Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Nicolo Brandi, Matteo Renzulli
Summary: Recent technical advances in liver imaging for high-risk HCC patients have increased the detection of borderline hepatic nodules, but there are no shared guidelines for decision management. It is crucial to identify features indicating malignant potential and vascularization in these nodules.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
E. Reizine, M. Ronot, M. Ghosn, J. Calderaro, N. Frulio, P. Bioulac-Sage, H. Trillaud, V. Vilgrain, V Paradis, A. Luciani
Summary: The uptake of hepatospecific contrast agent on hepatobiliary phase is strongly associated with marked activation of the beta-catenin pathway in hepatocellular adenomas, suggesting its potential for improving subtype classification of hepatocellular adenomas on MRI.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yuan Xue, Bin Xiao, Zhiyang Xia, Lixiong Dai, Qian Xia, Lei Zhong, Chunrong Zhu, Jiang Zhu
Summary: This study evaluated the ability of Mn-BnO-TyEDTA MRI contrast agent to detect hepatocellular carcinoma in a mouse model. Results showed that it provides comparable hepatobiliary tumor contrast enhancement to Gd-EOB-DTPA.
JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yeun-Yoon Kim, Young Kon Kim, Ji Hye Min, Dong Ik Cha, Jong Man Kim, Gyu-Seong Choi, Soohyun Ahn
Summary: Comparing HCC washout between MRIs using HBA and ECA, the study found comparable diagnostic efficiencies except for tumors < 20 mm. Adding IW improved HCC sensitivity on ECA-MRI in tumors < 20 mm.
KOREAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kathleen Moeller, Ehsan Safai Zadeh, Christian Goerg, Yi Dong, Xinwu Cui, Adrian Lim, Chiara de Molo, Carla Serra, Ana Martin Algibez, Analisa Berzigotti, Fabio Piscaglia, Siegbert Faiss, Christoph F. Dietrich
Summary: Liver cirrhosis is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and other liver lesions. It is important to differentiate these lesions for appropriate therapeutic decisions. This review discusses the characteristics and appearance of non-HCC liver lesions in cirrhosis on contrast-enhanced ultrasonography (CEUS) and other imaging modalities, aiming to prevent misdiagnoses.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Thomas Bouyer, Marine Roux, Sarah Jacquemin, Marco Dioguardi Burgio, Olivier Sutter, Valerie Laurent-Croise, Julie Lonjon, Ivan Bricault, Herve Trillaud, Agnes Rode, Christophe Aube, Anita Paisant
Summary: This study compared the detection rate of arterial phase hyperenhancement (APHE) in small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) between single-AP and triple-AP phase MRI, as well as between extracellular (ECA) and hepato-specific (HBA) contrast agents. The results showed that regardless of the contrast agent used, early and middle arterial phase images were the most efficient for detecting APHE.
DIAGNOSTIC AND INTERVENTIONAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Michael Haimerl, Kirsten Utpatel, Andrea Goetz, Florian Zeman, Claudia Fellner, Dominik Nickel, Lukas Luerken, Frank Brennfleck, Christian Stroszczynski, Alexander Scheiter, Niklas Verloh
Summary: This study aimed to assess the differentiation degree of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using Gd-EOB-DTPA-assisted MRI with T1 relaxometry. The results suggest that the uptake of Gd-EOB-DTPA in HCCs correlates with tumor grade, indicating that Gd-EOB-DTPA-assisted T1 relaxometry can aid in further differentiating HCC.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Yubo Li, Xiaoyan Ni, Xinai Liu, Chun Yang, Yi Wang, Xin Lu, Changwu Zhou
Summary: The prognostic value of LI-RADS 2018 in differentiating hepatocellular carcinoma from other primary liver cancers with cirrhosis is evaluated in this study. The study retrospectively evaluated 432 patients with cirrhosis and surgically proven single primary liver cancer, and found that LI-RADS categories and tumor size are independent predictors of prognosis. Certain pathological features of liver cancer are also associated with prognosis. LI-RADS categories can independently predict the postsurgical prognosis of primary liver cancer.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jin Gu, Erlei Zhang, Binyong Liang, Zunyi Zhang, Xiaoping Chen, Min Xiong, Zhiyong Huang
