Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chao Huang, Xiaoli Wei, Qihui Luo, Yu Xia, Ting Pan, Junbo He, Asad Jahangir, Lanlan Jia, Wentao Liu, Yuanfeng Zou, Lixia Li, Hongrui Guo, Yi Geng, Zhengli Chen
Summary: Obesity is a major factor in the development and progression of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the molecular mechanisms involved are not well understood. This study investigates the role of TRIM67, a protein that is induced under obesity conditions, in NAFLD pathophysiology. It is found that enhanced expression of TRIM67 leads to hepatic inflammation, disruption of lipid metabolic homeostasis, and promotion of NAFLD progression induced by obesity. Furthermore, the transcription coactivator PGC-1 alpha is implicated in the response of hepatic TRIM67 to obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jia Liu, Kevin W. Aylor, Weidong Chai, Eugene J. Barrett, Zhenqi Liu
Summary: This study found that obesity impairs insulin's microvascular action in muscle, but metformin can prevent this impairment. Metformin improves endothelial function and prevents microvascular insulin resistance by reducing endothelial oxidative stress and vascular inflammation during the development of obesity. These findings may contribute to metformin's beneficial effects in preventing diabetes and protecting cardiovascular health.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xingfeng Liu, Kai Wang, Shaocong Hou, Qian Jiang, Chunxiao Ma, Qijin Zhao, Lijuan Kong, Jingwen Chen, Zhenhe Wang, Huabing Zhang, Tao Yuan, Yuxiu Li, Yi Huan, Zhufang Shen, Zhuowei Hu, Zhifeng Huang, Bing Cui, Pingping Li
Summary: The tyrosine kinase receptor EphB4 interacts with the insulin receptor to promote its endocytosis and degradation, leading to decreased insulin signaling and insulin resistance. Inhibition of EphB4 can improve insulin resistance and glucose intolerance.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nathalia Soares da Cruz, Gabriel Pasquarelli-do-Nascimento, Augusto Cezar Polveiro e Oliveira, Kelly Grace Magalhaes
Summary: Liver cancer, commonly known as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), is a highly lethal malignancy that affects about 90% of patients. Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and obesity are both risk factors for this disease. The connection between these disorders and liver cancer is poorly understood, but inflammasome-mediated cytokines have been found to play a central role in HCC progression. The release of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1 beta and IL-18 during inflammasome activation has detrimental effects on the liver microenvironment. This review explores the connections between obesity-associated NASH and HCC, focusing on the potential therapeutic targeting of IL-1 beta and IL-18.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chris R. R. Triggle, Isra Marei, Kevin Ye, Hong Ding, Todd J. J. Anderson, Morley D. D. Hollenberg, Michael A. A. Hill
Summary: Metformin, originally used as an oral anti-hyperglycaemic drug, has become the first-choice treatment for type 2 diabetes (T2D) following the release of the UKPDS findings in 1998. It is estimated that around 150 million people worldwide use metformin daily. In addition to its well-known effects in the liver, metformin is now recognized for its direct protective effects on the endothelium and its impact on the gut, including modulation of the gut-brain axis and effects on the intestinal microbiota. The expanding list of potential targets for metformin has led to interest in its repurposing for the treatment of other diseases, including polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, and COVID-19.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Yunfei Luo, Hui Lin
Summary: Obesity is characterized by low-level chronic inflammation activation, which is closely linked to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) and can lead to more severe inflammatory responses and health issues. Clarifying the pathogenesis of NAFLD is crucial for finding more treatment options, and understanding the relationship between obesity and NAFLD could provide new approaches for prevention and treatment.
