Article
Oncology
Giulia Cossu, Stefano La Rosa, Jean Philippe Brouland, Nelly Pitteloud, Ethan Harel, Federico Santoni, Maxime Brunner, Roy Thomas Daniel, Mahmoud Messerer
Summary: The expression of PD-L1 is associated with proliferative grades of Trouillas' classification and specific subtypes of PitNET expressing growth hormone.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xue-yan Wan, Juan Chen, Jun-wen Wang, Yan-chao Liu, Kai Shu, Ting Lei
Summary: The latest edition of the WHO classification of the central nervous system, published in 2021, has made major revisions to the classification of anterior pituitary tumors. The most significant revision involves preferring the terminology of pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) over pituitary adenoma (PA). Immunohistochemistry examination of pituitary-specific transcription factors is recommended to determine the tumor cell lineage. However, the application of this new classification system still needs further evaluation and validation due to technological limitations and a limited understanding of tumor pathogenesis.
CURRENT MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Robert C. C. Osorio, Jun Y. Y. Oh, Nikita Choudhary, Meeki Lad, Luis Savastano, Manish K. K. Aghi
Summary: This review examines the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in patients with pituitary adenomas. The research shows that patients with pituitary adenomas have a higher mortality rate from cerebrovascular diseases compared to healthy populations. The mechanisms behind cerebrovascular disease in different subpopulations of pituitary adenomas are less understood and require further research.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Oncology
Chiara Villa, Bertrand Baussart, Guillaume Assie, Gerald Raverot, Federico Roncaroli
Summary: The classification of pituitary tumours has been revised in the recent editions of the World Health Organization classifications. The new classification aligns adenohypophyseal tumours with neuroendocrine neoplasia and introduces the term pituitary neuroendocrine tumour (PitNET) instead of adenoma. Pituitary carcinoma is replaced by metastatic PitNET. Immunohistochemistry-based histological typing is considered important for accurate classification.
ENDOCRINE-RELATED CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Seung Woo Hong, Se Hoon Kim, Seung Hoon Lim, Eun Jig Lee, Sun Ho Kim, Cheol Ryong Ku, Eui Hyun Kim
Summary: The study evaluated the clinical relevance of the new cell lineage-based classification system for pituitary adenomas proposed by WHO, finding that it mostly matched with the traditional classification but discrepancies between TF and pituitary hormone stains exist in some cases. Null cell adenomas may be more prevalent than reported and are clinically more aggressive than gonadotroph adenomas.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Abdellah Tebani, Jelena Jotanovic, Neda Hekmati, Asa Sivertsson, Olafur Gudjonsson, Britt Eden Engstrom, Johan Wikstrom, Mathias Uhlen, Olivera Casar-Borota, Fredrik Ponten
Summary: The study extended the classification of PitNETs based on global transcriptomics landscape, identifying three main clusters of PitNETs aligned with the main pituitary TFs expression patterns. The analysis enabled further identification of specific genes and expression patterns that could distinguish different classes of PitNETs. The transcriptomic analysis revealed potentially targetable tumor-driving genes with previously unknown role in pituitary tumorigenesis.
ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pauline Romanet, Justine Galluso, Peter Kamenicky, Mirella Hage, Marily Theodoropoulou, Catherine Roche, Thomas Graillon, Heather C. Etchevers, Daniel De Murat, Gregory Mougel, Dominique Figarella-Branger, Henry Dufour, Thomas Cuny, Guillaume Assie, Anne Barlier
Summary: This study found that 40% of somatotroph tumors have GNAS mutations, affecting tumor growth and phenotype. Changes in imprinting may impact GNAS expression levels and tumorigenesis, especially in gsp-negative tumors.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Pathology
Maria A. Gubbiotti, Zubair Baloch
Summary: This article summarizes the evolution of the diagnostic algorithm and nomenclature of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, highlighting a multimodal approach to their diagnosis and classification. It also provides brief comments on treatment and new guidelines for genetic screening, particularly for young patients.