Summary: In HCC patients with Child-Pugh grade A liver function, cirrhosis staging can be determined by measuring liver collagen contents using Collagen Proportional Area (CPA), which significantly affects the risk of Posthepatectomy Liver Failure (PHLF). The study also found a significant correlation between CPA and a non-invasive method called Cirrhotic Severity Scoring (CSS) proposed by the team, showing that higher CPA values and extent of hepatectomy are independent risk factors for PHLF, and there is a positive correlation between CPA and CSS.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Koya Yasukawa, Akira Shimizu, Koji Kubota, Tsuyoshi Notake, Kiyotaka Hosoda, Hikaru Hayashi, Yuji Soejima
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the impact of liver fibrosis on the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The results showed that patients with more severe liver fibrosis had worse cancer-specific prognosis. Moreover, patients with liver fibrosis had a higher incidence of multiple recurrences.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Chenxi Liu, Yan Sun, Yao Yang, Yuemin Feng, Xiaoyu Xie, Lingyu Qi, Keke Liu, Ximing Wang, Qiang Zhu, Xinya Zhao
Summary: The study showed that gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase was valuable in predicting hepatic decompensation and insufficiency for cirrhotic patients, with the relative enhancement ratio of the biliary system being a significant predictive factor.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Md. Kamrul Islam, Ah-Rum Baek, Byeong-Woo Yang, Soyeon Kim, Dong Wook Hwang, Sung-Wook Nam, Gang-Ho Lee, Yongmin Chang
Summary: A non-gadolinium alternative, Mn-NOTA-NP, was designed and synthesized as a liver-specific MRI contrast agent, showing stronger imaging effect compared to Mn-DPDP and comparable to GBCAs.
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Hanns-Christian Breit, Jan Vosshenrich, Tobias Heye, Julian Gehweiler, David Jean Winkel, Silke Potthast, Elmar Max Merkle, Daniel Tobias Boll
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the use of hepatic fat, iron, and hepatocyte-specific contrast agent quantification and relaxometry-based measurement for assessing liver fibrosis. The results show that T1 mapping-based quantification of Gd-EOB-DTPA concentrations have promising diagnostic accuracy in a multiparametric model, which could replace liver biopsy as an imaging examination.
QUANTITATIVE IMAGING IN MEDICINE AND SURGERY
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Yoshifumi Noda, Toru Tochigi, Vinit Baliyan, Hamed Kordbacheh, Avinash Kambadakone
Summary: This study evaluated the relationship between hepatobiliary phase contrast uptake patterns in liver metastases of patients with PDAC and overall survival, finding that heterogeneous contrast uptake patterns were associated with lower OS.
EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Roberto Cannella, Maxime Ronot, Riccardo Sartoris, Francois Cauchy, Christian Hobeika, Aurelie Beaufrere, Loic Trapani, Valerie Paradis, Mohamed Bouattour, Fanny Bonvalet, Valerie Vilgrain, Marco Dioguardi Burgio
Summary: This study compared the diagnostic value of contrast-enhanced CT and ECA-MRI in detecting a tumor capsule in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using histopathologic findings as reference. ECA-MRI showed higher sensitivity for detecting the tumor capsule, while CT had better specificity. Capsule enhancement was more frequently visualized on ECA-MRI, with moderate inter-reader agreement for both modalities.
DIAGNOSTIC AND INTERVENTIONAL IMAGING
(2021)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Samira Ait Abdellah, Caroline Gal, Lucrezia Laterza, Venanzio Velenza, Carlo Romano Settanni, Marco Napoli, Elisa Schiavoni, Vincenzina Mora, Valentina Petito, Antonio Gasbarrini
Summary: This study suggests that a multistrain probiotic can reduce intestinal permeability in patients with IBS-D and confirmed leaky gut, leading to improvements in abdominal pain, stool consistency, and quality of life.
