Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sophie Bogler, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, David M. Bell, Andre S. H. Prevot, Imad El Haddad, Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
Summary: This study investigates the spatiotemporal distribution of singlet-state oxygen (1O2) in organic aerosols (OA) through analyzing PM10 extracts in two locations in Switzerland. The results show that 1O2 concentration exhibits a seasonal variation, with a peak in wintertime. Biomass burning and anthropogenic secondary OA are identified as the main drivers for 1O2 formation. Furthermore, an empirical fit is developed to estimate 1O2 concentrations based on PM10 components.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Sophie Bogler, Kaspar R. Daellenbach, David M. Bell, Andre S. H. Prevot, Imad El Haddad, Nadine Borduas-Dedekind
Summary: The first excited state of molecular oxygen, singlet-state oxygen (1O2), is formed by indirect photochemistry of chromophoric organic matter. In this study, the spatiotemporal distribution of 1O2 in PM10 extracts from two locations in Switzerland was investigated. The results showed that 1O2 concentrations exhibited a seasonality, with the highest concentration observed in wintertime. Biomass burning and anthropogenic secondary organic aerosols were identified as the main drivers for 1O2 formation. The amount and chemical composition of brown carbon in PM10 impacted the concentration of sensitized 1O2 in each extract. An empirical fit was developed to estimate 1O2 concentrations based on PM10 components, providing a method to estimate 1O2 using existing source apportionment data.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Manabu Shiraiwa, Ulrich Poeschl
Summary: The study introduces an effective mass accommodation coefficient that considers the penetration depth into the particle phase, addressing key issues in the gas-particle partitioning of organic compounds in secondary organic aerosols (SOA).
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dagen D. Hughes, Megan B. Christiansen, Alissa Milani, Michael P. Vermeuel, Gordon A. Novak, Hariprasad D. Alwe, Angela F. Dickens, R. Bradley Pierce, Dylan B. Millet, Timothy H. Bertram, Charles O. Stanier, Elizabeth A. Stone
Summary: The Lake Michigan Ozone Study conducted in 2017 aimed to understand the sources contributing to ozone and fine particles along the Lake Michigan coast. The study found that different weather patterns during high ozone periods affected the regional characteristics of PM2.5. The research also highlighted the importance of anthropogenic sulfate emissions and aerosol acidity on secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Naihua Chen, Jianyong You, Jie Huang, Yuxiang Yang, Haoran Lin, Xin Qi, Xiaoxiao Chen, Yushan Yang, Baoye Hu
Summary: A four-season observation of PM2.5-bound SOA tracers was conducted on a coastal island in southeastern China to better understand the formation and characteristics of SOA in coastal areas. The study found that the total concentrations of SOA tracers were higher in the fall and summer compared to spring and winter. The highest concentration among the tracers was observed for the tracer of biomass burning, followed by tracers from isoprene, alpha/beta pinene, beta-caryophyllene, and toluene.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiangyao Chen, Jiani Li, Xiaoyan Chen, Jianwei Gu, Taicheng An
Summary: This study investigates the interconversion between monocarbonyls and dicarbonyls and their role in the production of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) during the photochemical oxidation of aromatic hydrocarbons. The results show that the formation of monocarbonyls leads to a decrease in SOA production, while the presence of OH radicals affects the balance of photolysis and influences SOA formation. These interconversion reactions play a significant role in reducing SOA production.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Mithlesh Mahilang, Manas Kanti Deb, Shamsh Pervez
Summary: The review discusses the atmospheric reaction mechanism of BVOCs and the formation of secondary organic aerosols, highlighting differences between day and night in SOA formation. Daytime SOA formation is dominated by OH and O-3, while nighttime formation is dominated by NOx. Analytical techniques like 2D-GC/MS are essential for studying organic aerosols, and radiative forcing SOA is a useful parameter for evaluating environmental impacts.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Emily Awuor Ouma, Helga Huszar, Laszlo Horvath, Gabor Szabo, Csaba Janaky, Zoltan Bozoki
Summary: In this work, a near-infrared diode laser-based photoacoustic system was used to achieve quasi-simultaneous measurement of 14NH3 and 15NH3 concentrations. By selecting appropriate wavelengths and using fast tuning methods, sensitive detection was achieved while avoiding interference.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Xinke Wang, Rachel Gemayel, Vahe J. Baboomian, Kangwei Li, Antoinette Boreave, Clement Dubois, Sophie Tomaz, Sebastien Perrier, Sergey A. Nizkorodov, Christian George
