Article
Nuclear Science & Technology
Y. Sun, S. Z. Diao, P. P. Liu, Q. Zhan, F. R. Wan
Summary: Using energy method based on SRIM to calculate defect production is a growing international standard for quantitative comparison of radiation effects. Various abnormal phenomena were observed and discussed when calculating displacements per atom (dpa) values using energy method with F-C mode. These phenomena include negative dpa values, which contradict the physical meaning of dpa, and variations with different ions and targets. A dpa calculation script was developed based on SRIM simulation result data to facilitate defect production calculation.
ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Helin Zhu, Jejin Jang, Gyuwan Im, Hyungsoo Mok, Jehwang Ryu, Kyung-Seo Kim
Summary: Further studies on the suitability, dynamic characteristics, and applications of carbon nanotubes in high-frequency pulsing of X-rays are needed. This study analyzes the combined dynamics of field emission, MOSFET, and a modified gate driver for MOSFET, and proposes a modified gate driver structure to accurately control the tube current and enhance the dynamic current performance of carbon nanotube tubes.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Bishwa Chandra Adhikari, Bhotkar Ketan, Ju Sung Kim, Sung Tae Yoo, Eun Ha Choi, Kyu Chang Park
Summary: This study successfully achieved the goal of measuring the spot of high-density electron beams under the variation of voltage and exposure time by fabricating vertically aligned carbon nanotube emitters. By capturing microimages on a microchannel plate and analyzing the morphology structures using scanning electron microscopy, the researchers obtained measurements of the high-density electron beam and demonstrated that this configuration is applicable to high-resolution multi-beam electron microscopy and high-resolution X-ray imaging technology.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Sung Tae Yoo, Kyu Chang Park
Summary: In this article, a novel method of EUV generation by irradiating Sn with electrons emitted from a carbon nanotube-based cold cathode electron beam was demonstrated. The intensity of EUV can be controlled by the number of emitted electrons. This method has significant implications for advanced lithography for semiconductor fabrication and high-resolution photonics.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jiangtao Chen, Xinyao Chang, Shaodan Wu, Hui Ren, Yirun Zhu, Bingjun Yang, Yun Zhao, Jianbiao Chen, Yan Li
Summary: High performance cold cathodes based on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are fabricated using a screen-printing method. The CNT cathode exhibits stable electron emission and the temperature-dependent emission is also investigated. Results show that the CNT emitters achieve a maximum emission current of 16.9 mA and a super-high current density of 562 mA cm-2 under continuous driving mode, and a peak current of 70 mA with a high current density of 2333 mA cm-2 under pulse driving mode. This work provides a new approach for designing double-high CNT cold electron sources for vacuum electronic devices requiring high current and density simultaneously.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Changkun Dong, Ruizi Liu, Jie Wang, Haipeng Yu, Song Kang, Weijun Huang, Weikang Jia, Weijin Qian
Summary: A novel low pressure helium sensing method using carbon nanotube field emission has been developed, showing promising applications in leak detection. By analyzing the field emission currents from multi-walled carbon nanotubes with low crystallinities, it was found that the work functions of CNT emitters remained consistent with helium adsorptions. The simulation results showed that adsorption of helium atoms on carbon atoms at defects enhanced the field emission current, enabling the detection of helium gas.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
K. Hareesh, Sachin R. Rondiya, S. D. Dhole, M. A. More, D. M. Phase
Summary: Through comparison experiments, it was found that the CoFe2O4/rGO/CNT emitter has higher current density and emission stability compared to other types of emitters, due to its reduced bandgap and work function, as well as sharp edges provided for easy electron liberation.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Z. Wang, O. Muransky, H. Zhu, T. Wei, Z. Zhang, M. Ionescu, C. Yang, J. Davis, G. Hu, P. Munroe, W. Windes
