Editorial Material
Environmental Sciences
Daniel J. A. Johansson
Summary: Most emissions scenarios aligned with the Paris Agreement predict significant net-negative CO2 emissions in the second half of this century, a trend that is further expanded upon in a new set of scenarios.
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kangkang Tong, Ajay Singh Nagpure, Anu Ramaswami
Summary: India is the third-largest contributor to global energy-use and carbon emissions, and the rapid urbanization in the country makes urban energy transitions critical for meeting climate goals. This paper develops a novel approach to model urban energy use in all Indian urban districts, integrating multiple field surveys and machine learning. Evaluation against reported energy-use at national, state, and city levels shows good alignment, demonstrating the value of the AllUrE-India dataset for informing urban energy transitions consistent with national goals.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Dana Tripp, Jaclyn Janis, Benjamin Jarrett, F. Lee Lucas, Tania D. Strout, Paul K. J. Han, Isabella Stumpf, Rebecca N. Hutchinson
Summary: The study found that the one-year "surprise question" has better accuracy in predicting mortality rates for COPD patients; it demonstrated a sensitivity of 47% and a specificity of 75% for predicting one-year mortality. According to multivariable adjustment, responses to the one-year SQ+ were associated with a greater odds of one-year mortality.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hiroyuki Hikichi, Jun Aida, Katsunori Kondo, Ichiro Kawachi
Summary: The study examined the long-term health consequences of residential displacement following the 2011 Japan Earthquake and Tsunami. It found that group relocation was associated with increased body mass index and depressive symptoms initially, while individual relocation was linked to lower instrumental activities of daily living and higher risk of cognitive impairment in the long term. The findings suggest a complex relationship between residential relocation and health outcomes, with both positive and negative impacts on mental and physical dimensions of health.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zoe Le Bihan, Cecile Hastoy, Patrick Cosson, Philippe Boutie, Dominique Rolin, Valerie Schurdi-Levraud
Summary: The study on cultivating Stevia rebaudiana in temperate conditions found that avoiding harvest in the first year can facilitate better crop establishment, overwintering, and overall yield. Variability in response to overwintering, SG yield, and dry leaf biomass among different genotypes was observed, with a decrease in these traits for plants harvested in the first year.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Travis R. Goodwin, Dina Demner-Fushman, Kyle Lo, Lucy Lu Wang, Hoa T. Dang, Ian M. Soboroff
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a rapid increase in the publication of information regarding its health, socio-economic, and cultural consequences. Manual management of this information is not feasible, thus the use of automatic question answering systems can efficiently highlight the key points. By utilizing various information sources and questions from different stakeholders, a dataset was developed to explore automatic question answering for multiple domains. Analysis of these questions revealed that while the information needs of experts and the public may overlap, satisfying answers often require different information sources or approaches. This dataset has the potential to support the development of question answering systems in various domains, including epidemics as well as legal or financial domains.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Gouthaman Kv, Anurag Mittal
Summary: Generalizing beyond the experiences is important for developing robust machine learning systems. Current Visual Question Answering (VQA) models heavily rely on language-priors from the train set, leading to poor performance on Out-of-Distribution (OOD) test sets. This paper investigates the role of the sequence model architecture in the performance of VQA models on OOD datasets. A novel Graph attention network (GAT)-based question-encoder is proposed to mitigate the over-dependency on language biases and improve the OOD performance in VQA.
PATTERN RECOGNITION
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Darren Shu Jeng Ting, Mohamed Galal, Bina Kulkarni, Mohamed S. Elalfy, Damian Lake, Samer Hamada, Dalia G. Said, Harminder S. Dua
Summary: Fungal keratitis is a serious ocular infection that often results in poor visual outcomes and requires a high proportion of surgical interventions.
Article
Biology
William D. Donachie
Summary: Research suggests that the absolute dimensions of Escherichia coli cells may be determined by the separation distance between newly completed sister nucleoids.
Editorial Material
Medicine, General & Internal
Caren G. Solomon, Alexander S. Rabin, Caroline W. Davis, Anays M. Sotolongo, Michael J. Falvo, John J. Osterholzer
Summary: The article discusses a 35-year-old male patient who presented to a Veterans Affairs pulmonary clinic with symptoms of exertional dyspnea and cough, which started 4 years prior and have progressed over time.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Soroosh Sorkhani, Roohollah Etemadi, Amin Bigdeli, Morteza Zihayat, Ebrahim Bagheri
Summary: This paper addresses the problem of question routing in Community Question Answering (CQA) platforms using a learning to rank approach. The study introduces 74 features classified into content-based and social-based categories and shows that these features significantly improve question routing.
