Article
Agricultural Engineering
Le Kim Hoang Pham, Suwadee Kongparakul, Mingyue Ding, Guoqing Guan, Narong Chanlek, Prasert Reubroycharoen, Dai-Viet N. Vo, Nguyen Van Cuong, Chanatip Samart
Summary: Catalytic pyrolysis is a cost-effective technology for producing high-quality biofuels. The development of catalysts plays a crucial role in controlling the reaction pathways and producing specific products. In this study, palm kernel shells were pyrolyzed with a melamine-doped activated-carbon-supported Ni2P catalyst. The catalyst showed great potential for the selective production of phenolic compounds.
BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Wen-tao Li, Dong-hong Nan, Guan Zhang, Kai Li, Yan-qin Huang, Qiang Lu, Li-juan Gao, Wan-zhao Huang, Xiao-feng Han, Shan-wei Ma
Summary: In this study, N-doped activated carbon (NAC) was used to catalyze the pyrolysis of bagasse, resulting in an increased yield of 4-ethyl phenol (4-EP). By adjusting the N-doping modification, pyrolysis temperature, and DHA/BAG and NAC/BAG ratios, the selectivity and yield of 4-EP were improved.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Teguh Suprianto, Winarto, Widya Wijayanti, I. N. G. Wardana
Summary: This study explores the synergistic effect of activated carbon and curcumin in the production of hydrogen gas during biomass pyrolysis, showing that their combination can significantly increase hydrogen and methane gas yields. The use of curcumin as an antioxidant and the protective interaction between the aromatic rings of curcumin and activated carbon surface contribute to this enhancement. Simulation software and various tests were conducted to support the experimental results.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Shasha Liu, Gang Wu, Lei Zhang, Yong Huang, Jianbin Zhou, Shu Zhang
Summary: Catalytic pyrolysis of pine sawdust was utilized to produce valuable alkylphenol compounds by introducing surface active groups, such as metal iron species and oxygen-containing groups, to strengthen the biochar-based catalyst. The presence of these active sites promoted the conversion of pyrolytic intermediates into phenolic compounds during catalytic pyrolysis. The deactivated catalyst could be easily regenerated and showed a good selectivity for phenol production.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaona Lin, Xiaoyun Chen, Peng Fu, Binbin Tang, Dongmei Bi
Summary: Nitrogen-doped activated carbon catalysts prepared by the cocarbonization of coconut shell and urea showed excellent catalytic activity for the co-pyrolysis of corn stover and high-density polyethylene, resulting in the production of high-calorific value syngas and valuable monocyclic aromatics.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Xiaona Lin, Hanwu Lei, Chenxi Wang, Moriko Qian, Wendy Mateo, Xiaoyun Chen, Yadong Guo, Erguang Huo
Summary: The catalytic co-pyrolysis of Douglas fir and low-density polyethylene over different activated carbons was investigated. The H3PO4 activated AC catalyst showed the highest liquid yield and selectivity towards mono-aromatics. In contrast, steam activated AC catalysts had a negative effect on hydrogen production.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shasha Liu, Gang Wu, Yi Gao, Bin Li, Yu Feng, Jianbin Zhou, Xun Hu, Yong Huang, Shu Zhang, Hong Zhang
Summary: The study showed that catalytic reaction with activated char could increase the relative content of phenolic substances in bio-oil and create more active sites. At higher temperatures, the content of aromatic hydrocarbons in bio-oil increased while oxygen-containing compounds (such as ketones, acids, aldehydes) decreased.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Walid Nabgan, Bahador Nabgan, Tuan Amran Tuan Abdullah, Muhammad Ikram, Arvind H. Jadhav, Mohamad Wijayanuddin Ali, Aishah Abdul Jalil
