Journal
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
Volume 5, Issue 8, Pages 3033-3041Publisher
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/am303012u
Keywords
SnO2 nanocone arrays; VS growth; field-emission
Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [21073116]
- Natural Science Foundation of Shaanxi Province [2010JM2011]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [GK201101003]
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Vertically aligned SnO2 nanocones with different morphologies have been directly grown on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates in a large area by heating a mixture of stannous chloride dihydrate (SnCl2.2H(2)O) and anhydrous zinc chloride (ZnCl2) at 600 degrees C in air. Control over the SnO2 nanocone arrays with different morphologies is achieved by adjusting the heat treatment time. The SnO2 nanocones are single crystalline with the tetragonal structure. A single-layer SnO2 nanoparticle film is first formed via the vapor solid (VS) process due to the decentralization function of ZnCl2 vapor, and the SnO2 nanoparticles served as seeds gradient of reactant in the growth process. The as-obtained whiskerlike nanocone arrays exhibit enhanced field emission properties in comparison with typical nanoconelike structure arrays and other SnO2 nanostructured materials reported previously, and the turn-on field and field-enhancement factor is 1.19 V/mu m and 3110, respectively. The experimental result is consistent with the Utsumi's relative figure of merit for pillar-shaped emitters.
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