Article
Immunology
Alejandro Prados, Lucas Onder, Hung-Wei Cheng, Urs Morbe, Mechthild Lutge, Cristina Gil-Cruz, Christian Perez-Shibayama, Vasiliki Koliaraki, Burkhard Ludewig, George Kollias
Summary: The study reveals that fibroblastic reticular cells (FRCs) in Peyer's patches develop from two separate mesenchymal cell lineages, which converge to support immune cell activation and maintain intestinal homeostasis. This mosaic microenvironment plays a crucial role in controlling intestinal immunity, revealing key stromal cell infrastructures for this process.
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jung In Park, Seung Woo Cho, Joo H. Kang, Tae-Eun Park
Summary: In this review, the unique structure and function of intestinal Peyer's patches (PPs) are summarized, along with the current technologies to establish in vitro PP models. It is found that PPs are surrounded by follicle-associated epithelium containing microfold (M) cells, which serve as special gateways for luminal antigen transport across the gut epithelium. However, the current in vitro PP models are not sufficient to recapitulate the function of PPs, and more advanced three-dimensional cell culture technologies are needed.
TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Domenico Supino, Luna Minute, Andrea Mariancini, Federica Riva, Elena Magrini, Cecilia Garlanda
Summary: This article explores the roles of interleukin-1 (IL-1) family members and their receptors in regulating immune and inflammatory processes at the molecular level. It discusses their significance in the development of diseases and their potential therapeutic applications.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yujiao Cheng, Yan Ren, Wenhui Wang, Wangdong Zhang
Summary: Aggregated Lymphoid Nodules Area (ALNA), consisting of Reticular Mucosal Folds Region (RMFR) and Longitudinal Mucosal Folds Region (LMFR), exhibits histological properties similar to Peyer's patches (PPs). Proteomic analysis revealed a high degree of similarity in the immune-related proteins expressed in ALNA and PPs, indicating comparable functions in mucosal immune responses.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicolas Millet, Norma Solis, Diane Aguilar, Michail S. Lionakis, Robert T. Wheeler, Nicholas Jendzjowsky, Marc Swidergall
Summary: This study reveals the role of the beta-glucan receptor EphA2 in modulating renal immunopathology during disseminated candidiasis through IL-23 signaling and ferroptotic cell death.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Fatemeh Ahmadi, Fredrik Junghus, Christian Ashworth, Amanda Lappalainen, Urs Morbe, Knut Kotarsky, William W. Agace
Summary: This study reveals that the post-weaning accumulation of Th1 cells in the intestine, which is microbiota-dependent, requires the expression of MHC-II and IL-27 by cDC1 cells. IL-27 derived from cDC1 cells plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance between Th1 and Th17 cells in the small intestinal lamina propria.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhengyang Jia, Anthony Wignall, Clive Prestidge, Benjamin Thierry
Summary: Various nanoparticulate systems have been engineered to enhance the bioavailability of orally administrated vaccines by targeting microfold cells (M cells) within Peyer's patches (PPs). A novel clearing-based imaging technique was developed to quantitatively determine the distribution of nanoparticles within ex vivo murine PPs, revealing enhanced translocation of M cell-targeted nanoparticles compared to non-targeted ones. This approach may aid in the design of improved oral vaccines.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Stavros Garantziotis, Rashmin C. Savani
Summary: The extracellular matrix (ECM) is not only a structure but also plays key roles in cellular responses. Proteoglycans (PGs), a component of ECM, have been found to be crucial in both health maintenance and disease development by activating the innate immune system and influencing cell fate.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Rheumatology
Aurelie Najm, Iain B. McInnes
Summary: IL-23, a pro-inflammatory cytokine secreted by dendritic cells and macrophages, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases by promoting T cell differentiation into Th17 cells. Therapeutic strategies targeting IL-23 have shown efficiency in PsA but not yet in RA.