Summary: The study showed that in the photosensitizing process of SOA, the addition of d-limonene and beta-pinene gases can increase the size of aerosol particles, and photosensitized production of sulfate can occur. The dark and photochemical pathways exhibit different trends with RH, revealing different contributions from bulk and surface chemistry.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Yangzhou Wu, Dantong Liu, Ping Tian, Jiujiang Sheng, Quan Liu, Ruijie Li, Kang Hu, Xiaotong Jiang, Siyuan Li, Kai Bi, Delong Zhao, Mengyu Huang, Deping Ding, Junfeng Wang
Summary: Secondary particulate matter has adverse effects on air quality and human health. The production or reaction rate of secondary aerosols is influenced by diverse emissions and meteorological conditions. This study found that primary organic aerosols and volatile organic compounds from traffic sources are important contributors to secondary aerosol formation. The feedback effects between radiation and moisture alter the formation mechanism of secondary aerosols.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
J. F. Brewer, D. J. Jacob, S. H. Jathar, Y. He, A. Akherati, S. Zhai, D. S. Jo, A. Hodzic, B. A. Nault, P. Campuzano-Jost, J. L. Jimenez, R. J. Park, Y. J. Oak, H. Liao
Summary: We propose a new Volatility Basis Set (VBS) representation for aromatic Secondary Organic Aerosol (SOA) and apply it to atmospheric chemistry models. Our scheme was able to simulate the observations of organic aerosol (OA) from the KORUS-AQ field campaign better than the default schemes used in GEOS-Chem, showing improved representation of vertical profiles, diurnal cycle, and partitioning between hydrocarbon-like OA and oxidized OA. Our results confirm the significant contributions of oxidized primary OA, aromatic SOA, and semi- and intermediate volatile organic compounds (S/IVOCs) to the OA budget in South Korea.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Karen Ballesteros-Gonzalez, lez a Sebastian Orlando Espitia-Cano, Maria Alejandra Rincon-Caro, Juan Manuel Rincon-Riveros, Maria Paula Perez-Pena, Amy Sullivan, Ricardo Morales Betancourt
Summary: This study focuses on organic aerosol and its sources in the city of Bogota, Colombia. By analyzing chemical speciation data and using a regional transport model, the researchers were able to determine the different sources of organic aerosol during different seasons and regions.
ATMOSPHERIC ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Asma Grira, Maria Antinolo, Andre Canosa, Alexandre Tomas, Elena Jimenez, Gisele El Dib
Summary: The gas-phase reaction between trans-2-pentenal (T2P) and Cl atoms was investigated using different simulation chambers, with a rate coefficient obtained and products identified and quantified. The formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) was explored, showing peak yields at high particle mass concentrations. The study provides insights into the reaction mechanism and atmospheric implications of Cl atom reactions with T2P.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew D. Wright, James C. Matthews, Dudley E. Shallcross
Summary: Corona ions from high voltage power lines can affect the local atmospheric electrical environment by increasing the electrostatic charge on airborne particulates. Previous studies have attempted to assess this hypothesis using proxies, such as ion concentration or distance from the power lines, rather than directly measuring aerosol charge state. In this study, a quasi-1D model incorporating plume dynamics and ion-aerosol and ion-ion interactions is developed to enhance future research on charged aerosol near high voltage power lines.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Matthew D. Wright, Alison J. Buckley, James C. Matthews, Dudley E. Shallcross, Denis L. Henshaw
Summary: There is a possibility that corona ions from high voltage power lines can increase the electrostatic charge on airborne pollutant particles, which may lead to an increased dose upon inhalation. However, most high voltage power lines do not significantly increase the charge magnitude, except for specific types that can increase net charge up to 15 times that of background levels. Rainfall can cause charge alteration comparable to the most extreme high voltage power lines measurement. Based on current evidence, it is unlikely that increased lung deposition will occur, considering the current adult lung model.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mackenzie B. Humes, Mingyi Wang, Sunhye Kim, Jo E. Machesky, Drew R. Gentner, Allen L. Robinson, Neil M. Donahue, Albert A. Presto
