Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
H. T. Smith, R. Koga, F. Tsuchiya, V. J. Dols
Summary: Io is an important source of particles for Jupiter's magnetosphere, and the JAXA Hisaki mission provides valuable observations of Io's neutral particle populations. The mission's UV neutral oxygen line of sight observations allow for direct observation of the neutral tori and provide insights into the sources and mechanisms from Io. However, 3-D modeling is necessary to interpret the complex observational geometries.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Software Engineering
Antonio Guimaraes, Luis Lacalle, Charles B. Rodamilans, Edson Borin
Summary: Most applications in seismology field handle large amounts of data and are impacted by IO operations. The proposed intermediate data structure improves IO performance significantly and is more cost-effective compared to modern formats. Experimental results show that the new approach can achieve substantial speedups in most scenarios, especially when compared to traditional standards.
CONCURRENCY AND COMPUTATION-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shan Ding, Baokai Xia, Ming Li, Fengqian Lou, Chi Cheng, Tianqi Gao, Yuxiang Zhang, Kang Yang, Lili Jiang, Zhihao Nie, Hongxin Guan, Jingjing Duan, Sheng Chen
Summary: We observed an abnormal size effect in oxygen electroreduction, where the larger zinc oxide nanoplate catalyst showed superior activity and selectivity for H2O2. The abnormal size effect was found to play a key role in enabling oxygen electroreduction at elevated current densities through theoretical calculations and in situ Raman spectra.
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Dhruval K. Joshi, Frank Betancourt, Melanie Pilkington, Hongbin Yan
Summary: A series of BODIPY derivatives were synthesized and their photostability and ability to generate singlet oxygen species were determined. The photostability of 2,6-dibromo-4,4-dicyano-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene was similar to Rose Bengal, while 2,6-diiodo-8-iodomethyl-1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene and 1,3,5,7,8-pentamethyl-2,6-diiodo-4,4-dicyano-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene were the least stable. 2,6-dibromo- and 2,6-diiodo-4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene were more efficient than Rose Bengal in generating singlet oxygen species.
JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY A-CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Physical
Yan Dong, Sridhar Komarneni
Summary: This study systematically reviews and summarizes the progress made in the research and development of earth-abundant heterogeneous catalysts for OER in three pH-neutral or pH-near-neutral systems. Strategies for developing high-performance OER catalysts for neutral pH are also discussed, along with future challenges and opportunities in this field.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Kaiyue Zhao, Yu Tao, Linke Fu, Chen Li, Bingjun Xu
Summary: The presence of BF2(OH)2- anion in the mixed KBi/KF electrolyte enhances the rate of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) at near-neutral pH by stabilizing the interfacial pH and activating the interfacial water. Using the KBi/KF electrolyte, electrodeposited Co(OH)2 achieves a high activity of 100 mA/cm2 at 1.74 V, demonstrating the potential of electrolyte-engineering in improving the electrochemical performance of OER.
ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Victor Ramperez, Javier Soriano, David Lizcano, Shadi Aljawarneh, Juan A. Lara
Summary: Cloud computing plays a crucial role in current and emerging technologies, but barriers exist that hinder its full potential, such as the requirement for cloud consumers to implement mechanisms for compliance and different low-level metrics from cloud providers leading to provider lock-in. This paper proposes a solution involving an intelligent knowledge-based system and vendor-neutral metrics to assist cloud consumers in automatically and transparently leveraging cloud computing in multi-cloud environments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Wei -Fan Wu, Xingbin Yan, Yi Zhan
Summary: This review summarizes the recent progress of neutral electrolytes and electrocatalysts in rechargeable zinc-air batteries (R-ZABs). The working mechanism of ZABs is introduced, followed by a discussion on the development and challenges of neutral electrolytes. The impact of different cathode structures on catalysts is also discussed. The latest progress of various catalysts in neutral electrolytes, including metal oxides, metal phosphides/sulfides, metal phosphates, and single-atom catalysts, is classified and summarized. The review concludes with a summary and a brief outlook for the future developments of electrolytes and oxygen catalysts in neutral ZABs.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Nan Jiang, Zhiwei Zhu, Wenjie Xue, Bao Yu Xia, Bo You
Summary: This review discusses the ongoing development of OER electrocatalysts under near pH-neutral CO2-saturated solutions, emphasizing the need for high-performance and cost-effective catalysts suitable for CO2RR conditions. It highlights the importance of exploring new opportunities in this field for addressing the challenges posed by the sluggish kinetics of OER in implementing renewable approaches for energy production and climate change mitigation.
ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenqiao You, Youlin Li, Dandan He, Youmei Zeng, Jiangwei Zhu, Xiaofeng You, Kang Wang, Guangming Zhou, Guilong Peng
Summary: In this study, pyrophosphate was used to activate peroxymonosulfate for the removal of acid orange 7. The results showed a high removal rate under optimized conditions. The concentrations of peroxymonosulfate and pyrophosphate, as well as the pH and coexisting inorganic anions, influenced the removal efficiency. Furthermore, the activation performance of phosphate was compared with phosphite. The study also identified singlet oxygen as the primary reactive oxygen species in the pyrophosphate/peroxymonosulfate system.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dongdong Qiao, Xuezhe Wei, Wenjun Fan, Bo Jiang, Xin Lai, Yuejiu Zheng, Xiaolin Tang, Haifeng Dai
Summary: In this paper, a cloud-based ISC diagnosis method is proposed to enhance the safety performance of battery packs in EVs. The new mean-normalization and adaptive Kalman filter algorithms are employed to extract ISC features, and the density-based spatial clustering algorithm is used to automatically detect and locate the ISC cell. Experimental results show that even with sparse data, the method can diagnose ISC cells in a timely manner.
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Xu Huang, Hao Gu, Jun Cui, Mingyang Sun, Yangxin Ni
Summary: This study evaluates the importance of chemically induced escape on Io for the first time. It shows that photochemistry drives substantial escape on Io, especially during volcanic eruptions.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-PLANETS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Isamu N. Matsuyama, Teresa Steinke, Francis Nimmo
Summary: Io, with its close distance and elliptic orbit to Jupiter, experiences strong and periodic gravitational tides that generate internal friction and heat its interior. This makes Io unique in our Solar System and provides an ideal laboratory for studying the fundamental process of tidal heating in the thermal and orbital evolution of celestial bodies.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jinli Fan, Weiju Hao, Chengyu Fu, Ziliang Chen, Rikai Liang, Cheng Lian, Qiang Zhang, Guisheng Li
Summary: A series of bismuth/boron-based materials anchored on flexible substrates through mild electroless plating form a binder-free porous structure conducive to the hydrogen evolution reaction. The resulting electrodes exhibit high intrinsic activity, rapid mass transfer capability, and exceptional durability, making them suitable for efficient hydrogen production in neutral and alkaline seawater.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Tao Liu, Yuxin Chen, Yaming Hao, Jianxiang Wu, Ran Wang, Limin Gu, Xuejing Yang, Qiang Yang, Cheng Lian, Honglai Liu, Ming Gong
Summary: The strong synergy between borate and fluoride anions for water oxidation in neutral conditions was discovered in this study. The hierarchical arrangement of the anions at the electrode-electrolyte interface played a crucial role in this synergy, allowing for a significant enhancement of the water oxidation current. The use of the synergized electrolyte resulted in a low-cost and facilely synthesized Co(OH)(2) electrode with outstanding performance and durability.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
M. Fukizawa, T. Sakanoi, Y. Miyoshi, Y. Kazama, Y. Katoh, Y. Kasahara, S. Matsuda, A. Kumamoto, F. Tsuchiya, A. Matsuoka, S. Kurita, S. Nakamura, M. Shoji, M. Teramoto, S. Imajo, I. Shinohara, S. -Y. Wang, S. W. -Y. Tam, T. -F. Chang, B. -J. Wang, C. -W. Jun
Summary: This study demonstrates the contribution of LBC, UBC, and ECH waves to pitch-angle scattering of electrons at different energy ranges, and reveals the occurrence of approaching strong diffusion caused by these waves. These findings are important for understanding the behavior of inner magnetospheric electrons.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2022)
Review
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Tomoki Kimura, Yuka Fujii, Hajime Kita, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Hideo Sagawa
Summary: Low-frequency radio emissions from bodies in our solar system have significant implications for understanding their magnetosphere, atmosphere, surface, and interior. This review highlights key questions regarding the dynamics and evolution of these bodies, and explores the feasibility of using the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) for future observations.
