Journal
GENES
Volume 9, Issue 7, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/genes9070351
Keywords
gut microbiome; microbiome modulation; prebiotics; probiotics; phage; CRISPR-Cas9
Categories
Funding
- Synthetic Biology Initiative of the National University of Singapore [DPRT/943/09/14]
- Summit Research Program of the National University Health System [NUHSRO/2016/053/SRP/05]
- Ministry of Defence of Singapore (MINDEF) [RE2016-074]
- Singapore Ministry of Education [MOE/2014/T2/2/128]
- U.S. Defense Threat Reduction Agency [HDTRA1-13-0037]
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Microbial communities and their collective genomes form the gut microbiome, of which bacteria are the major contributor. Through their secreted metabolites, bacteria interact with the host, influencing human health and physiology. Perturbation of the microbiota and metabolome has been associated with various diseases and metabolic conditions. As knowledge on fundamental host-microbiome interactions and genetic engineering tools becomes readily available, targeted manipulation of the gut microbiome for therapeutic applications gains favourable attention. Manipulation of the gut microbiome can be achieved by altering the microbiota population and composition, or by modifying the functional metabolic activity of the microbiome to promote health and restore the microbiome balance. In this article, we review current works that demonstrate various strategies employed to manipulate the gut microbiome in situ to various degrees of precision.
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