Summary: This research explores the potential of using microplastics waste from oceans and soil as a source of liquid fuel, proposing pyrolysis with a catalyst as a solution. The introduction of a small portion of Pt metal in the nanocatalyst significantly improves its performance and stability. Valuable liquid products can be generated through the pyrolysis-catalytic steam reforming reaction. This study provides important insights into utilizing microplastics pollution for value-added fuel production and reducing threats to marine life.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xueqin Li, Peng Liu, Sheng Huang, Shiyong Wu, Yanling Li, Youqing Wu, Tingzhou Lei
Summary: This study investigated the pyrolysis behavior of biomass tar (using toluene as a model compound) with Ni-Fe catalyst and the enhanced generation of syngas in a CO2 atmosphere. The experiment was conducted using a two-stage fixed-bed reactor, and the yield of H2, CO, total syngas, and carbon deposition were studied by varying Fe loading, catalyst dosage, pyrolysis temperature, and CO2 flow rate. The results showed that the catalytic pyrolysis of toluene achieved a gas yield of 323.3 mL/g-toluene, H2 yield of 181.7 mL/g-toluene, and carbon deposition of 794.3 mg/g-catalyst using Ni-4%Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst dosage of 16% at 900 degrees C for 40 min. In the presence of CO2 at a flow rate of 40 mL/min, the catalytic pyrolysis process of toluene resulted in a 27.43% increase in total syngas, 23.52% increase in H2, 66.0% decrease in carbon deposition, and 391.67% increase in CO (19.07 mL/g-toluene). Approximately 4.43 g (21.22 mL) of CO2 was consumed by the pyrolysis of 1 g toluene to generate the total syngas. This study provides a theoretical basis for the synergistic pyrolysis of biomass tar and CO2 in the pyrolysis/gasification process of biomass, explains the synergistic effect of Ni-Fe/HZSM-5 catalyst and CO2, reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and enables resource recycling.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Md Sumon Reza, Shammya Afroze, Kairat Kuterbekov, Asset Kabyshev, Kenzhebatyr Zh. Bekmyrza, Juntakan Taweekun, Fairuzeta Ja'afar, Muhammad Saifullah Abu Bakar, Abul K. Azad, Hridoy Roy, Md. Shahinoor Islam
Summary: Energy demands are increasing due to a growing world population, resulting in a decrease in fossil fuels. To address this issue, a study was conducted on the use of an invasive grass, Pennisetum purpureum, as feedstock for renewable energy through catalytic pyrolysis. Activated carbon was utilized as a catalyst, leading to improved production of biofuels, particularly bio-oil. The synthesis and regeneration of activated carbon demonstrated promising performance as catalysts, enhancing the quality and stability of bio-oil.
Article
Thermodynamics
Ziyi Shi, Yanghao Jin, Rikard Svanberg, Tong Han, Alexander B. E. Minidis, Kindstedt Danielsson Ann-Sofi, Christian Kjeldsen, Par G. Jonsson, Weihong Yang
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of three commercial-ready catalysts in the continuous catalytic fast pyrolysis of sawdust, aiming to produce high-quality bio-oils as potential substitutes for conventional fuels. The results showed that the catalysts increased the hydrogen-to-carbon atomic effective (H/ Ceff) ratio and the relative area percentages of hydrocarbons in the bio-oils. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that the catalytic bio-oils had more distillates in the diesel range compared to non-catalytic bio-oils. The high H/Ceff ratios of all bio-oil products indicated promising oil for hydrodeoxygenation.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yaseen Elkasabi, Kerby Jones, Charles A. Mullen, Gary D. Strahan, Victor T. Wyatt
Summary: Competitive pricing for biofuels can be achieved by coproducing biobased products and chemicals. Phenolics, abundant in bio-oils and with high profit margins, have potential in this regard. Distillation and extraction of bio-oils with low oxygen content (<15 wt%) can produce a fraction enriched with phenol and cresols. Spinning band distillation further improves the separation, resulting in fractions with over 80 wt% phenol.