ADVANCES IN ANATOMIC PATHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wolfgang Saeger, Christian Mawrin, Matthias Meinhardt, Annika K. Wefers, Frank Jacobsen
Summary: This report presents two pituitary neuroendocrine tumors with high Ki67 labeling indices and TP53 mutations. One of the tumors had bone and liver metastases. Traditionally, pituitary carcinomas are diagnosed based on the presence of metastases, while neuroendocrine neoplasms are classified based on differentiation and proliferation indices. The reclassification of PitNETs expands the understanding of pituitary neuroendocrine neoplasms.
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Alessandro Carretta, Matteo Zoli, Federica Guaraldi, Giacomo Sollini, Arianna Rustici, Sofia Asioli, Marco Faustini-Fustini, Ernesto Pasquini, Diego Mazzatenta
Summary: The role of the endoscopic transplanum-transtuberculum approach (ETTA) in the treatment of pituitary adenomas/PitNETs (PAs) is feasible but associated with higher morbidity compared to the conventional endoscopic approach.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Paulina Kober, Natalia Rusetska, Beata J. Mossakowska, Maria Maksymowicz, Monika Pekul, Grzegorz Zielinski, Andrzej Styk, Jacek Kunicki, Lukasz Dzialach, Przemyslaw Witek, Mateusz Bujko
Summary: Pituitary neuroendocrine corticotroph tumors commonly cause Cushing's disease (CD) due to increased ACTH secretion. However, some corticotroph tumors remain clinically non-functioning. Cortisol secretion is regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, and glucocorticoids act through GR and MR receptors to reduce ACTH levels. This study aimed to determine the role of GR and MR expression in functioning and silent corticotroph tumors.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sylvia L. Asa, Ozgur Mete, Arie Perry, Robert Y. Osamura
Summary: This review summarizes the changes in the 5th Edition of the WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors related to the pituitary gland, including the classification of pituitary lobe tumors and the detailed subtyping based on tumor cell lineage, cell type, and characteristics.
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Borbala Szabo, Kinga Nemeth, Katalin Meszaros, Lilla Krokker, Istvan Liko, Eva Saskoi, Krisztina Nemeth, Pal Tamas Szabo, Nikolette Szucs, Sandor Czirjak, Gabor Szaloki, Attila Patocs, Henriett Butz
Summary: This study revealed that aspirin can induce global DNA demethylation and consequential transcriptome changes in pituitary cells, leading to decreased cell proliferation and migration. Aspirin also regulates the activity of Tp53 and the expression of Pttg1, which are involved in cell cycle control. The findings suggest that aspirin may have potential beneficial effects in PitNET.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Stephanie Du Four, Jorn Van Der Veken, Johnny Duerinck, Elle Vermeulen, Corina E. E. Andreescu, Michael Bruneau, Bart Neyns, Van Velthoven, Brigitte Velkeniers
Summary: In this article, we report a case series of five patients with pituitary carcinoma (PC) and highlight the challenges in diagnosis and treatment. PCs are rare intracranial neoplasms that usually develop from aggressive pituitary adenomas. The mean time interval from initial diagnosis to PC diagnosis was 10.7 years. Various treatment approaches, including surgery, radiotherapy, temozolomide, and immunotherapy, were used, with some patients achieving stable disease. The lack of predictive factors for an aggressive clinical course makes management challenging for PCs.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wolfgang Saeger, Jannik von Schoening, Joerg Flitsch, Guenther Jautzke, Markus Bergmann, Christian Hagel, Ulrich J. Knappe
Summary: Between 1996 and 2020, the German Registry of Pituitary Tumors enrolled 12,565 cases, with PitNETs and spindle cell tumors of the neurohypophysis being the main types. Some cases were found to have co-existing PitNETs and posterior lobe tumors.
ENDOCRINE PATHOLOGY
(2021)