PUBLICATIONS OF THE ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kei Masunaga, Naoki Terada, Nao Yoshida, Yuki Nakamura, Takeshi Kuroda, Kazuo Yoshioka, Yudai Suzuki, Hiromu Nakagawa, Tomoki Kimura, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Go Murakami, Atsushi Yamazaki, Tomohiro Usui, Ichiro Yoshikawa
Summary: Dust storms on Mars drive water escape to space, leading to the oxidation of the Martian atmosphere. Observations during a major dust storm show that hydrogen abundance gradually increases in the upper atmosphere while oxygen abundance temporarily decreases. Atmospheric waves modulate dust and water transportations, causing alternate oscillations in the upper atmosphere. These findings are crucial for understanding Mars' water loss history and its redox state.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Riccardo Middei, Ioannis Liodakis, Matteo Perri, Simonetta Puccetti, Elisabetta Cavazzuti, Laura Di Gesu, Steven R. Ehlert, Grzegorz Madejski, Alan P. Marscher, Herman L. Marshall, Fabio Muleri, Michela Negro, Svetlana G. Jorstad, Beatriz Agis-Gonzalez, Ivan Agudo, Giacomo Bonnoli, Maria Bernardos, Victor Casanova, Maya Garcia-Comas, Cesar Husillos, Alessandro Marchini, Alfredo Sota, Pouya M. Kouch, Elina Lindfors, George A. Borman, Evgenia N. Kopatskaya, Elena G. Larionova, Daria A. Morozova, Sergey S. Savchenko, Andrey A. Vasilyev, Alexey Zhovtan, Carolina Casadio, Juan Escudero, Ioannis Myserlis, Antonio Hales, Seiji Kameno, Ruediger Kneissl, Hugo Messias, Hiroshi Nagai, Dmitry Blinov, Ioakeim G. Bourbah, Sebastian Kiehlmann, Evangelos Kontopodis, Nikos Mandarakas, Stylianos Romanopoulos, Raphael Skalidis, Anna Vervelaki, Joseph R. Masiero, Dimitri Mawet, Maxwell A. Millar-Blanchaer, Georgia Panopoulou, Samaporn Tinyanont, Andrei Berdyugin, Masato Kagitani, Vadim Kravtsov, Takeshi Sakanoi, Ryo Imazawa, Mahito Sasada, Yasushi Fukazawa, Koji S. Kawabata, Makoto Uemura, Tsunefumi Mizuno, Tatsuya Nakaoka, Hiroshi Akitaya, Mark Gurwell, Ramprasad Rao, Niccolo Di Lalla, Nicolo Cibrario, Immacolata Donnarumma, Dawoon E. Kim, Nicola Omodei, Luigi Pacciani, Juri Poutanen, Fabrizio Tavecchio, Lucio A. Antonelli, Matteo Bachetti, Luca Baldini, Wayne H. Baumgartner, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Stefano Bianchi, Stephen D. Bongiorno, Raffaella Bonino, Alessandro Brez, Niccolo Bucciantini, Fiamma Capitanio, Simone Castellano, Stefano Ciprini, Enrico Costa, Alessandra De Rosa, Ettore Del Monte, Alessandro Di Marco, Victor Doroshenko, Michal Dovciak, Teruaki Enoto, Yuri Evangelista, Sergio Fabiani, Riccardo Ferrazzoli, Javier A. Garcia, Shuichi Gunji, Kiyoshi Hayashida, Jeremy Heyl, Wataru Iwakiri, Vladimir Karas, Takao Kitaguchi, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Henric Krawczynski, Fabio La Monaca, Luca Latronico, Simone Maldera, Alberto Manfreda, Frederic Marin, Andrea Marinucci, Francesco Massaro, Giorgio Matt, Ikuyuki Mitsuishi, C-Y Ng, Stephen L. O'Dell, Chiara Oppedisano, Alessandro Papitto, George G. Pavlov, Abel L. Peirson, Melissa Pesce-Rollins, Pierre-Olivier Petrucci, Maura Pilia, Andrea Possenti, Brian D. Ramsey, John Rankin, Ajay Ratheesh, Roger W. Romani, Carmelo Sgro, Patrick Slane, Paolo Soffitta, Gloria Spandre, Toru Tamagawa, Roberto Taverna, Yuzuru Tawara, Allyn F. Tennant, Nicholas E. Thomas, Francesco Tombesi, Alessio Trois, Sergey Tsygankov, Roberto Turolla, Jacco Vink, Martin C. Weisskopf, Kinwah Wu, Fei Xie, Silvia Zane
Summary: A multiwavelength polarization analysis of BL Lacertae suggests that proton-synchrotron radiation does not significantly contribute to its X-ray emission, providing support for a leptonic origin.
