Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Chao Xie, Yuxiang Jiang, Zhiwen Zhu, Shanjin Huang, Wei Li, Guangshuo Ou
Summary: The evolutionarily conserved coronin family protein POD-1 debranches Arp2/3-nucleated actin filaments in migrating neuroblasts and asymmetrically dividing embryos, contributing to cell polarity and migration. Fluorescence live imaging analysis revealed POD-1 colocalization with Arp2/3 at the leading edge of neuroblasts, indicating their synergistic role in organizing actin networks and cell polarity. Conditional mutations of POD-1 disrupted actin assembly, cell polarity, and migration, highlighting the importance of F-actin debranching in regulating these cellular processes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Alejandra Valdivia, Charity Duran, Mingyoung Lee, Holly C. Williams, Moo-Yeol Lee, Alejandra San Martin
Summary: Cell migration is crucial for biological and pathological processes. Establishing cell polarity and forming a single lamellipodium at the leading edge is important for efficient directional cell migration. Nox1 deficiency affects cell polarity and lamellipodium formation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Chun-Yu Liu, Yun-Xuan Zhang, I Lin
Summary: We experimentally demonstrate the two-stage structural and slowing-down percolating transitions in dilute cancer cell monolayers and investigate their effects on collective cell dynamics. The increase in cell density leads to the formation of cell clusters and slower cell motion, while the crowding of cells in occupied regions further enhances the dynamical slowing-down.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Patricia Costa, Liisa M. Blowes, Ana C. Laly, John T. Connelly
Summary: The study demonstrates that adhesive cues from the extracellular matrix guide collective epithelial polarity and migration, depending on adherens junctions and microtubules. Disruption of the microtubule network blocks collective polarization and inhibits directed migration of epithelial cells according to pre-established polarity.
ACTA BIOMATERIALIA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Aleksi Isomursu, Jonna Alanko, Sara Hernandez-Perez, Karla Saukkonen, Markku Saari, Pieta K. Mattila, Johanna Ivaska
Summary: Cells adopt variable shapes and sizes, which are biologically important. Micropatterning is a powerful tool for controlling cell shape and interactions. However, conventional micropatterns fail to address dynamic changes in cell behavior. In this study, a method for dynamic micropatterning is reported, which allows specific cell-matrix interactions and simultaneous imaging of cells. The technique is simple, inexpensive, and compatible with a wide range of ligands. The results reveal distinct control of cell polarity and migration on different extracellular matrix components.
Review
Cell Biology
Jan Schick, Erez Raz
Summary: In the context of cell development, migration, and pathological conditions, cells commonly form protrusions called blebs. The inflation of blebs depends on actomyosin contraction, and they play an important role in cell locomotion. Different cells produce different forms of protrusions, with blebs being one of them.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
K. Eroume, A. Vasilevich, S. Vermeulen, J. de Boer, A. Carlier
Summary: The distribution of active Cdc42 in cells is influenced by both cell shape and Cdc42-related (in)activation parameters, leading to a potential phenomenon of reverse polarization. The findings enhance understanding of the role of cell shape in intracellular signaling.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Isha M. Datye, Alwin Daus, Ryan W. Grady, Kevin Brenner, Sam Vaziri, Eric Pop
Summary: Strain can significantly enhance the electron mobility of two-dimensional semiconductors, which is crucial for applications such as flexible strain sensors.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yanan Wang, Giovanni Chiappetta, Raphael Guerois, Yijun Liu, Stephane Romero, Daniel J. Boesch, Matthias Krause, Claire A. Dessalles, Avin Babataheri, Abdul I. Barakat, Baoyu Chen, Joelle Vinh, Anna Polesskaya, Alexis M. Gautreau
Summary: The RAC1-WAVE-Arp2/3 signaling pathway generates branched actin networks that power lamellipodium protrusion of migrating cells. PPP2R1A is a protein that associates with the WAVE complex subunit ABI1 when RAC1 is activated and branched actin generation is blocked. PPP2R1A interacts with the WAVE Shell Complex at the lamellipodial edge and is required for migration persistence and RAC1-dependent actin polymerization. Mutations in PPP2R1A impair WAVE Shell Complex binding and migration regulation, suggesting its essential role in cell migration.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Agoston G. Nagy, Inna Szekacs, Attila Bonyar, Robert Horvath
Summary: This study successfully observed and quantified the invasiveness of cancer cells using digital holographic microscopy. The invasion speed of cancer cells was found to have a linear relationship with cell migration capability.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Aashrith Saraswathibhatla, Jun Zhang, Jacob Notbohm
Summary: The study reveals that coordination of cell contraction and expansion requires transfer of cell tension over space and ERK-mediated coordination between cell area and contraction in time. Experimental results are consistent with the hypothesis.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Pedrom Zadeh, Brian A. Camley
Summary: This study investigates the outcome of cell collisions and finds that the speed and contact angle of cells have an impact on the result. Cells with higher speed and smaller contact angle are more likely to maintain their direction upon collision. Two different models are proposed to explain the cell-cell interactions and both are consistent with experimental results. The models can be distinguished by varying the cell contact angle and speed through orthogonal perturbations.