IMMUNITY INFLAMMATION AND DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiamei Le, Yi Fu, Qiuqin Han, Xindong Wei, Houlin Ji, Yifan Chen, Qiuying Wang, Peixian Pi, Jilei Li, Xinjie Lin, Xiaoying Zhang, Yong Zhang, Jianping Ye
Summary: Metformin improves insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes by targeting liver, intestine, and other organs. This study found that more genes were altered in the liver than in the colon of diet-induced obese mice, with 20 Slc genes confirmed to be altered in the liver and 15 of them restored by MET, leading to improved insulin sensitivity and obesity.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Michael S. Robeson, Kanishka Manna, Christopher Randolph, Stephanie Byrum, Reza Hakkak
Summary: Obesity is the leading cause of health-related diseases globally. This study investigated the effects of short-term metformin treatment on the gut microbiota profile in an obese rat model. The results showed that short-term metformin treatment altered the composition of the gut microbiota, particularly the Bacteroides species, in obese rats.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Joseph A. Akambase, Jhon E. Prieto, Angelo Z. Z. Mattos, Angelo A. A. Mattos, Enrique Carrera, Javier Diaz-Ferrer, Patricia Gallardo, Andrea Curia, Esteban G. Ballerga, Cristiane V. Tovo, Domingo Balderramo, Jose D. Debes
Summary: This study investigated the associations between clinical characteristics and histopathological features of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in South America. The results showed that metabolic syndrome, hypertension, and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were significantly associated with significant fibrosis, severe steatosis, and liver inflammation.
ALIMENTARY PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Pintu Miah, Surovi Binte Sharmin Mohona, Md Mizanur Rahman, Nusrat Subhan, Ferdous Khan, Hemayet Hossain, Shazid Md Sharker, Md Ashraful Alam
Summary: The study found that supplementation with cumin powder significantly improved glucose intolerance, fat weights, and lipid parameters induced by a high-fat diet, reducing oxidative stress biomarkers and hepatic damage. Additionally, cumin supplementation restored antioxidant enzyme activities and normalized liver histology in rats fed a high-fat diet.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Marco Raffaele, Kristina Kovacovicova, Jan Frohlich, Oriana Lo Re, Sebastiano Giallongo, Jude A. Oben, Martin Faldyna, Lenka Leva, Antonino Giulio Giannone, Daniela Cabibi, Manlio Vinciguerra
Summary: The study showed that senolytic drugs dasatinib and quercetin (D + Q) did not have a positive impact on NAFLD-induced HCC in an age and obesity-related HCC model.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nuria Pescador, Vera Francisco, Patricia Vazquez, Eva Maria Esquinas, Cristina Gonzalez-Paramos, M. Pilar Valdecantos, Irma Garcia-Martinez, Andres A. Urrutia, Laura Ruiz, Carmen Escalona-Garrido, Marc Foretz, Benoit Viollet, Miguel Angel Fernandez-Moreno, Alfonso L. Calle-Pascual, Maria Jesus Obregon, Julian Aragones, Angela M. Valverde
Summary: Metformin impacts macrophages by inhibiting a HIF1 alpha-dependent proinflammatory program, leading to secondary beneficial effects on insulin-mediated glucose uptake and beta-adrenergic responses in brown adipocytes.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Vittoria Zambon Azevedo, Cristina Alina Silaghi, Thomas Maurel, Horatiu Silaghi, Vlad Ratziu, Raluca Pais
Summary: There is a strong interrelationship between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and sarcopenia through the muscle-liver-adipose tissue axis. NAFLD is a leading cause of chronic liver disease globally, affecting more than one-quarter of the population. Sarcopenia, characterized by progressive loss of skeletal muscle mass, is associated with metabolic dysfunction and may play a causative role in NAFLD pathogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Maria Crespo, Ivana Nikolic, Alfonso Mora, Elena Rodriguez, Luis Leiva-Vega, Aranzazu Pintor-Chocano, Daniel Horrillo, Lourdes Hernandez-Cosido, Jorge L. Torres, Eva Novoa, Ruben Nogueiras, Gema Medina-Gomez, Miguel Marcos, Magdalena Leiva, Guadalupe Sabio
Summary: Obesity leads to chronic low-grade inflammation, causing diabetes, steatosis, and insulin resistance. Activation of the p38 pathway in macrophages plays a crucial role in this inflammation, suggesting p38 inhibition as a potential treatment for obesity comorbidities. However, lack of p38 activation in myeloid cells worsens high-fat diet-induced obesity, diabetes, and steatosis. Deficient p38 activation increases macrophage IL-12 production, leading to inhibition of hepatic FGF21 and reduction of thermogenesis in the brown fat.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Nava Morshedzadeh, Amirhossein Ramezani Ahmadi, Vahideh Behrouz, Elias Mir
Summary: Hesperidin, through multiple signaling pathways, may affect the development and severity of NAFLD, and it has the potential to regulate liver fibrosis. Appropriate use of hesperidin may be a promising approach to modulate inflammatory pathways, metabolic indices, hepatic steatosis, and liver injury.
FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Leandro Borges, Alexandre Dermargos, Renata Gorjao, Maria F. Cury-Boaventura, Sandro M. Hirabara, Cesar C. Abad, Tania C. Pithon-Curi, Rui Curi, Marcelo P. Barros, Elaine Hatanaka
Summary: Futsal players face risks of stress, injury, oxidative stress, and inflammation during training and matches, with goalkeepers requiring special attention. The FIFA injury prevention program has been shown to be effective in improving performance and preventing injury in futsal players. More research on training load and season regulation in futsal is needed to better understand the biochemical mechanisms involved.
RESEARCH IN SPORTS MEDICINE
(2022)
Correction
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Tamires Duarte Afonso Serdan, Laureane Nunes Mais, Joice Naiara Bertaglia Pereira, Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues, Amanda Lins Alecrim, Maria Vitoria Martins Scervino, Vinicius Leonardo Sousa Diniz, Alef Araga Carneiro dos Santos, Celso Pereira Batista Sousa Filho, Tatiana Carolina Alba-Loureiro, Gabriel Nasri Marzuca-Nassr, Roberto Barbosa Bazotte, Renata Gorja, Tania Cristina Pithon-Curi, Rui Curi, Sandro Massao Hirabara
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Helena Batatinha, Forrest L. Baker, Kyle A. Smith, Tiffany M. Zuniga, Charles R. Pedlar, Shane C. Burgess, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard J. Simpson
Summary: This study found that recent COVID-19 vaccination has minimal effects on the physiological responses to graded exercise in physically active healthy individuals. However, there were significant elevations in heart rate and norepinephrine levels after vigorous exercise in individuals who received the Pfizer mRNA vaccine, which could impact exercise performance in elite athletes.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Sandro M. Hirabara, Tamires D. A. Serdan, Renata Gorjao, Laureane N. Masi, Tania C. Pithon-Curi, Dimas T. Covas, Rui Curi, Edison L. Durigon
Summary: This review addresses key issues regarding SARS-CoV-2 variants, including the characteristics of variants with mutations in the S gene, evasion of neutralizing antibodies, potential risks of new pandemic waves, and prospects for further research and actions to prevent or reduce the impact of new variants during the current COVID-19 pandemic.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Letter
Physiology
Helena Batatinha, Richard J. Simpson
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Tiffany M. Zuniga, Forrest L. Baker, Kyle A. Smith, Helena Batatinha, Branden Lau, Michael P. Gustafson, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard J. Simpson
Summary: Acute cycling exercise mobilizes NKT-like cells with enhanced anti-tumor activity, but does not increase ex vivo expansion of CIK cells.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Tiffany M. Zuniga, Forrest L. Baker, Kyle A. Smith, Helena Batatinha, Branden Lau, Shane C. Burgess, Michael P. Gustafson, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard J. Simpson
Summary: Acute exercise promotes an oligoclonal T-cell repertoire by preferentially mobilizing the most dominant clones, several of which are specific to known viral antigens and display differentially expressed genes indicative of cytotoxicity, activation, and apoptosis.