Summary: The study finds that aromatic compounds are the main contributors to secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation from volatile chemical products (VCPs), while ether and ester functional groups hinder the autoxidation process. Therefore, reducing the use of oxygenated aromatic compounds in VCPs may help decrease the generation of SOA in urban areas.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mingyi Wang, Mao Xiao, Barbara Bertozzi, Guillaume Marie, Birte Rorup, Benjamin Schulze, Roman Bardakov, Xu-Cheng He, Jiali Shen, Wiebke Scholz, Ruby Marten, Lubna Dada, Rima Baalbaki, Brandon Lopez, Houssni Lamkaddam, Hanna E. Manninen, Antonio Amorim, Farnoush Ataei, Pia Bogert, Zoe Brasseur, Lucia Caudillo, Louis-Philippe De Menezes, Jonathan Duplissy, Annica M. L. Ekman, Henning Finkenzeller, Loic Gonzalez Carracedo, Manuel Granzin, Roberto Guida, Martin Heinritzi, Victoria Hofbauer, Kristina Hohler, Kimmo Korhonen, Jordan E. Krechmer, Andreas Kuerten, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Naser G. A. Mahfouz, Vladimir Makhmutov, Dario Massabo, Serge Mathot, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Tatjana Muller, Antti Onnela, Tuukka Petaja, Maxim Philippov, Ana A. Piedehierro, Andrea Pozzer, Ananth Ranjithkumar, Meredith Schervish, Siegfried Schobesberger, Mario Simon, Yuri Stozhkov, Antonio Tome, Nsikanabasi Silas Umo, Franziska Vogel, Robert Wagner, Dongyu S. Wang, Stefan K. Weber, Andre Welti, Yusheng Wu, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Mikko Sipila, Paul M. Winkler, Armin Hansel, Urs Baltensperger, Markku Kulmala, Richard C. Flagan, Joachim Curtius, Ilona Riipinen, Hamish Gordon, Jos Lelieveld, Imad El-Haddad, Rainer Volkamer, Douglas R. Worsnop, Theodoros Christoudias, Jasper Kirkby, Ottmar Moehler, Neil M. Donahue
Summary: This article investigates the importance of new particle formation in the upper free troposphere on the global cloud condensation nuclei. The study finds that nitric acid, sulfuric acid, and ammonia synergistically form particles at rates much faster than any two of the three components. The study also reveals that co-condensation of ammonia and nitric acid alone can drive the rapid growth of particles to cloud condensation nuclei sizes with trace amounts of sulfate. Additionally, the study shows that these cloud condensation nuclei are highly efficient ice nucleating particles.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wei Nie, Chao Yan, Dan Dan Huang, Zhe Wang, Yuliang Liu, Xiaohui Qiao, Yishuo Guo, Linhui Tian, Penggang Zheng, Zhengning Xu, Yuanyuan Li, Zheng Xu, Ximeng Qi, Peng Sun, Jiaping Wang, Feixue Zheng, Xiaoxiao Li, Rujing Yin, Kaspar R. Dallenbach, Federico Bianchi, Tuukka Petaja, Yanjun Zhang, Mingyi Wang, Meredith Schervish, Sainan Wang, Liping Qiao, Qian Wang, Min Zhou, Hongli Wang, Chuan Yu, Dawen Yao, Hai Guo, Penglin Ye, Shuncheng Lee, Yong Jie Li, Yongchun Liu, Xuguang Chi, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Mikael Ehn, Neil M. Donahue, Tao Wang, Cheng Huang, Markku Kulmala, Douglas Worsnop, Jingkun Jiang, Aijun Ding
Summary: The formation of secondary organic aerosol in Chinese megacities is primarily driven by the condensation of anthropogenic organic vapours, specifically low-volatility organic vapours. The irreversible condensation of these anthropogenic oxygenated organic molecules significantly contributes to the production of secondary organic aerosols. Coordinated measurements across different urbanized regions in China indicate that the distribution and formation pathways of oxygenated organic molecules are similar, suggesting that uniform mitigation strategies could be effective in addressing air pollution issues in these highly populated city clusters.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yumeng Wang, Zedong Wang, Jingzhi Wang, Runyu Wang, Xinxin Ding, Neil McPherson Donahue, Zhibao Dong, Ge Ma, Yongming Han, Junji Cao
Summary: This study compared the health risks of Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) based on different toxic equivalent factors (TEFs) and focused on the occupancy probability (OP) in polluted areas. The results showed significant differences in calculations using different TEFs and also when considering OP or not. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the cancer slope factor had the greatest impact on health risk assessment during heating periods. The study highlights the importance of establishing correlations between pollution levels and health risks.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Runlong Cai, Rujing Yin, Chao Yan, Dongsen Yang, Chenjuan Deng, Lubna Dada, Juha Kangasluoma, Jenni Kontkanen, Roope Halonen, Yan Ma, Xiuhui Zhang, Pauli Paasonen, Tuukka Petaja, Veli-Matti Kerminen, Yongchun Liu, Federico Bianchi, Jun Zheng, Lin Wang, Jiming Hao, James N. Smith, Neil M. Donahue, Markku Kulmala, Douglas R. Worsnop, Jingkun Jiang
Summary: Forming (H2SO4)(1)(amine)(1) clusters is the rate-limiting step in atmospheric H2SO4-amine nucleation, and amines exist in the smallest atmospheric sulfuric acid clusters. This mechanism is highly consistent with new particle formation in urban Beijing.