INFORMATION SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Meimei Zhang, Fang Chen, Bin Li
Summary: This study proposes an end-to-end multistep question-driven VQA system for remote sensing. By using a multiple-step attention mechanism and a question-driven module, the proposed model demonstrates superior performance in RSVQA compared to other models, and it shows a robust ability in understanding complex questions and image content.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jost B. Jonas, Qi Zhang, Liang Xu, Wen Bin Wei, Rahul A. Jonas, Ya Xing Wang
Summary: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated factors of parapapillary gamma zone enlargement (GZE). The results showed that the prevalence of GZE was significantly higher in highly myopic eyes compared to non-highly myopic eyes, and no reduction in gamma zone size was observed. Segmental GZE was associated with optic disc size reduction, while circular GZE was correlated with optic disc enlargement and myopic maculopathy progression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew R. Booker, Andrew Sutherland
Summary: The research team made improvements to methods for finding integer solutions to x(3) + y(3) + z(3) = k for small values of k and implemented these on Charity Engine's global compute grid of 500,000 volunteer PCs, finding new representations for several values of k, including 3 and 42. This completes a search initiated in 1954 and resolves a challenge posed in 1953.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Jinting Lu, Xiaobing Sun, Bin Li, Lili Bo, Tao Zhang
Summary: Software bugs are common in the software development process. To fix bugs quickly, developers need to understand bug information efficiently. Existing approaches often fail to fully express users' intents, resulting in irrelevant results. BEAT utilizes templates to understand natural language questions and generate structured queries, achieving better F1-score values than existing Q&A approaches.
KNOWLEDGE-BASED SYSTEMS
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Gary Sutkin, Eliza B. Littleton, Steven L. Kanter
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION
(2015)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Gary Sutkin, Eliza B. Littleton, Steven L. Kanter
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL EDUCATION
(2015)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Gary Sutkin, Eliza Beth Littleton, Steven L. Kanter, Anna T. Cianciolo, Xiaodong (Phoenix) Chen, Alexandra Cope, Timothy Koschmann
TEACHING AND LEARNING IN MEDICINE
(2017)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Louise Arnold, Paul G. Cuddy, Susan B. Hathaway, Jennifer L. Quaintance, Steven L. Kanter
Article
Surgery
Gary Sutkin, Eliza B. Littleton, Steven L. Kanter
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2018)
Editorial Material
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Barret Michalec, Monica M. Cuddy, Phillip Hafferty, Mark D. Hanson, Steven L. Kanter, Dawn Littleton, Maria Athena (Tina) Martimianakis, Robin Michaels, Frederic W. Hafferty
Article
Surgery
Gary Sutkin, Eliza B. Littleton, Steven L. Kanter
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2019)
Article
Surgery
Katherine C. Sampene, Eliza B. Littleton, Steven L. Kanter, Gary Sutkin
JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH
(2019)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Gary Sutkin, Eliza B. Littleton, Louise Arnold, Steven L. Kanter
Article
Surgery
Margaret Brommelsiek, Tariq Said, Mark Gray, Steven L. Kanter, Gary Sutkin
Summary: Silence in the operating room can be expressed verbally and nonverbally, and is categorized into homogeneous and disparate contexts. The primary themes include power shutting down communication and focus during critical moments, suggesting that silence is not an absence of communication, but a call to action.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2021)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Lauren A. Maggio, Christian Dameff, Steven L. Kanter, Beau Woods, Jeffrey Tully
Summary: AHCs face cybersecurity vulnerabilities that can have significant costs. Awareness and education on cybersecurity are areas for improvement. A tabletop simulation exercise was conducted to raise awareness and facilitate discussions among AHC leaders. Participants noted the lack of attention given to cybersecurity preparedness compared to other threats. Next steps include developing best practices for preparedness and response to improve healthcare cybersecurity.
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Fabrizio Consorti, Steven L. Kanter, Stefania Basili, Ming-Jung Ho
Summary: The study explores the SWOT analysis of how Italian medical schools adapted their curricula to the COVID-19 pandemic. Strengths identified include rapid responses and a spirit of cooperation, while weaknesses include dependency on clinical facilities and lack of mental health support for staff. Opportunities highlighted were clear government rules, new ways of teaching and a renewed focus on underrepresented topics. Threats expressed included impaired relationships, difficulties related to online assessment, lack of IT access, and legal and insurance issues.
Article
Surgery
Gary Sutkin, Eliza B. Littleton, Louise Arnold, Steven L. Kanter
Summary: This study identified six intraoperative teaching strategies based on sociocultural learning theories which aim to improve resident surgical autonomy by assessing learner needs, providing in-the-moment coaching, and debriefing about successes and struggles.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Education & Educational Research
Mikio Hayashi, Takuya Saiki, Steven L. Kanter, Ming-Jung Ho
Summary: This study explores how the deans of medical colleges in Japan addressed the difficulties during the COVID-19 pandemic and interacted with various stakeholders.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2022)
Review
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Lauren A. Maggio, Aliki Thomas, H. Carrie Chen, John P. A. Ioannidis, Steven L. Kanter, Candace Norton, Nancy H. Tannery, Anthony R. Artino
PERSPECTIVES ON MEDICAL EDUCATION
(2018)
