Article
Behavioral Sciences
Wei Wu, Matias Morales, Tanvi Patel, Martin J. Pickering, Paul Hoffman
Summary: This study examines the neural correlates of psycholinguistic properties in language processing, specifically during language production. Using fMRI data, the researchers found convergent patterns of brain activation across comprehension and production, with the strongest convergence observed for sensory-motor language content.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cristina Polito, Francesca Conca, Gaia C. Santi, Valentina Esposito, Silvia P. Caminiti, Cecilia Boccalini, Valentina Berti, Carmen Morinelli, Salvatore Mazzeo, Alessandra Marcone, Sandro Iannaccone, Valentina Bessi, Sandro Sorbi, Daniela Perani, Stefano F. Cappa, Eleonora Catricala
Summary: This article investigates the effectiveness of two Italian naming tests, CaGi and SAND, in distinguishing PPA variants. SAND outperforms CaGi in differentiating among PPA variants, while CaGi is more useful in characterizing the nature of naming impairment.
Article
Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology
Elizabeth Roepke, Francoise Brosseau-Lapre
Summary: Children with vowel errors on standardized single-word tests of speech accuracy may benefit from further vowel probes to determine how vowel and consonant errors interact in their phonological systems for more targeted therapy.
CLINICAL LINGUISTICS & PHONETICS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Christoph Sperber, Laura Gallucci, Roza Umarova
Summary: For years, dissociation studies on neurological single-case patients with brain lesions were used to infer cognitive functions in neuropsychology, but the association between deficits was considered of less value. In contrast, computational methods such as principal component analysis became popular for identifying cognitive functions in stroke patients. However, the anatomy of stroke lesions alone influenced the dimensionality of data and limited the interpretability of cognitive deficits and insights into human cognitive architecture. It is suggested to use qualitative criteria and dissociation patterns to refine estimates and optimize interpretation strategies in cognitive deficit studies.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Nicholas E. Souter, Xiuyi Wang, Hannah Thompson, Katya Krieger-Redwood, Ajay D. Halai, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, Elizabeth Jefferies
Summary: Patients with semantic aphasia following left hemisphere stroke often have impaired control of semantic retrieval and executive dysfunction. This study found that the deficits in semantic cognition were associated with infarctions in distributed left-hemisphere regions, while executive dysfunction was linked to adjacent but distinct left frontoparietal clusters. Furthermore, performance on executive tasks was related to interhemispheric structural disconnection, while poor semantic cognition was associated with left-lateralized structurally disconnected clusters.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Joni Hyttinen, Pauli Falt, Heli Jasberg, Arja Kullaa, Markku Hauta-Kasari
Summary: Clinically interesting low-contrast dental and oral features can be challenging to detect with traditional imaging methods, but a cost-effective and non-ionizing imaging method based on spectral cameras and computational filters can enhance the visibility of these features in a dental clinic setting.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xiao-Ben Zheng, Bingo Wing-Kuen Ling, Song-Yi Zheng, Cai-Jun Li
Summary: This paper proposes a supervised CatPCA approach for performing the imagined speech classification. The optimization problem for designing the unitary matrix is formulated based on both the PCA algorithm and the k means algorithm, and their analytical solutions are derived. Experimental results demonstrate that our proposed CatPCA algorithm achieves higher classification accuracy and lower execution time compared to PCA variants and dimension reduction related algorithms.
