An extra-long-life supercapacitor based on NiO/C&S composite by decomposition of Ni-based coordination complex

Single-material electrodes do not satisfy the demands of high-performance supercapacitors. To exploit the advantages of both oxides and carbon-based materials, a tightly packed NiO/C&S nanocomposite is fabricated by sintering a Ni-based coordination complex precursor at 450 degrees C. The composites and basic components are characterized using various techniques, namely, X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller specific surface area analysis, and elemental analysis. The electrochemical performance is analyzed by cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic charge/discharge cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectrometry. A uniform nanocomposite was found to be formed of NiO nanoparticles, incompletely carbonized C, and incompletely vulcanized S. When used as supercapacitor electrodes, the synthesized composites show extra-long cycling stability (>5000 cycles) during the charge/discharge process. This improvement in the cycle life of the composites is attributed to its highly stable structure. The roles of C and S in forming a stable structure are investigated. The results show that a supercapacitor with electrodes made from the as-prepared NiO/C&S composite will be promising for commercial applications. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.