DIGESTIVE DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Quirino Lai, Nicoletta De Matthaeis, Michele Finotti, Giovanni Galati, Giuseppe Marrone, Fabio Melandro, Filomena Morisco, Daniele Nicolini, Riccardo Pravisani, Edoardo G. Giannini
Summary: This study evaluates the impact of antiplatelet therapy on the incidence and mortality of hepatocellular carcinoma. The results suggest that antiplatelet therapy is associated with a reduced risk of HCC incidence and post-treatment mortality.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia Di Tommaso, Francesco Santopaolo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesca Romana Ponziani
Summary: The intestinal barrier is the first line of defense between the outside world and the intestine, and disruption can lead to increased intestinal permeability, causing intestinal and extra-intestinal diseases. The identification of a gut-vascular barrier has provided new evidence for the etiology and management of gut-liver axis and gut-brain axis diseases, with recent implications in oncology as well. The gut-brain axis is involved in neuroinflammatory processes, and the recent description of a choroid plexus vascular barrier regulating brain permeability under gut inflammation conditions identifies the endothelium as a key regulator in maintaining tissue homeostasis and health.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ilaria Trestini, Alberto Caldart, Marco Cintoni, Isabella Sperduti, Alessandro Drudi, Gregorio Aluffi, Elena Fiorio, Veronica Parolin, Valentina Zambonin, Sara Zanelli, Daniela Tregnago, Alice Avancini, Sara Pilotto, Irene Aprili, Emanuela Zandona, Mirko D'Onofrio, Maria Cristina Mele, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giovanni Scambia, Giampaolo Tortora, Michele Milella, Emilio Bria, Luisa Carbognin
Summary: This study evaluated the changes in body composition during neoadjuvant chemotherapy and its association with pathologic complete response and survival outcome in patients treated for operable locally advanced breast cancer.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vincenzo Zaccone, Luca Santoro, Emanuele Guerrieri, Ilaria Diblasi, Ilaria Roncarati, Giovanna Viticchi, Pietro Vecchiarelli, Angelo Santoliquido, Francesca Fiore, Alessio Molfino, Francesco Landi, Gianluca Moroncini, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maurizio Muscaritoli, Lorenzo Falsetti, SINuC
Summary: The implementation of long-term parenteral nutrition often requires central venous access, which carries a considerable risk of catheter-related venous thrombosis. The prevention and treatment of this condition in patients undergoing long-term parenteral nutrition is a gray area in the literature, with few randomized controlled clinical trials and a generally low level of evidence. The Italian Society of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism conducted a narrative review and Delphi consensus to provide practical recommendations for the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of catheter-related venous thrombosis in these patients.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jenny Lee, Max Westphal, Yasaman Vali, Jerome Boursier, Salvatorre Petta, Rachel Ostroff, Leigh Alexander, Yu Chen, Celine Fournier, Andreas Geier, Sven Francque, Kristy Wonders, Dina Tiniakos, Pierre Bedossa, Mike Allison, Georgios Papatheodoridis, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Raluca Pais, Jean-Francois Dufour, Diana Julie Leeming, Stephen Harrison, Jeremy Cobbold, Adriaan G. Holleboom, Hannele Yki-Jarvinen, Javier Crespo, Mattias Ekstedt, Guruprasad P. Aithal, Elisabetta Bugianesi, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Richard Torstenson, Morten Karsdal, Carla Yunis, Joern M. Schattenberg, Detlef Schuppan, Vlad Ratziu, Clifford Brass, Kevin Duffin, Koos Zwinderman, Michael Pavlides, Quentin M. Anstee, Patrick M. Bossuyt, LITMUS Investigators
Summary: Detection of NASH and at-risk NASH can be improved by constructing independent machine learning models for each component, using only clinical predictors. Adding biomarkers only improved the accuracy of fibrosis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Maria Elena Ainora, Lucia Cerrito, Antonio Liguori, Irene Mignini, Angela De Luca, Linda Galasso, Matteo Garcovich, Laura Riccardi, Francesca Ponziani, Francesco Santopaolo, Maurizio Pompili, Antonio Gasbarrini, Maria Assunta Zocco
Summary: A correct differentiation between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and intracellular cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) is essential but challenging. Dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (D-CEUS) and shear wave elastography (SWE) can provide valuable information for accurate diagnosis. A multiparametric ultrasound (MP-US) score based on D-CEUS and SWE parameters showed high accuracy in distinguishing ICC from HCC, potentially reducing the need for liver biopsy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Dan Dumitrascu, Igor Bakulin, Annalisa Berzigotti, Marilia Cravo, Laura Gombosova, Milan Lukas, Anna Pietrzak, Jose Maria Remes-Troche, Manuel Romero-Gomez, Mercedes Amieva Balmori, Tiago Curdia Goncalves, Lamine Hamzaoui, Radovan Juricek, Leticia Moreira, Katarzyna Neubauer, Teodora Surdea-Blaga, Igor N. Tikhonov, Jan Trna, Gianluca Ianiro, Francesca Romana Ponziani, Antonio Gasbarrini
Summary: Various environmental factors can lead to gut microbial imbalance and the development of diseases. Hepatic encephalopathy, irritable bowel syndrome, and diverticular disease are all related to dysfunction of the gut-liver-brain axis, but the pathophysiology differs for each condition.