BIOMEDICAL SIGNAL PROCESSING AND CONTROL
(2023)
Article
Psychology
Anna-Lisa Doering, Rasha Abdel Rahman, Pienie Zwitserlood, Antje Lorenz
Summary: The study investigates the lexical representation of compounds in speech production through the cumulative semantic interference effect, finding that the lemmas of compounds' first constituents are activated during compound production, causing interference and hindering the production of the whole compound. This supports the multiple-lemma representation account and suggests different experimental paradigms may explain discrepancies in results between previous studies and the current study.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY-LEARNING MEMORY AND COGNITION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mingyang Li, Luping Song, Yumei Zhang, Zaizhu Han
Summary: Global white matter subnetwork plays a crucial role in supporting oral word reading, with NLSM method revealing behavior-specific subnetworks effectively. The left lateralized reading subnetwork consists of 7 gray matter regions and 15 white matter tracts, providing additional explanatory power for patients' reading performance.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Neda Bihamta Toosi, Ali Reza Soffianian, Sima Fakheran, Lars T. Waser
Summary: A novel approach based on multispectral remote sensing techniques was developed to evaluate the ecological status and disturbances of Iranian mangroves. The approach involved calculating a spatial disturbance index (SDI) using landscape metrics and principal component analysis (PCA). The results showed that the selected metrics could effectively quantify the SDI and identify different levels of disturbances. This approach enables the detection and management of disturbances in mangrove ecosystems.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kelly Rapoeye, Robert J. Hartsuiker, Aurelie Pistono
Summary: Several studies have shown that different types of disfluency occur depending on the language production stage at which people experience difficulties. The current study combined a network task and a picture-word interference task to analyze whether lexical-semantic difficulty triggers errors and disfluencies in connected-speech production. The participants produced more disfluencies in the presence of a semantically related distractor word than an unrelated distractor word, while few semantic errors were made. These results support the hypothesis that difficulties at distinct stages of language production lead to distinct patterns of disfluency, with lexical-semantic difficulties leading to self-corrections and silent pauses. The results also have implications for the role of the monitoring system in connected-speech production.
ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Zahra Jamshidi, Nozar Samani
Summary: This article investigates the spatiotemporal diversity of precipitation in Iran and determines homogeneous precipitation regions at different scales using cluster analysis and principal component analysis. The findings provide accurate baseline reference for water resource management and advance the understanding of precipitation dynamics in different regions of the country.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED CLIMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Izabela Swietlicka, Wieslawa Kuniszyk-Jozkowiak, Michal Swietlicki
Summary: The paper introduces the application of principal component analysis for reducing dimensionality of variables describing speech signal and its applicability in disturbed and fluent speech recognition. The fluent speech signals and three types of speech disturbances were transformed using principal component analysis, and the calculated distances were applied in the recognition process using a multilayer perceptron network. A comparison with previous experiments using the Kohonen network showed an overall accuracy of 76% for the classifying network.
Article
Linguistics
Nuria Esteve-Gibert, Carmen Munoz
Summary: The study shows that preschoolers' learning of nonnative phonological contrasts is significantly boosted when the speech input is accompanied by an object of reference. Compared to clear oral/visual speech information or social interactivity cues alone, the combination of speech input with a significant object of reference in visual space leads to better learning outcomes.
APPLIED PSYCHOLINGUISTICS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Yevhen Maltsev, Maxim Kulikovskiy, Svetlana Maltseva
Summary: Microalgae have great value for biodiesel production due to their ability to accumulate large amounts of lipids. Adjusting the nitrogen and phosphorus content in the culture medium can change the lipid content and productivity of microalgae. However, there is no single approach to determining the experimental concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, which may lead to incorrect interpretations. This study systematically analyzes the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus restriction on lipid productivity of microalgae from different taxonomic and ecological groups, providing directions for future research.
MICROBIAL CELL FACTORIES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Reem S. W. Alyahya, Ajay D. Halai, Paul Conroy, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Article
Psychology, Biological
Ajay D. Halai, Anna M. Woollams, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2020)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ruth U. Ingram, Ajay D. Halai, Gorana Pobric, Seyed Sajjadi, Karalyn Patterson, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Article
Neurosciences
Katherine R. Gore, Anna M. Woollams, Stefanie Bruehl, Ajay D. Halai, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Summary: The CLS theory provides a framework for understanding the acquisition, consolidation, and generalization of new knowledge. The study on the consolidation and retention of newly learned native vocabulary in adults revealed that retrieval of new items involved a combination of regions associated with episodic memory and language-semantic areas. The shifting division of labor across these networks was based on the consolidation status of the items, with hippocampal activity predicting naming retention months later.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Nicholas E. Souter, Xiuyi Wang, Hannah Thompson, Katya Krieger-Redwood, Ajay D. Halai, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Michel Thiebaut de Schotten, Elizabeth Jefferies
Summary: Patients with semantic aphasia following left hemisphere stroke often have impaired control of semantic retrieval and executive dysfunction. This study found that the deficits in semantic cognition were associated with infarctions in distributed left-hemisphere regions, while executive dysfunction was linked to adjacent but distinct left frontoparietal clusters. Furthermore, performance on executive tasks was related to interhemispheric structural disconnection, while poor semantic cognition was associated with left-lateralized structurally disconnected clusters.