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Gustavo Barquilha, Cesar Miguel Momesso Dos Santos, Kim Guimaraes Cacula, Vinicius Coneglian Santos, Tatiana Geraldo Polotow, Cristina Vardaris Vasconcellos, Jose Alberto Fernandes Gomes-Santos, Luiz Eduardo Rodrigues, Rafael Herling Lambertucci, Tamires Duarte Afonso Serdan, Adriana Cristina Levada-Pires, Elaine Hatanaka, Maria Fernanda Cury-Boaventura, Paulo Barbosa de Freitas, Tania Cristina Pithon-Curi, Laureane Nunes Masi, Marcelo Paes Barros, Rui Curi, Renata Gorjao, Sandro Massao Hirabara
Summary: In this study, the effects of fish oil supplementation combined with strength training on muscle damage induced by a single bout of exercise were investigated. The results showed that fish oil supplementation can alleviate muscle injury, inflammation, and redox imbalance, making it a beneficial strategy for young men intending to engage in strength training programs.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Rodrigo Xavier das Neves, Alex S. Yamashita, Daniela M. R. Riccardi, Julia Kohn-Gaone, Rodolfo G. Camargo, Nelson I. Neto, Daniela Caetano, Silvio P. Gomes, Felipe H. Santos, Joanna D. C. C. Lima, Miguel L. Batista Jr, Jose Cesar Rosa-Neto, Paulo Sergio Martins De Alcantara, Linda F. Maximiano, Jose P. Otoch, Giorgio Trinchieri, Janina E. E. Tirnitz-Parker, Marilia Seelaender
Summary: Liver inflammation and metabolic disruption are observed in both animal models and colon cancer patients with cachexia. The increase in myeloid cells and activation of the hepatic inflammasome pathway contribute to systemic inflammation.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Helena Batatinha, Douglass M. Diak, Grace M. Niemiro, Forrest L. Baker, Kyle A. Smith, Tiffany M. Zuniga, Preteesh L. Mylabathula, Michael D. Seckeler, Branden Lau, Emily C. LaVoy, Michael P. Gustafson, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard J. Simpson
Summary: This study analyzed the changes of lymphocytes induced by exercise and tested their effectiveness in xenogeneic mice engrafted with human leukemia. The results showed that exercise selectively activated NK cells, CD8+ T cells, and monocytes with anti-tumor properties. Transplantation of exercise-mobilized PBMCs reduced tumor burden and improved survival in mice.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Forrest L. Baker, Tiffany M. Zuniga, Kyle A. Smith, Helena Batatinha, Terese S. Kulangara, Michael D. Seckeler, Shane C. Burgess, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard J. Simpson
Summary: Epidemiological data suggests that physical activity can enhance the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 in individuals with natural immunity. Acute exercise mobilizes highly functional SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cells and neutralizing antibodies in those previously infected. This could potentially increase immunosurveillance and protect against severe COVID-19.
BRAIN, BEHAVIOR, & IMMUNITY - HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandre Abilio de Souza Teixeira, Luana Biondo, Loreana Sanches Silveira, Edson A. Lima, Tiego A. Diniz, Fabio Santos Lira, Marilia Seelaender, Jose Cesar Rosa Neto
Summary: This study investigated the impact of different exercise training schedules on clock genes and myokine expression patterns in the skeletal muscle of tumor-bearing mice. The results showed that exercise training can significantly modify the expression of clock genes and the production of myokines, depending on the training schedule strategy.
CELL BIOCHEMISTRY AND FUNCTION
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Forrest L. Baker, Kyle A. Smith, Tiffany M. Zuniga, Helena Batatinha, Charles R. Pedlar, Shane C. Burgess, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard J. Simpson
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Sport Sciences
Helena Angelica P. Batatinha, Kyle Smith, Tiffany Zuniga, Forrest Baker, Charles Pedlar, Shane Burgess, Emmanuel Katsanis, Richard Simpson
MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS & EXERCISE
(2022)