NATIONAL SCIENCE REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zedong Wang, Runyu Wang, Jingzhi Wang, Yumeng Wang, Neil McPherson Donahue, Rongzhi Tang, Zhibao Dong, Xiaoping Li, Lijun Wang, Yongming Han, Junji Cao
Summary: Xi'an, as an important central city in western China, has taken many measures to improve air quality in recent years. This study monitored PM2.5 samples in Xi'an from 2017 to 2018 and assessed the air quality by analyzing organic carbon, elemental carbon, water soluble ions, and elements. The results showed that PM2.5 concentration in Xi'an was highest in winter and lowest in summer. The study also found strong secondary generation of sulfate and nitrate in spring, and formation of secondary organic carbon in all seasons. The composition of PM2.5 changed significantly during sandstorms and the Spring Festival, with different pollution sources contributing to PM2.5 in different events.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yunliang Zhao, Daniel S. Tkacik, Andrew A. May, Neil M. Donahue, Allen L. Robinson
Summary: By analyzing ambient and emissions data, it has been found that mobile sources make a significant contribution to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in the Los Angeles region from 2009 to 2019. Despite the improvements in air quality, the reduction in organic aerosol (OA) concentrations has not been as significant as primary pollutants. It is suggested that reducing emissions from mobile sources will lead to further improvements in atmospheric SOA and PM2.5 mass in the Los Angeles region.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luke W. Monroe, Jack S. Johnson, Howard B. Gutstein, John P. Lawrence, Keith Lejeune, Ryan C. Sullivan, Coty N. Jen
Summary: This study presents the design of a low-cost plastic enclosure to reduce aerosol spread and viral transmission during medical procedures. The enclosure received positive feedback from medical providers for its ease of use and design. It effectively reduces the concentration of escaped aerosol particles and provides guidelines for the appropriate use time.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Henning Finkenzeller, Siddharth Iyer, Xu-Cheng He, Mario Simon, Theodore K. Koenig, Christopher F. Lee, Rashid Valiev, Victoria Hofbauer, Antonio Amorim, Rima Baalbaki, Andrea Baccarini, Lisa Beck, David M. Bell, Lucia Caudillo, Dexian Chen, Randall Chiu, Biwu Chu, Lubna Dada, Jonathan Duplissy, Martin Heinritzi, Deniz Kemppainen, Changhyuk Kim, Jordan Krechmer, Andreas Kurten, Alexandr Kvashnin, Houssni Lamkaddam, Chuan Ping Lee, Katrianne Lehtipalo, Zijun Li, Vladimir Makhmutov, Hanna E. Manninen, Guillaume Marie, Ruby Marten, Roy L. Mauldin, Bernhard Mentler, Tatjana Muller, Tuukka Petaja, Maxim Philippov, Ananth Ranjithkumar, Birte Rorup, Jiali Shen, Dominik Stolzenburg, Christian Tauber, Yee Jun Tham, Antonio Tome, Miguel Vazquez-Pufleau, Andrea C. Wagner, Dongyu S. Wang, Mingyi Wang, Yonghong Wang, Stefan K. Weber, Wei Nie, Yusheng Wu, Mao Xiao, Qing Ye, Marcel Zauner-Wieczorek, Armin Hansel, Urs Baltensperger, Jerome Brioude, Joachim Curtius, Neil M. Donahue, Imad El Haddad, Richard C. Flagan, Markku Kulmala, Jasper Kirkby, Mikko Sipila, Douglas R. Worsnop, Theo Kurten, Matti Rissanen, Rainer Volkamer
Summary: Iodine is an active trace element in atmospheric chemistry that can destroy ozone and form particles. Its emissions have increased threefold since 1950 and are expected to continue rising. In laboratory experiments, iodooxy hypoiodite (IOIO) was shown to efficiently convert into iodic acid (HIO3) via reactions IOIO + O-3 -> IOIO4 and IOIO4 + H2O -> HIO3 + HOI + O-(1)(2). This laboratory-derived mechanism explains field observations of daytime HIO3 in the remote lower free troposphere and suggests a catalytic role of iodine in aerosol formation.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bailey B. Bowers, Joel A. Thornton, Ryan C. Sullivan