Summary: The ion irradiation-induced microstructural changes in a carbon-fibre reinforced carbon-matrix (C/C) composite were investigated using Raman spectroscopy. It was found that the high concentration of pre-existing crystal lattice defects in the C/C composite had a significant impact on the disordering of the crystal lattice. In contrast, graphite with fewer pre-existing defects behaved in a more predictable manner. The results suggest the importance of eliminating crystal lattice defects in the as-manufactured microstructure of C/C composites for radiation-tolerant applications. Additionally, the study identified a knowledge gap regarding the electronic energy loss effect on ion irradiation damage in carbon-based materials at intermediate ion energies.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Siru He, Xuda Hong, Hairong Zheng, Dong Liang
Summary: The study demonstrates that modifying the commonly used compact and planar titanium alloy substrate using an alkali approach can enhance the adhesion with screen-printed carbon nanotube cathodes and significantly improve device performance, providing a practical strategy for further enhancement of field emission performance.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Keita Funayama, Hiroya Tanaka, Jun Hirotani, Keiichi Shimaoka, Yutaka Ohno, Yukihiro Tadokoro
Summary: The evolution of carbon nanomaterials offers significant advantages in sensing, computation, and functional materials. Carbon nanotubes, with outstanding thermal and electrical conductivity features, have been explored for ultrasensitive sensors. While some research groups have attempted digital data transfer using carbon nanomaterials, challenges remain in understanding the fundamental capabilities in the presence of noise.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yangcheng Yu, Dong Han, Haiyuan Wei, Ziying Tang, Lei Luo, Tianzeng Hong, Yan Shen, Huying Zheng, Yaqi Wang, Runchen Wang, Hai Zhu, Shaozhi Deng
Summary: With the development of wide bandgap semiconductors, compact solid-state light-emitting devices for ultraviolet wavelength region have attracted significant technological interest as alternatives to conventional ultraviolet lamps. This study investigates the potential of aluminum nitride (AlN) as an ultraviolet luminescent material. By fabricating an ultraviolet light-emitting device with a carbon nanotube (CNT) array as the field-emission excitation source and AlN thin film as the cathodoluminescent material, the research demonstrates dominant ultraviolet emission at 330 nm. This work not only explores the potential of AlN thin film as a cathodoluminescent material but also provides a platform for investigating other ultrawide bandgap (UWBG) semiconductors. Moreover, this compact and versatile ultraviolet cathodoluminescent device holds promise for various applications such as photochemistry, biotechnology, and optoelectronic devices.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mengjie Li, Qilong Wang, Ji Xu, Jian Zhang, Zhiyang Qi, Xiaobing Zhang
Summary: In this study, vertical carbon nanotube arrays (VCNTAs) are reported as high-density electron sources that can modulate emission processes with laser pulses under a high applied electric field and laser illumination. The emission process shows sensitivity to a power law of the laser intensity as bias electric field and laser power density increase, supporting the mechanism of optically induced field emission followed by over-the-barrier emission. The polarization dependence exhibits a cosine behavior, confirming the likelihood of optically induced field emission.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rikiya Kikukawa, Yasushi Ohkawa, Yoshiki Yamagiwa
Summary: An experimental setup and procedure were developed to improve the electron emission stability in the long-term operation of carbon nanotube-based field emission cathodes (FECs). By using Xe plasma processing aging method, optimal plasma processing conditions were found to enhance the emission stability and extend the lifetime of FECs.
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Gurjinder Kaur, Arvind Dasgupta, Sudheer Korlam, Gaurav Modi, Narasimha Vinod Pulagara, Indranil Lahiri
Summary: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) show promising field emission properties on foams compared to foils, due to the high surface area of the foam structure facilitating CNT growth and enhanced field emission response. Among the samples studied, CNTs prepared on nickel foam exhibit the best field emission performance with low turn-on field, high field enhancement factor, and stable electron emission.
JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Eunsol Go, Jae-Woo Kim, Jin-Woo Jeong, Sora Park, Jun-Tae Kang, Sunghoon Choi, Ji-Hwan Yeon, Yoon-Ho Song
Summary: This study investigates the influence of the supporting layer in carbon nanotube paste emitters on electron transport behavior. The diffusion-induced reaction and diffusion-limited reaction mechanisms under different annealing conditions are studied. The results show that the characteristics of the supporting layer affect the field electron emission performance of the carbon nanotube paste emitters, which in turn affects their temperature dependence.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Qiyu Chen, Xiaolu Yan, Leyuan Wu, Yue Xiao, Sien Wang, Guoan Cheng, Ruiting Zheng, Qing Hao
Summary: Composite films consisting of reduced graphene oxides and single-wall carbon nanotubes were synthesized and found to have increasing in-plane thermal conductivities from 100 to 400 K. The unique temperature dependence is attributed to the largely restricted phonon mean free paths within the graphene sheets that contribute to the in-plane thermal transport. The highest in-plane thermal conductivity achieved was 62.8 W/(m·K) at 300 K, ideal for applications like flexible film-like thermal diodes.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Liqun Wang, Wenping Si, Yuhang Ye, Sihui Wang, Feng Hou, Xinggang Hou, Hongkun Cai, Shi Xue Dou, Ji Liang
Summary: The TiO2 nanotube array implanted with Cu ions and decorated with polymeric carbon nitride shows significantly improved performance in photoelectrochemical water splitting, thanks to the synergistic effect of Cu-ion implantation and PCN decoration.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2021)
Article
Optics
Wen-Ling Li, Jing-Wei Liu, Guo-An Cheng, Qing-Zhong Huang, Rui-Ting Zheng, Xiao-Ling Wu
Summary: In this study, a diffraction grating based on a multilayer silicon nitride waveguide is proposed, which demonstrates high upward diffraction efficiency and large effective length. The analysis shows that the diffraction grating has a high tolerance to process variations and can adjust the near-field effective length. The research results suggest that this diffraction grating has potential applications in optical sensing and imaging.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Cheng Zhang, Tingting Liu, Liang Li, Shaolong Wu, Chinhua Wang, Xiaofeng Li
Summary: In this study, ultra-broadband, strong, polarization-insensitive, and wide-angle absorption was achieved in a simple planar dual-layer system through theoretical deduction and experimental observation. The dual-layer system also showed superior performance in broadband hot-carrier photodetection. Such a simple planar system has great potentials in large-area and lithography-free thermo-photovoltaics, photodetections, etc.
IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Renying Li, Zhong Lin, Kelin Zhu, Lin Liu, Jinxiao Li, Xiaoling Wu, Ruiting Zheng, Guoan Cheng
Summary: In this study, a large-area single-phase VO2 film was prepared and the coexistence of two phases during the phase transition process was observed. The gradual monoclinic-to-rutile phase transition was confirmed by in situ Raman-scattering mapping scans. This research provides important insights into the mechanism of metal-insulator phase transitions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jiayu Lu, Huayang Wang, Tingbing Fan, Dong Ma, Changlei Wang, Shaolong Wu, Xiaofeng Li
Summary: The performance of low-bandgap perovskite solar cells and unbiased perovskite photodetectors can be improved by the synergistic effects of maltol and PCBM, which passivate defects and tune charge transfer dynamics.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhongyuan Zhou, Fang Wang, Pengfei Liang, Liguo Yang, Youzhu Yu, Liujing Li, Yao Guo, Shaolong Wu
Summary: Surface engineering is an efficient strategy to enhance the performance of photoelectrochemical water splitting. In this study, a p-type NiOOH overlayer was introduced onto an n-type Sn-doping hematite photoanode to improve its conductivity and oxidation kinetics. The synergistic effect of the p-n junctions formed by NiOOH decoration and improved conductivity through oxygen vacancy reconstruction significantly improved carrier separation and suppressed carrier recombination.