Review
Plant Sciences
Khong-Sam Chia, Philip Carella
Summary: Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat (NLR) proteins are intracellular immune receptors in plants that activate immune responses against pathogens. They have a conserved tripartite structure, consisting of a regulatory nucleotide-binding domain, leucine-rich repeats, and variable N-terminal domains. Recent studies have provided insights into their functions, focusing on the biochemistry and evolutionary diversity of these domains.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Akinori Higaki, Ahmad U. M. Mahmoud, Pierre Paradis, Ernesto L. Schiffrin
Summary: Hypertension is partially mediated by immune mechanisms, with IL-23 and IL-17 playing important roles. The IL-23/IL-17 axis has not been a major therapeutic target for hypertension treatment, but shows potential for targeting therapy.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yuhao Li, Scott A. Handley, Megan T. Baldridge
Summary: The enteric virome is composed of diverse viruses infecting microbes and animal hosts, and our understanding of its complexity is still incomplete. Recent studies have shown how interactions between the virome and host can impact the host's health, highlighting the importance of understanding these interactions for elucidating the role of enteric viruses in intestinal diseases.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Ryma Haroun, Sahar Naasri, Ayman J. Oweida
Summary: TLRs are essential for immune responses and can mediate inflammation by recognizing molecular patterns in pathogens and damaged cells. TLR ligands have gained attention in cancer research, especially in combination with cancer treatments like immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (RT). However, the role of TLRs in cancer, particularly in response to radiation, is still poorly understood. This review examines how TLR signaling affects tumor response to RT and proposes a framework for TLR-based therapies with RT.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonios Lazaridis, Eleni Gavriilaki, Stella Douma, Eugenia Gkaliagkousi
Summary: Essential hypertension is a highly heterogeneous disease with a complex etiology, where subclinical inflammation and abnormal activation of TLR signaling play crucial roles in its pathogenesis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Andrea A. Hill, Myunghoo Kim, Daniel F. Zegarra-Ruiz, Lin-Chun Chang, Kendra Norwood, Adrien Assie, Wan-Jung H. Wu, Michael C. Renfroe, Hyo Wong Song, Angela M. Major, Buck S. Samuel, Joseph M. Hyser, Randy S. Longman, Gretchen E. Diehl
Summary: Chronic exposure to high-fat diets worsens intestinal disease pathology by interfering with macrophage clearance of dead neutrophils, leading to unresolved tissue damage. Short-term high-fat diet feeding in a model of intestinal injury results in sustained damage with increased cecal dead neutrophil accumulation and dietary lipid accumulation. Neutrophil depletion rescues enhanced pathology, indicating the role of neutrophils in promoting tissue damage. Macrophages from high-fat diet-treated mice show reduced capacity to engulf dead neutrophils, and macrophage exposure to lipids from the high-fat diet prevents tethering and uptake of apoptotic cells and IL-10 induction.
Article
Immunology
Aya Shiokawa, Ryutaro Kotaki, Tomohiro Takano, Haruyo Nakajima-Adachi, Satoshi Hachimura
Article
Hematology
Ryutaro Kotaki, Hiroshi Higuchi, Daisuke Ogiya, Yasuhiro Katahira, Natsumi Kurosaki, Naoko Yukihira, Jun Ogata, Haruna Yamamoto, Syakira Mohamad Alba, Azran Azhim, Tatsuo Kitajima, Shigeaki Inoue, Kazuhiro Morishita, Koh Ono, Ryo Koyama-Nasu, Ai Kotani
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Immunology
Ryutaro Kotaki, Yu Adachi, Saya Moriyama, Taishi Onodera, Shuetsu Fukushi, Takaki Nagakura, Keisuke Tonouchi, Kazutaka Terahara, Lin Sun, Tomohiro Takano, Ayae Nishiyama, Masaharu Shinkai, Kunihiro Oba, Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama, Hidefumi Shimizu, Tadaki Suzuki, Takayuki Matsumura, Masanori Isogawa, Yoshimasa Takahashi
Summary: Multiple SARS-CoV-2 variants, particularly Beta and Omicron, have the potential to evade neutralizing antibodies, even in those who have received two doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. However, boosting with a third vaccine dose or breakthrough infection can improve the overall breadth of neutralizing antibodies. This study longitudinally profiles the cellular composition of RBD-binding memory B cell subsets and their antibody binding and neutralizing activity after the second dose of mRNA vaccine. It finds that two doses of mRNA vaccine induce an expanded antibody breadth over time, while a subset of resting memory B cells show the ability to produce Beta and Omicron-neutralizing antibodies.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Masayuki Kuraoka, Chen-Hao Yeh, Goran Bajic, Ryutaro Kotaki, Shengli Song, Ian Windsor, Stephen C. Harrison, Garnett Kelsoe
Summary: Immunization or microbial infection can establish long-term B cell memory both systemically and locally. Local B cell memory contributes to early local plasmacytic responses and recall germinal center (GC) reactions. The efficacy of recall GCs depends on the locality of immunization, and local boosts are more efficient at recruiting progeny of primary GC B cells. Additionally, local boosts lead to elevated levels of immunoglobulin mutation and higher avidity B cell antigen receptors (BCRs) in recall GCs. The importance of locality in humoral immunity and its implications for vaccination strategies are highlighted.