JOURNAL OF GASTROINTESTINAL AND LIVER DISEASES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Gianfranco Di Giuseppe, Gea Ciccarelli, Laura Soldovieri, Umberto Capece, Chiara M. A. Cefalo, Simona Moffa, Enrico C. Nista, Michela Brunetti, Francesca Cinti, Antonio Gasbarrini, Alfredo Pontecorvi, Andrea Giaccari, Teresa Mezza
Summary: Our work aims to investigate the role of the first-phase insulin secretion in the natural history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its relationship with insulin resistance and beta cell function and mass. We explore the impact of impaired secretion on glucose homeostasis and emphasize the significance of postmeal hyperglycemia in disease management. Additionally, we review dietary and pharmacological approaches to improve early secretory defects and restore residual beta cell function, as well as discuss possible methods to detect early secretory defects in clinical practice.
TRENDS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Elisabetta Sforza, Domenico Limongelli, Valentina Giorgio, Gaia Margiotta, Francesco Proli, Eliza Maria Kuczynska, Chiara Leoni, Donato Rigante, Ilaria Contaldo, Chiara Veredice, Emanuele Rinninella, Antonio Gasbarrini, Giuseppe Zampino, Roberta Onesimo
Summary: This study aimed to describe and quantify the impact of blenderized tube feeding (BTF) on gastrointestinal symptoms in children and adults. The results showed that gastrointestinal symptoms improved after consuming BTF, with a decrease of 30-50% in gagging and retching for children and similar improvement rates for constipation and diarrhea in most critically ill adults.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Andrea Piccioni, Federico Rosa, Sergio Mannucci, Federica Manca, Giuseppe Merra, Sabrina Chiloiro, Marcello Candelli, Marcello Covino, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi
Summary: This article focuses on the relationship between alterations in the gut microbiome and the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus and LADA, based on the latest evidence. It discusses the crucial role of the gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of these disorders and explores how modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation can lead to potential therapeutic strategies.
Review
Cell Biology
Federica Di Vincenzo, Ylenia Yadid, Valentina Petito, Valeria Emoli, Letizia Masi, Daniela Gerovska, Marcos Jesus Arauzo-Bravo, Antonio Gasbarrini, Birgitte Regenberg, Franco Scaldaferri
Summary: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), including Crohn's Disease (CD) and Ulcerative Colitis (UC), are chronic disorders affecting the gastrointestinal tract. The etiology and pathogenesis of IBD are still unknown, but recent studies suggest a potential role of cell-free DNAs (cfDNAs) and extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) in IBD. This review aims to collect and summarize available knowledge on cfDNAs, eccDNA, and their involvement in the pathogenesis of IBD. Potential molecular therapies and drug delivery systems for IBD treatment, such as nanoparticles, are also discussed.
Article
Emergency Medicine
Marcello Candelli, Giulia Pignataro, Marta Sacco Fernandez, Sara Cicchinelli, Antonio Gulli, Enrico Torelli, Maurizio Gabrielli, Andrea Piccioni, Marcello Covino, Veronica Ojetti, Massimo Antonelli, Antonio Gasbarrini, Francesco Franceschi
Summary: This study aims to evaluate clinical and laboratory indicators associated with mortality and determine a prognostic score based on these variables. A score called ANCOC (Age, blood urea Nitrogen, C-reactive protein, Oxygen saturation, Comorbidities) was created to predict the risk of death in COVID-19 patients. The ANCOC score showed high diagnostic accuracy in predicting mortality.
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Remo Poto, Gianluca Laniro, Amato de Paulis, Giuseppe Spadaro, Gianni Marone, Antonio Gasbarrini, Gilda Varricchi
Summary: Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a primary immunodeficiency characterized by low immunoglobulin levels and susceptibility to infections, autoimmune disorders, and cancer. The exact cause of CVID is unknown, but there is evidence supporting a link between the gut microbiome and CVID pathogenesis. This suggests that microbiome-based treatments, such as diet, prebiotics, probiotics, postbiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation, could be potential therapeutic approaches for CVID.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Surgery
Jasper P. Sijberden, Federica Cipriani, Jacopo Lanari, Nadia Russolillo, Andrea Benedetti Cacciaguerra, Daniel Osei-Bordom, Simone Conci, Burak Gorgec, John N. Primrose, Bjorn Edwin, Santi Lopez-Ben, Mathieu D'Hondt, Fernando Rotellar, Marc G. Besselink, Ibrahim Dagher, Felice Giuliante, David Fuks, Renzo Rozzini, Andrea Ruzzenente, Robert P. Sutcliffe, Marco Vivarelli, Alessandro Ferrero, Umberto Cillo, Luca A. Aldrighetti, Mohammad Abu Hilal
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2023)