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Yifan Yu, Lu Ma, Linling Qin, Wenxiang Lu, Cheng Zhang, Shaolong Wu, Xiaofeng Li
Summary: Photoelectrochemical biosensors have potential in biochemical molecular detection. This study constructs an unbiased glucose biosensor using Au nanoparticle-decorated TiO2-coated Al films. The sensor achieves a wide detectable range and high sensitivity, with good stability and interference rejection.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Wen-ling Li, Jing-wei Liu, Guo-an Cheng, Rui-ting Zheng, Xiao-ling Wu
Summary: This work proposes and analyzes silicon nitride waveguide superlattices with air gaps, which help to improve the beam steering performance of optical phased arrays (OPAs) in the near-infrared waveband. By introducing air gaps beside the waveguide, the skin depth of the evanescent field is shortened and the effective index range of the waveguide is increased under single mode conditions, resulting in lower crosstalk compared to waveguides without air gaps. A waveguide superlattice with air gaps is designed using the eigenmode expansion method and particle swarm optimization, achieving optimized crosstalk of -24.3 dB at a waveguide pitch of 0.9 μm, propagation length of 1 mm, and wavelength of 905 nm.
IEEE PHOTONICS JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Wenxiang Lu, Lu Ma, Shengchen Ke, Rouxi Zhang, Weijian Zhu, Linling Qin, Shaolong Wu
Summary: Photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensors have great potential for heavy metal ion detection due to their low background noise, high sensitivity, and ease of integration. However, the detection limit for hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) monitoring is relatively high and requires an external bias. In this study, a CuO film is synthesized as the photoactive material for a PEC sensing photocathode to improve the detection of Cr(VI).
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jianguang Wang, Kelin Zhu, Xiaoling Wu, Guoan Cheng, Ruiting Zheng
Summary: This study systematically investigated the fabrication of 1 to 5 nm porous silicon using helium ion implantation and revealed the growth and regulation mechanism of helium bubbles in monocrystalline silicon at low temperatures. The growth of helium bubbles can be divided into three distinct stages, each with different formation mechanisms. The minimum average diameter of a helium bubble is approximately 2.3 nm, with a maximum number density of 4.2 x 10^23 m^-3. The porous structure cannot be obtained at injection temperatures below 115℃ or injection doses below 2.5 x 10^16 ions/cm^2. Both the ion implantation temperature and dose have an impact on the growth of helium bubbles in monocrystalline silicon. This research provides an effective approach for fabricating 1 to 5 nm nanoporous silicon, challenging traditional views and proposing new theories.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Shengchen Ke, Linling Qin, Ruoxi Zhang, Weijian Zhu, Wenxiang Lu, Lu Ma, Shaolong Wu, Xiaofeng Li
Summary: Developing a non-invasive and portable glucose sensor is crucial to address the limitations of invasive glucose sensors. The authors successfully designed a self-driven and enzyme-free sweat glucose sensor using TiO2 hierarchical nanotubes modified by CuO nanoparticles. This photoelectrode showed high sensitivity and low detection limit, and the testing results were consistent with commercial glucometers. The research provides a promising alternative for non-invasive and portable glucose sensing.
SURFACES AND INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Zhongyuan Zhou, Yiyi Wang, Liujing Li, Liguo Yang, Yongsheng Niu, Youzhu Yu, Yao Guo, Shaolong Wu
Summary: This study demonstrates a new strategy of gradient doping to enhance the internal electric field effect in alpha-Fe2O3 thin films, leading to significantly improved photogenerated-carrier separation and transfer efficiencies.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Correction
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Chenhong Xiao, Zhongyuan Zhou, Liujing Li, Shaolong Wu, Xiaofeng Li
NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Proceedings Paper
Optics
Jie Wang, Yifang Yu, Liujing Li, Wenxiang Lu, Ke Li, Xiaofeng Li, Shaolong Wu
Summary: In this study, a real-time reflective interferometric optical sensing system based on ordered nanowires/disordered porous Si hybrid structure is demonstrated, showing selective detection of glucose molecules with excellent sensitivity and response time. This hybrid structure opens up a pathway for label-free and selective sensing in the circumstances of mixed large and small molecules, expanding the functions and applications of reflective interference optical sensors.
FIRST OPTICS FRONTIER CONFERENCE
(2021)