BRAIN STRUCTURE & FUNCTION
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ajay D. Halai, Blanca De Dios Perez, James D. Stefaniak, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Summary: This study compared different types of multi-assessment batteries and tested a new data-driven reduced version. The results showed that the data-driven battery can save time while maintaining sensitivity, ability to grade deficits, and the underlying component structure observed in post-stroke aphasia.
Article
Neurosciences
Katya Krieger-Redwood, Anna Steward, Zhiyao Gao, Xiuyi Wang, Ajay Halai, Jonathan Smallwood, Elizabeth Jefferies
Summary: This study explores the neurocognitive processes underlying creativity by comparing strongly and weakly associated word pairs. The findings reveal that episodic memory plays a key role in more creative responses to strongly related word pairs, while the controlled retrieval of less dominant semantic information and the activation of the semantic control network are important in more creative responses to weakly related word pairs.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying Zhao, Christopher R. Cox, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Ajay D. Halai
Summary: Zhao et al. used in vivo structural and functional connectivity to predict various cognitive functions in patients with aphasia. While both types of connectivity can predict these functions, they do not provide additional information beyond the model using lesion information. The results suggest that network-level disorder predicted by lesion alone is sufficient in explaining language impairment.
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, James D. Stefaniak, Ajay D. Halai, Fatemeh Geranmayeh
Article
Neurosciences
Ya-Ning Chang, Ajay D. D. Halai, Matthew A. A. Lambon Ralph
Summary: Tractography is widely used in studying human brain connectivity, but the issue of systematically thresholding and comparing connectivity values for different track lengths across studies remains unsolved. This study utilized Monte Carlo derived distance-dependent distributions (DDDs) to generate thresholds for connections of varying lengths. The approach was applied to generate a language connectome, which showed expected structural connectivity. The findings demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of the DDD approach for thresholding probabilistic tracking datasets.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2023)
Letter
Clinical Neurology
Thomas M. H. Hope, Ajay Halai, Jenny Crinion, Paola Castelli, Cathy J. Price, Howard Bowman
Article
Clinical Neurology
Reem S. W. Alyahya, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, Ajay Halai, Paul Hoffman
Summary: This study investigated the cognitive and neural processes involved in discourse coherence in post-stroke aphasia patients. The results showed that impairment in core language components, such as phonological production, fluency, and semantic processing, was related to reduced discourse coherence. The voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping revealed the contribution of the left prefrontal cortex, particularly the inferior frontal gyrus (pars triangularis), to maintaining discourse coherence.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rahel Schumacher, Ajay D. Halai, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
Summary: It is increasingly acknowledged that patients with post-stroke aphasia not only have language impairments, but also deficits in other cognitive domains. This study aimed to explore the performance of patients with aphasia in verbal executive tests, and its relationship with language tests and nonverbal cognitive functions. The study found that the performance in verbal executive tests was related not only to the severity of language impairment, but also to independent behavioral principal components. Additionally, different components were associated with separate neural correlates.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nikil Patel, Katie A. Peterson, Ruth U. Ingram, Ian Storey, Stefano F. Cappa, Eleonora Catricala, Ajay Halai, Karalyn E. Patterson, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph, James B. Rowe, Peter Garrard
Summary: Patel et al. present a new cognitive test called the Mini Linguistic State Examination for classifying primary progressive aphasia and characterizing language deficits in other brain disorders. The test is brief, accurate, and reproducible, and can be used in various clinical settings to profile language disorders. By adopting a novel assessment method, the test enables clinicians to assess and subclassify different presentations of primary progressive aphasia. The test has high diagnostic accuracy and will have a decisive impact on clinical descriptions of patients and screening for future therapeutic trials.
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Rahel Schumacher, Stefanie Bruehl, Ajay D. Halai, Matthew A. Lambon Ralph
BRAIN COMMUNICATIONS
(2020)