Review
Cell Biology
Anne Aalto, Adan Olguin-Olguin, Erez Raz
Summary: This article discusses the migration mechanism of zebrafish primordial germ cells during embryonic development, which involves a bleb-driven amoeboid migration mode controlled by chemical and physical cues.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adolfo Otero Fumega, Josu Diego, Victor Pardo, Santiago Blanco-Canosa, Ion Errea
Summary: In this study, nonperturbative anharmonic phonon calculations were performed to investigate monolayer VSe2. It was found that monolayer VSe2 exhibits two independent charge density wave (CDW) orders that compete with each other under strain. Even slight variations in the lattice parameter are sufficient to stabilize one of the CDW orders. Additionally, the impact of external Lennard-Jones interactions was analyzed, revealing their ability to suppress the CDW orders in conjunction with anharmonicity. These findings resolve previous experimental contradictions and highlight the high tunability and substrate dependency of the CDW orders in monolayer VSe2.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Carles Blanch-Mercader, Pau Guillamat, Aurelien Roux, Karsten Kruse
Summary: Researchers used principles of liquid crystal physics to determine material parameters of cell monolayers and studied steady-state mechanical patterns at integer topological defects using an active polar fluid description. They demonstrated how topological defects can be utilized to fully characterize the mechanical properties of biological active matter.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Claire C. Beauchesne, Morgan Chabanon, Benjamin Smaniotto, Benoit Ladoux, Benoit Goyeau, Bertrand David
TISSUE ENGINEERING AND REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2020)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
S. Tlili, M. Durande, C. Gay, B. Ladoux, F. Graner, H. Delanoe-Ayari
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2020)
News Item
Physics, Multidisciplinary
M. -A. Fardin, B. Ladoux
Summary: A class of biological matter, including elongated cells and filaments, can be described in the context of active nematic liquid crystals. Within these systems, topological defects emerge and lead to remarkable collective behaviors.
Article
Oncology
Adrien Moreau, Jean-Baptiste Reisqs, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Marion Pierre, Alexandre Janin, Antoine Deliniere, Francis Bessiere, Albano C. Meli, Azzouz Charrabi, Estele Lafont, Camille Valla, Delphine Bauer, Elodie Morel, Vincent Gache, Gilles Millat, Xavier Nissan, Adele Faucherre, Chris Jopling, Sylvain Richard, Alexandre Mejat, Philippe Chevalier
Summary: This study investigated the early electrical myogenic signature of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) in a patient with a DSC2 gene mutation. Results showed abnormal repolarization dynamics in ACM patients and a short QT interval. The study confirmed a myogenic origin of ACM electrical instability and suggested the use of class 1 and 3 antiarrhythmic drugs in ACM patients with increased ventricular repolarization reserve.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Tess Homan, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Albano C. Meli, Olivier Cazorla, Csilla Gergely, Alexandre Mejat, Philippe Chevalier, Adrien Moreau
Summary: Studying cardiomyocytes derived from stem cells is important and requires robust tools for characterization and analysis. The developed MATLAB toolbox can provide accurate cellular morphology parameters and values for contractile cell organization.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Abbas Mgharbel, Camille Migdal, Nicolas Bouchonville, Paul Dupenloup, David Fuard, Eline Lopez-Soler, Caterina Tomba, Marie Courcon, Danielle Gulino-Debrac, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Alice Nicolas
Summary: Cell rigidity sensing is a basic cellular process that allows cells to adapt to mechanical cues by adjusting the level of stress. Researchers have developed an efficient method to design micron-scale stiffness patterns and a surface coating protocol to tune the density of adhesion proteins, providing tools for cells to exert force on their surroundings. These findings enhance our understanding of the contribution of stiffness alterations in diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Tess Homan, Sylvain Monnier, Cecile Jebane, Alice Nicolas, Helene Delanoe-Ayari
Summary: This paper presents an automated Fourier-based analysis technique for determining cell size and distribution in 3D biological tissues. The technique shows promising results in accurately measuring cell size with a reduced number of cells and depth images.
EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E
(2022)
Article
Biology
Amelie Luise Godeau, Marco Leoni, Jordi Comelles, Tristan Guyomar, Michele Lieb, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Albrecht Ott, Sebastien Harlepp, Pierre Sens, Daniel Riveline
Summary: Directional cell locomotion requires symmetry breaking between the front and rear of the cell. However, in some cells, especially in 3D matrices, the front and back of the cell exhibit competing protrusion/retraction dynamics, making it elusive how symmetry breaking occurs. This study reveals that cells embedded in a 3D matrix form myosin-driven force dipoles at both sides of the nucleus, periodically pinching the matrix and breaking temporal symmetry to achieve directed motion.
Article
Developmental Biology
Sham L. Tlili, Francois Graner, Heprimelene Delanoe-Ayari
Summary: This study presents experiments using microfluidic channels and two-photon microscopy to measure the viscoelastic properties of 3D tissues and study intracellular and intercellular events such as cell shape changes and rearrangements.
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Nicolas Bouchonville, Marie Courcon, Alice Nicolas
Summary: Animal cells are active and contractile objects. By combining theoretical analysis and experiments, we found that passive stresses and active stresses inside cells are proportional, with cells exerting forces on the surface through localized adhesion points.
PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Physics, Multidisciplinary
Surabhi Sonam, Lakshmi Balasubramaniam, Shao-Zhen Lin, Ying Ming Yow Ivan, Irina Pi-Jauma, Cecile Jebane, Marc Karnat, Yusuke Toyama, Philippe Marcq, Jacques Prost, Rene-Marc Mege, Jean-Francois Rupprecht, Benoit Ladoux
Summary: Epithelial cells are influenced by mechanical stress and abrasion, impacting their integrity. Culturing epithelial cells on two-dimensional hydrogels showed that soft substrates resulted in a loss of epithelial monolayer integrity through hole formation. This rupture was associated with cellular stretching and cell division events.
Article
Cell Biology
Albin A. Bernardin, Sarah Colombani, Antoine Rousselot, Virginie Andry, Yannick Goumon, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Come Pasqualin, Bernard Brugg, Etienne D. Jacotot, Jean-Luc Pasquie, Alain Lacampagne, Albano C. Meli
Summary: This study presents an innovative neuro-cardiac organ-on-chip model to study the neuro-cardiac junction (NCJ) and understand the mechanisms involved in its establishment. The model successfully recapitulates the structural and functional properties of the NCJ and allows for the evaluation of the interaction between the heart and brain, as well as the impact of drugs on a reconstructed human neuro-cardiac system.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Louis Combe, Melina Durande, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Olivier Cochet-Escartin
Summary: Mechanical cues such as stresses and strains play important roles in biological processes. Segmentation of individual cells can provide information on their mechanical environment, but traditional methods are time consuming and prone to errors. In this paper, we propose a simple Convolutional Neural Network approach for cell shape measurement, and we optimize the architecture and complexity of the network to achieve better performance.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Alice Nicolas
Summary: To understand cell migration, it is crucial to understand how cells exert and integrate forces from their environment. Biophysicists have proposed three different methods to calculate intracellular stresses, all based on the thin plate approximation. However, these techniques do not calculate the same quantities and combining them allows access to the active stress alone.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Saba Goodarzi, Audrey Prunet, Fabien Rossetti, Guillaume Bort, Olivier Tillement, Erika Porcel, Sandrine Lacombe, Ting-Di Wu, Jean-Luc Guerquin-Kern, Helene Delanoe-Ayari, Francois Lux, Charlotte Riviere
Summary: This study presents a simple yet highly flexible 3D model microsystem consisting of agarose-based microwells for formation of reproducible spheroids, providing a promising in vitro platform for investigation of nanotherapeutic transport. The system allows spatial and temporal resolution of the penetration and distribution of nanoparticles within multicellular tumor spheroids, demonstrating differences in intra and extracellular localization of nanoparticles in 2D and 3D settings.