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Chenxi Wang, Hanwu Lei, Yunfeng Zhao, Moriko Qian, Xiao Kong, Wendy Mateo, Rongge Zou, Roger Ruan
Summary: The catalytic pyrolysis of Douglas fir using nanocellulose derived biochar catalyst significantly enhances the production of phenolic monomers and hydrogen. Under certain temperature and ratio conditions, the concentrations of phenol, cresols, and dimethylphenols can be greatly increased or decreased. Reusing the biochar catalysts still leads to a much higher concentration of phenolic monomers and hydrogen compared to processes without catalysts.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Rongge Zou, Chenxi Wang, Moriko Qian, Erguang Huo, Xiao Kong, Yunpu Wang, Leilei Dai, Lu Wang, Xuesong Zhang, Wendy C. Mateo, Roger Ruan, Hanwu Lei
Summary: In this study, microwave-assisted corn stover biochar was used as a catalyst, and it was found that the biochar significantly increased the selectivity of hydrogen in the syngas, reduced the wax yield, and showed good reusability.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Napat Kaewtrakulchai, Masayoshi Fuji, Apiluck Eiad-Ua
Summary: The conversion of palm oil into green diesel through catalytic deoxygenation is an important topic in biorefinery research. This study investigates the use of palm fiber waste as a precursor for creating activated biochar as a support material for catalysts. Nickel phosphide and iron phosphide catalysts supported on palm fiber activated biochar were synthesized and extensively characterized. The catalysts showed excellent performance in deoxygenation reactions, producing a high yield of green diesel.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Ji Liu, Hao Fu, Guan-zheng Zhou, Zi-teng Guo, Bin Hu, Yang Li, Xiao-yan Jiang, Qiang Lu
Summary: The safe and efficient utilization of waste medical masks has attracted worldwide attention. Fast pyrolysis with the catalysis of zeolites can provide a promising route for the production of value-added aromatic hydrocarbons from waste medical masks. HZSM-5 catalysts were employed and modified by metal loading and alkali treatment, resulting in high yields of aromatics from the pyrolysis of mask filters.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kai Li, Zhu-yu Li, Cheng-Bo Zhang, Jia-qi Zhao, Li Zhao, Ji Liu, Shan-wei Ma, Qiang Lu
Summary: This study focused on the value-increment of spent bleaching clay (SBC) to produce aromatic hydrocarbons and regenerated bleaching clay (RBC) via ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis with HZSM-5. The results showed that the adsorbed oil in SBC could be decomposed almost completely at 450 degrees C. The optimum aromatics yield of 3.49 wt% was achieved at catalytic temperature of 600 degrees C and S/H of 15. The RBC obtained after calcination and acid treatment possessed good porous structures with improved adsorption performance compared to fresh activated bleaching clay (ABC).
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Thermodynamics
Shi-guan Yang, Jia-le Zhou, Zhuang Hu, Xin-yue Zhou, Qi Cai, Jin-heng Xie, Yang-wen Wu, Qiang Lu
Summary: Due to the shortage of fossil energy, pyrolysis is a promising method for utilizing biomass resources. This paper proposes a low-carbon decision-making framework for biomass pyrolysis project site selection. A complete criteria system, incorporating the concept of low-carbon development, is established and an improved TODIM method is used to determine the best option. The study provides insightful theoretical basis for site selection of biomass pyrolysis projects.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Yang-wen Wu, Yi-fei Yu, Qi Cai, Hai-yuan Zhao, Rong Guo, Jia-le Zhou, Zhuang Hu, Xin-yue Zhou, Li Zhao, Qiang Lu
Summary: By modifying a commercial SCR catalyst with FeO x , the synergistic removal activities for NO and dioxins were improved. The addition of FeO x increased the specific surface area and pore volume of the catalyst, improving the dispersion of vanadium species. The enhanced surface acid centers and redox capacity of the catalyst further increased the adsorption and destruction efficiencies of both nitric oxide and dioxins.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shu Zheng, Yuzhen He, Hao Liu, Yu Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: Partial replacement of methane with ammonia can effectively reduce carbon emissions. The numerical study on CH4/NH3/air flames at different equivalence ratios showed that flame speed improvement under radiation impact has a nonlinear relationship with equivalence ratio. NO generation and conversion are influenced by NH + NO =(>) N2O + H, NH + O-2=> NO + OH, N + OH &= > NO + H, and NH + O => NO + H reactions. NHi (i = 0, 1, 2) radicals play a crucial role in controlling NO formation and conversion. Methane oxidation contributes to NO generation and consumption through OH, CHi, and CO2 production.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Xiuli An, Yu Yang, Weiguang Cai, Shu Zheng, Qiang Lu
Summary: In this study, the effects of simultaneous addition of CO2 to fuel and oxidizer streams (CO2-F/O) on soot formation in a C2H4 flame were investigated experimentally and numerically. The results showed that CO2-F/O effectively suppressed soot formation, with the largest suppression effect from dilutive CO2, followed by chemical CO2 and the smallest effect from radiative CO2. The suppression of soot formation was mainly attributed to the decrease in the reaction rate of C2H4 and the reduction in the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In addition, CO2-F/O also inhibited the condensation rate of soot by lowering the flame temperature and decreasing the concentrations of important radicals involved in soot formation.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shu Zheng, Yuhong Zhang, Yu Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: In this study, the effects of nitrogenous bio-fuel on soot and NOx formation during gasoline combustion were investigated. The results showed that an increase in the proportion of pyridine in the bio-fuel led to an increase in NO concentration and different effects on soot formation at different heights.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Ji Liu, Yuan-Gu Xia, Yang-Wen Wu, Xin-Yue Zhou, Bin Hu, Qiang Lu
Summary: Reburning is an effective method for the clean and efficient utilization of biomass with low NOx emissions. The presence of potassium (K) in biomass affects the reaction between NOx and char nitrogen, thereby influencing the removal efficiency of NOx. This study investigated the effects of K on heterogenous NO-char(N) reactions using density functional theory (DFT) and calculated the rate constants for these reactions. The results showed that the presence of K facilitated the heterogeneous reduction of NO and inhibited the migration of char(N), leading to changes in the reaction path. This research provides theoretical guidance for controlling NOx emissions during biomass reburning.