SCIENCE IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tomohiro Takano, Takashi Sato, Ryutaro Kotaki, Saya Moriyama, Shuetsu Fukushi, Masahiro Shinoda, Kiyomi Kabasawa, Nagashige Shimada, Mio Kousaka, Yu Adachi, Taishi Onodera, Kazutaka Terahara, Masanori Isogawa, Takayuki Matsumura, Masaharu Shinkai, Yoshimasa Takahashi
Summary: Takano et al. demonstrate that a heterologous booster using a SARS-CoV-2 recombinant spike protein vaccine induces a more sustained and broader anti-spike receptor-binding domain antibody response compared to a homologous booster using an mRNA vaccine. The study shows that the S-268019-b spike protein booster generates higher and longer-lasting IgG titers specific to the SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor-binding domain, with the ability to bind to antigenically distinct variants, while the BNT162b2 mRNA homologous booster has a weaker effect. Additionally, the S-268019-b booster enhances the production of RBD-angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) binding inhibitory antibodies, resulting in increased neutralizing activities against Omicron BA.1 and BA.5 variants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Taishi Onodera, Nicolas Sax, Takashi Sato, Yu Adachi, Ryutaro Kotaki, Takeshi Inoue, Ryo Shinnakasu, Takayuki Nakagawa, Shuetsu Fukushi, Tommy Terooatea, Mai Yoshikawa, Keisuke Tonouchi, Takaki Nagakura, Saya Moriyama, Takayuki Matsumura, Masanori Isogawa, Kazutaka Terahara, Tomohiro Takano, Lin Sun, Ayae Nishiyama, Shinnya Omoto, Masaharu Shinkai, Tomohiro Kurosaki, Kazuo Yamashita, Yoshimasa Takahashi
Summary: By analyzing single Bmem cells and assessing antibody function, we have identified the characteristics of Bmem cells that carry potent neutralizing antibodies in COVID-19 convalescent individuals. These neutralizing antibodies are marked by elevated CD62L expression, distinct epitope preference, and usage of convergent VH genes, which contribute to their neutralizing activities. Despite equivalent receptor binding, there is a correlation between neutralizing antibody titers and the CD62L+ subset. Moreover, the dynamics of the CD62L+ subset differ among patients with varying COVID-19 severities. Our Bmem cell profiling reveals the unique phenotype of the subset harboring potent neutralizing BCRs and enhances our understanding of humoral protection.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Saya Moriyama, Yuki Anraku, Shunta Taminishi, Yu Adachi, Daisuke Kuroda, Shunsuke Kita, Yusuke Higuchi, Yuhei Kirita, Ryutaro Kotaki, Keisuke Tonouchi, Kohei Yumoto, Tateki Suzuki, Taiyou Someya, Hideo Fukuhara, Yudai Kuroda, Tsukasa Yamamoto, Taishi Onodera, Shuetsu Fukushi, Ken Maeda, Fukumi Nakamura-Uchiyama, Takao Hashiguchi, Atsushi Hoshino, Katsumi Maenaka, Yoshimasa Takahashi
Summary: In this study, RBS antibodies resistant to Omicron mutations were selected. Y489 was identified as a vulnerable site and a common marker of broadly neutralizing antibodies. A computationally designed antibody, NIV-10/FD03, showed the ability to bind and neutralize viruses with the 486 mutation.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)