Article
Anatomy & Morphology
George Richard Scott, Kyra E. Stull, Andrea N. Sbei, Mason McKinney, Scarlett R. Boling, Joel D. Irish
Summary: The study aims to describe the global distribution of the rocker jaw variant in human populations, highlighting its prevalence in Polynesians but also noting its presence worldwide.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Ian Towle, Carolina Loch, Joel D. Irish, Alessio Veneziano, Tsuyoshi Ito
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Joel D. Irish, Mark Grabowski
Summary: This study used size-corrected tooth crown measurements to estimate the phenetic affinities among Homo naledi and other hominin species, revealing a possible close relationship between H. naledi and H. habilis. The results also suggest that H. naledi may have originated earlier than the geological date of its discovery.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Anthropology
Ian Towle, Joel D. Irish, Carolina Loch
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
(2021)
Article
Biology
Joel D. Irish, Donatella Usai
Summary: Researchers studied the population continuity between Late Palaeolithic hunter-gatherers and Holocene agriculturalists in northeast Africa, with dental morphological analysis suggesting that late Pleistocene Upper Nubians are more likely the ancestors of Holocene agriculturalists.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Zoology
Ian Towle, Joel D. Irish, Kris H. Sabbi, Carolina Loch
Summary: Dental caries were found in 3.3% of all teeth among 11 catarrhine primate species studied, with prevalence varying among species. Interproximal cavities on anterior teeth were confirmed to be cariogenic in nature, likely influenced by dietary and food processing behaviors. Further research in living primate populations is needed to better understand the factors influencing caries occurrence.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PRIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Joel D. Irish
Summary: This study presents hyperdontia data in modern and premodern sub-Saharan Africans, showing regional and gender differences. The prevalence of hyperdontia in the sub-Saharan population is relatively high and varies geographically. The findings suggest a potential genetic component and offer insights for dental clinicians and anthropologists.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
G. Richard Scott, Arielle J. Pastore, Mackenzie R. Sullivan, Heather Nesbitt, Dennis H. O'Rourke, Joel D. Irish, John F. Hoffecker, Laresa L. Dern
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Adeline Morez, Kate Britton, Gordon Noble, Torsten J. Guenther, Anders D. Gotherstrom, Ricardo Rodriguez-Varela, Natalija Kashuba, Rui Martiniano, Sahra Talamo, Nicholas Evans, Joel Irish, Christina Donald, Linus Girdland-Flink
Summary: This study provides new insights into the origins and ancestry of the Picts in early medieval Scotland. By analyzing two high-quality Pictish genomes, researchers found genetic affinities between the Picts and Iron Age people in Britain, and observed population structure differences in Scotland. Additionally, they observed a higher degree of genetic affinity between the Picts and present-day individuals in western Scotland, Wales, Northern Ireland, and Northumbria.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Ian Towle, Carole Davenport, Joel D. Irish, Isabelle De Groote
Summary: This study examined dental pathology and tooth wear in a medieval sample from the UK to investigate dietary continuity. The results showed high levels of caries and calculus, which may be related to the early adoption of refined carbohydrates rather than specific dietary habits from the same region in the earlier Roman period.
ARCHIVES OF ORAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Lucas K. Delezene, Matthew M. Skinner, Shara E. Bailey, Juliet K. Brophy, Marina C. Elliott, Alia Gurtov, Joel D. Irish, Jacopo Moggi-Cecchi, Darryl J. de Ruiter, John Hawks, Lee R. Berger
Summary: More than 150 hominin teeth dating back to approximately 330-241 thousand years ago were discovered in the Dinaledi Chamber of South Africa's Rising Star cave system. These fossils represent the first large sample of hominin teeth from the Middle Pleistocene in Africa. The distinct morphological features of the Dinaledi teeth suggest the existence of a new hominin species, Homo naledi, indicating diverse African Homo lineage that lasted until at least the Middle Pleistocene. The article provides a catalog, anatomical descriptions, preservation details, and proposed connections among the teeth, as well as access to a catalog of surface files for further research.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Law
Constantine Eliopoulos, Konstantinos Moraitis, Matteo Borrini, Joel Irish, Xenophon Kallis, Panayiotis Manoli, Marios Chimonas, Marios Cariolou
Summary: Forensic science has played an important role in investigating human rights abuses related to armed conflicts, including prosecuting perpetrators through evidence collection and providing humanitarian aid. This paper presents a multidisciplinary effort to recover and identify the remains of a 7-year-old child who was shot by British colonial forces in Cyprus in 1956. The use of archaeological and anthropological methods, as well as DNA testing, helped uncover the burial site, determine the child's age and nature of skeletal trauma, and confirm the victim's identity.
MEDICINE SCIENCE AND THE LAW
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Satu Valoriani, Joel D. D. Irish, Megan King, Matteo Borrini
Summary: This study compared craniometric characteristics of 946 individuals from 16 British medieval sites and found observable differences among British medieval groups. These differences are likely due to immigration from other European areas.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hannes Rathmann, Silvia Perretti, Valentina Porcu, Tsunehiko Hanihara, G. Richard Scott, Joel D. Irish, Hugo Reyes-Centeno, Silvia Ghirotto, Katerina Harvati
Summary: There is a growing consensus that cranial and dental variation in modern humans is primarily influenced by neutral evolutionary processes. This study systematically tests the relative neutrality of four standard craniodental data types and suggests that combining all four data types maximizes the neutral genetic signal. This highlights the importance of using a holistic approach in craniodental investigations for inferring underlying neutral genetic variation.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ian Towle, Joel D. Irish, Isabelle De Groote, Christianne Fernee, Carolina Loch
Summary: The study of caries in South African fossil hominins reveals that the prevalence of caries is similar to non-agricultural human groups, with most lesions found on posterior teeth, suggesting consumption of sugary foods. These findings add to the evidence that dental caries has been present throughout human evolution.
SOUTH AFRICAN JOURNAL OF SCIENCE
(2021)