FUEL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang-wen Wu, Jia-le Zhou, Xin-yue Zhou, Zhuang Hu, Qi Cai, Shi-guan Yang, Qiang Lu
Summary: Due to energy shortage and environmental pollution, the development and utilization of biomass energy has gained increasing attention worldwide. Crop straw cogeneration (CSC) of heat and power is an efficient renewable energy technology in rural areas, providing a practical solution for energy saving and pollution control. The application of circular economy principles in the CSC project site selection enhances sustainable development and offers valuable insights for decision-making.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear
Ti-peng Wang, Zhuang Hu, Jia-le Zhou, Qi Cai, Xin-yu Zhang, Ming-xin Xu, Qiang Lu
Summary: A series of sulfate-doped V2O5-WO3/TiO2 (VWTi) catalysts were prepared to explore a solution to alleviate the poisoning effect of alkali metal species on VWTi catalysts. The Ce(SO4)(2)-doped catalyst with 7.5 wt% loading exhibited the best resistance to alkali metals. Despite the decrease in specific surface area and surface acidities, the introduced Ce4+/Ce3+ redox couples and abundant acid sites provided by SO42- contributed to the excellent anti alkali metal poisoning ability of VWTi-7.5Ce catalyst.
JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Bing Zhang, Shengbin Chen, Yang Yang, Rui Luo, Yuangu Xia, Xiaogang Wang, Qiang Lu, Bin Hu
Summary: This study successfully revealed the phase transition mechanism of titanium dioxide crystals from brookite to columbite through quantum dynamics simulations. The reconstructive phase transition mechanism was proposed by simulating the XRD spectra, tracking Ti-O bond breakage and formation, counting the connections of [TiO6] octahedra, and calculating the Lindemann parameter.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yang -wen Wu, Zhuang Hu, Jia-le Zhou, Hai-yuan Zhao, Yi-fei Yu, Xin-yue Zhou, Qi Cai, Bing Zhang, Qiang Lu
Summary: In this study, a Ce(SO4)2-V2O5-MoO3/TiO2 catalyst with 15 wt% Ce(SO4)2 loading was developed, which maintained high activity under the synergistic poisoning of 2 wt% KCl and PbCl2. The resistance mechanisms were explored and it was found that the interactions between Ce(SO4)2 and K/Pb species, the redox ability improvement, and the maintenance of high surface acidity contributed to the enhanced resistance.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jia-Yue Chen, Yao-Bing Huang, Bin Hu, Ke-Ming Li, Ji-Long Zhang, Xuan Zhang, Xia-Yun Yan, Qiang Lu
Summary: In this study, a new method for synthesizing nitrogen-containing compounds from biomass was reported. A biomass-based click reaction was used to synthesize DHMP from levulinic acid and hydrazine hydrate, and DHMP was further transformed into various bio-based nitrogen-containing chemicals. This research contributes to the field of biomass utilization and renewable nitrogen-containing chemicals, and opens up new possibilities for the utilization of biomass.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Xiuli An, Weiguang Cai, Yu Yang, Shu Zheng, Qiang Lu
Summary: The effects of CO2 addition on temperature and soot formation in C2H4/air flames were researched. The results showed that CO2-F/O significantly reduced flame temperature and soot formation.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Bo Wang, Kai Li, Cheng-bo Zhang, Ting Huang, Ti-peng Wang, Qiang Lu
Summary: In this study, regenerated cellulose was prepared using a H3PO4-H2O system with different H3PO4 concentrations. The effects of H3PO4 concentrations on the physicochemical properties of cellulose were investigated. It was found that the H3PO4-H2O system could transform the cellulose crystal form, significantly reduce crystallinity index and hydrogen bond energy, and improve accessibility. These changes made the cellulose more suitable for the selective preparation of liquid fuel oil.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)