Summary: This study investigates the use of iodide time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometry (iodide-ToF-CIMS) for the online characterization of various PFAS compounds in the atmosphere. The researchers successfully measured different PFAS compounds in both gas and aerosol phases using various sample introduction methods. The study also sheds light on the behavior of PFAS compounds during chemical ionization, providing a more fundamental understanding of these compounds. The results demonstrate the potential of iodide-ToF-CIMS for online measurement of nonvolatile PFAS compounds in aerosols.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Bailey B. B. Bowers, Zimo Lou, Jiang Xu, Amila O. O. De Silva, Xinhua Xu, Gregory V. V. Lowry, Ryan C. C. Sullivan
Summary: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in consumer applications and are found in drinking water, posing a threat to human health. Reduction via the hydrated electron is a promising technology for PFAS remediation, but previous studies often lack fluorine atom balances and rely on suspect screening. In this study, non-target analysis was performed on PFAS solutions treated with UV/sulfite, revealing unexpected transformation products and the need for further investigation.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-PROCESSES & IMPACTS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mackenzie B. Humes, Jo E. Machesky, Sunhye Kim, Oladayo J. Oladeji, Drew R. Gentner, Neil M. Donahue, Albert A. Presto
Summary: Asphalt, commonly found in cities, can emit primary and secondary organic aerosols. The emission rate and composition depend on temperature, and emissions have been observed at both application temperatures and warm surface temperatures. Primary organic aerosols only form at application temperature, while secondary organic aerosols form under both conditions. Both types of aerosols are semi-volatile. Passive asphalt heating can also lead to the formation of secondary organic aerosols, making it a potential long-term source of summertime aerosols in urban environments.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jani Hakala, Neil M. Donahue
Summary: The pressure dependence of carbonyl oxide (Criegee intermediate) stabilization can be measured using chemical ionization mass spectrometry. By conducting experiments at different pressures, the pressure dependence of the stabilization can be determined.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xiaohui Qiao, Xiaoxiao Li, Chao Yan, Nina Sarnela, Rujing Yin, Yishuo Guo, Lei Yao, Wei Nie, Dandan Huang, Zhe Wang, Federico Bianchi, Yongchun Liu, Neil M. M. Donahue, Markku Kulmala, Jingkun Jiang
Summary: This study demonstrates the usefulness of machine learning in attributing atmospheric oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) to their precursors. The model is trained and tested using chemical indicators and applied to analyze OOMs in Beijing and a boreal forest environment in Finland.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
William D. Fahy, Elena C. Maters, Rona Giese Miranda, Michael P. Adams, Leif G. Jahn, Ryan C. Sullivan, Benjamin J. Murray
Summary: Volcanic ash can nucleate ice in supercooled water droplets, influencing weather and climate. However, the effects of aqueous chemical aging on the ice-nucleating activity (INA) of volcanic ash have not been explored. This study shows that the INA of two mineralogically distinct ash samples is variably reduced following immersion in water or aqueous sulfuric acid. Aging in water decreases the INA by up to two orders of magnitude, possibly due to a reduction in surface crystallinity and cation availability accompanying leaching. Aging in sulfuric acid leads to minimal loss of INA for one ash sample, while reducing the INA by one to two orders of magnitude for another ash sample. Analysis of dissolved element concentrations in the aged ash leachates shows supersaturation of certain mineral species which could have altered the INA of the ash. These results highlight the importance of leaching, dissolution, and precipitation in the aqueous aging of volcanic ash and its role in influencing cloud properties in the atmosphere.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