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. V. Rubtsov, M. Nose, A. Matsuoka, Y. Kasahara, A. Kumamoto, F. Tsuchiya, I. Shinohara, Y. Miyoshi
Summary: The radial distribution of ion mass density in the Earth's magnetosphere can differ from that of electrons when there is a localized enhancement of heavy ion flux, such as an oxygen torus. This difference is crucial for the study of ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves, which rely on the Alfven velocity and mass density. One important consequence is the shift in the location of the plasmapause, which is considered as the resonator and generation area for ULF waves. In this study, we identified that a factor of 1.65 or more increase in the Alfven velocity within a radial distance of 0.5 RE corresponds to the classic definition of plasmapause, where the electron density drops by a factor of 5 or more within the same radial distance. This finding allows us to confidently use the Alfven velocity to detect the plasmapause even when heavier ions are included and a direct comparison with electron density is not possible.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Desy Purnami Singgih Putri, Yoshiya Kasahara, Mamoru Ota, Shoya Matsuda, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Atsushi Kumamoto, Ayako Matsuoka, Yoshizumi Miyoshi
Summary: This paper proposes a technique to correct plasmaspheric electron density profiles using ray tracing and dispersion analyses of lightning whistlers. The Global Core Plasma Model and the International Reference Ionosphere are used as reference density profiles, and modifications are made to satisfy the dispersion characteristics of observed whistlers. The method is applied to two lightning whistler events and the effect of density modification on ray path delay time is analyzed.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Shin-ichiro Oyama, Anita Aikio, Takeshi Sakanoi, Keisuke Hosokawa, Heikki Vanhamaki, Lei Cai, Ilkka Virtanen, Marcus Pedersen, Kazuo Shiokawa, Atsuki Shinbori, Nozomu Nishitani, Yasunobu Ogawa
Summary: In this study, a statistical analysis was conducted on the thermospheric wind measurements in Tromso, Norway, using a Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI; 630 nm wavelength) over a 9-year period during winter. The results showed that with an increase in geomagnetic activity level, the thermospheric wind changed from eastward to westward direction at dusk and increased in equatorward magnitude from midnight to dawn. Comparisons with ionospheric plasma convection revealed that deviations from the quiet-time wind were larger at dusk than at dawn.
EARTH PLANETS AND SPACE
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. P. Hartley, G. S. Cunningham, J. -f. Ripoll, D. M. Malaspina, Y. Kasahara, Y. Miyoshi, S. Matsuda, S. Nakamura, F. Tsuchiya, M. Kitahara, A. Kumamoto, I. Shinohara, A. Matsuoka
Summary: A new empirical density model is developed for the inner zone between 1 L < 3 by using plasma densities inferred from the upper hybrid resonance on Arase and hiss-inferred density values from Van Allen Probes. The model includes dependencies on L, magnetic latitude, and magnetic local time (MLT), and can provide density values in areas outside the validity region of many previous models, making it a useful resource for accurately determining diffusion coefficients and predicting electron dynamics and their lifetimes in the inner radiation belt.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shin Sugo, Satoshi Kasahara, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Yuto Katoh, Kunihiro Keika, Shoichiro Yokota, Tomoaki Hori, Yoshiya Kasahara, Shoya Matsuda, Ayako Matsuoka, Iku Shinohara, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Atsushi Kumamoto, Satoko Nakamura, Masahiro Kitahara
Summary: Plasmaspheric hiss waves play a crucial role in electron precipitation and the formation of the slot region in the Earth's radiation belt. Previous studies have shown that the intensity of whistler-mode waves and electron precipitation is influenced by electron density and background magnetic field strength. However, direct evidence of strong pitch angle scattering by hiss waves inside the plasmasphere has been lacking, and the simultaneous investigation of density and magnetic field structures with hiss wave enhancement and electron precipitation has not been conducted. Our study provides direct observations of the importance of electron density and its spatial structure in electron precipitation, and the occurrence of strong scattering up to a magnetic latitude of about 15°.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Yuki Nakamura, Koichiro Terada, Chihiro Tao, Naoki Terada, Yasumasa Kasaba, Francois Leblanc, Hajime Kita, Aoi Nakamizo, Akimasa Yoshikawa, Shinichi Ohtani, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Masato Kagitani, Takeshi Sakanoi, Go Murakami, Kazuo Yoshioka, Tomoki Kimura, Atsushi Yamazaki, Ichiro Yoshikawa
Summary: The origin of the Jovian dawn-to-dusk electric field in its rotation-dominated magnetosphere is unknown. Previous research suggests that magnetosphere-ionosphere (M-I) coupling via Region 2-like (R2-like) field-aligned current (FAC) may be responsible. This study utilizes a Jovian ionosphere model and a two-dimensional ionospheric potential solver to investigate this scenario. The results show that the dawn-dusk asymmetry in the ionospheric potential leads to the induction of the dawn-to-dusk electric field in the inner magnetosphere. The model also indicates that the electric field strength is influenced by the intensity of the R2-like FAC and the presence of long-lived meteoric ions in the Jovian ionosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Zhiyang Xia, Lunjin Chen, Wenyao Gu, Richard B. Horne, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Yoshiya Kasahara, Atsushi Kumamoto, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Satoko Nakamura, Masahiro Kitahara, Iku Shinohara
Summary: In this study, 3 years of data from the ERG/Arase satellite was used to analyze the meridional distribution of wave power from VLF ground transmitters in the inner magnetosphere. It was found that the intensity of NWC transmitter signals decreases as they propagate from the southern to the equatorial region, and then increases as they propagate to the northern region. Similar results were observed from Van Allen Probes' data within a narrower latitude range. A ray-tracing simulation of the transmitter emission propagation reproduced similar meridional wave power distribution. Similar latitudinal dependence was also found for NAA, NLK, and NLM transmitters.
FRONTIERS IN ASTRONOMY AND SPACE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Lorenz Roth, H. Todd Smith, Kazuo Yoshioka, Tracy M. Becker, Aljona Bloecker, Nathaniel J. Cunningham, Nickolay Ivchenko, Kurt D. Retherford, Joachim Saur, Michael Velez, Fuminori Tsuchiya
Summary: In situ plasma measurements and remote mapping of energetic neutral atoms around Jupiter provide indirect evidence of enhanced neutral gas near the orbit of moon Europa. Observations by the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) from 2020 to 2021 do not detect any neutral gas emissions. Comparison with modeled emissions supports the previous findings that the torus is dilute and primarily consists of molecular hydrogen. Detection of sulfur ion emissions is consistent with emissions from the extended Io torus.
PLANETARY SCIENCE JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Asuka Hirai, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Takahiro Obara, Yuto Katoh, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Kazuo Shiokawa, Yasumasa Kasaba, Hiroaki Misawa, Chae-Woo Jun, Satoshi Kurita, Martin G. G. Connors, Aaron T. T. Hendry, Atsuki Shinbori, Yuichi Otsuka, Takuya Tsugawa, Michi Nishioka, Septi Perwitasari, Jerry W. W. Manweiler
Summary: By analyzing ground and satellite observations of EMIC waves, researchers found that the increased frequency of intervals of pulsations of diminishing periods (IPDPs) is caused by an inward shift of the EMIC wave source region, which is influenced by the enhanced convection electric field. This inward shift allows EMIC waves to scatter relativistic electrons over a wide range of radial distances during IPDP events. The study also suggests a possible contribution of EMIC waves to outer radiation belt loss during the main phase of geomagnetic storms.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shinnosuke Satoh, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Shotaro Sakai, Yasumasa Kasaba, Rikuto Yasuda, Tomoki Kimura
Summary: Observations from the Hubble Space Telescope reveal an asymmetry in the morphology of the oxygen O-I] 135.6 nm emissions in Europa's atmosphere, which changes with the moon's position relative to Jupiter's magnetospheric plasma sheet. This study uses a test particle simulation to evaluate the cause of this north-south asymmetry and successfully reproduces it with the idea of a deceleration effect of the magnetospheric flux tube. However, additional model scenarios are needed to fully explain the observed brightness ratio.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. V. Rubtsov, M. Nose, A. Matsuoka, Y. Kasahara, A. Kumamoto, F. Tsuchiya, I. Shinohara, Y. Miyoshi
Summary: Magnetic storms and substorms cause global disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere. Plasma clouds injected from the magnetotail during storm or substorm drift around the Earth and generate ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves via various mechanisms. The plasmasphere and its boundary, plasmapause, are special regions for ULF waves to interact with charged particles.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)