Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Juan Becerra, Ilhan Kocar, Keyhan Sheshyekani, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of including the poles and constant matrix of the characteristic admittance in the passivity enforcement method of wideband models, which requires that intrinsically passive components of the network should be represented with passive models.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Felipe Camara, Antonio C. S. Lima, Maria Teresa Correia de Barros, Filipe Faria da Silva, Claus L. Bak
Summary: This paper presents a new modelling approach based on idempotent decomposition for representation of cables and overhead lines, which shows high accuracy and applicability in tackling scenarios with different lengths.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Emmanuel Francois, Ilhan Kocar, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper analyzes the use of fitting techniques based on partial fraction expansions in the fitting of modal transmission line functions and the assumption of constant and real transformation matrix (constant T) in the transformation of modal functions into phase domain. It is demonstrated that using a constant T can violate the passivity of the transmission line system and lead to inaccuracies in the rational model at certain frequency intervals. The performance of the fitting is evaluated using a new solution strategy called rational Krylov fitting (RKF), which proves to be more accurate and efficient compared to the vector fitting (VF) algorithm commonly used in electromagnetic transient-type models. Furthermore, the poor fitting performance of the legacy constant T model based on Bode fitting is highlighted and explained.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
J. Morales, H. Xue, J. Mahseredjian, I. Kocar
Summary: This paper presents a new tool for calculating per-unit-length parameters for transmission line and cable models used in electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations. The proposed methodology utilizes the MoM-SO theory and advanced formulations for computing series impedance and shunt admittance parameters. Compared to traditional approaches in EMT software, this tool offers significant advantages including accurate modeling of skin and proximity effects, above-ground cable modeling, stranded wire modeling in cables, representation of multilayer soil, coupled overhead lines and underground cables, etc. The paper showcases the new tool and provides demonstrations of transient simulations using practical examples.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Michele N. N. Santos, Alexandre Piantini
Summary: This paper analyzes lightning-induced voltage waveshapes recorded on a 2.7 km long, matched, un-energized overhead line without shield wire, neutral conductor, and equipment such as trans-formers and surge arresters. Statistical distributions of the main parameters of induced voltages on a line with such a basic configuration are presented and discussed. The voltages are classified into four types, and simulations confirm their basic characteristics.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Juan Miguel David Becerra, Ilhan Kocar, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper proposes a new method to ensure the passivity of wideband line and cable models, which applies perturbation to the residue matrices of characteristic admittance and propagation function. It outperforms existing methods by minimizing overall perturbation for maintaining passivity.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haoyan Xue, Jean Mahseredjian, Jesus Morales, Ilhan Kocar
Summary: This paper thoroughly investigates the frequency and electromagnetic transient responses of cross-bonded cables by using a newly developed Line/Cable Data Module in an existing simulation software. The study analyzes the input impedances of cross-bonded, solid-bonded, and core-transposed cables in the frequency domain, as well as the mixed propagation modes of cross-bonded and core-transposed cables. Furthermore, the influence of bonding methods and cable models on transient voltages is investigated, and the results are compared and validated against the Classical Parameter Calculation method and the extended transmission line approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Jordi-Roger Riba, Jordi Llaurado
Summary: This paper proposes and validates a dynamic model to determine the current-temperature relationship of insulated and jacketed cables in air. The model takes into account different materials and temperature dependence of physical properties to increase accuracy. This model can simulate the temperature rise of the cable when the applied current and ambient temperature are known.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Amine Omrani, Lamine Dieng, Sebastien Langlois, Pierre Van Dyke
Summary: This study focuses on the fretting fatigue phenomenon of overhead conductors, specifically examining the wire-to-clamp contact configuration. Experimental tests were conducted to determine the friction coefficient values and transition sliding amplitudes for different contact configurations, providing insights into the fatigue life evaluation of conductors.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Felipe O. S. Zanon, Osis E. S. Leal, Alberto De Conti
Summary: The universal line model (ULM) is a highly accurate and general transmission line model developed in the phase domain. This paper describes its implementation in the Alternative Transients Program (ATP), validated through comparisons with EMTP-RV, and used to investigate transients on overhead transmission lines with rigorous representation of ground parameters.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yanxia Zhang, Ting Li, Jian Wang, Haidong Wang, Yuqing Chang
Summary: This paper proposes a novel fault location method for overhead and cable hybrid transmission lines in the VSC-HVDC system. By defining voltage symbolic functions, combining adaptive characteristic scale decomposition with improved general local frequency decomposition, and establishing location equations based on characteristic components, the method can accurately locate fault points in the transmission lines.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yanxia Zhang, Ting Li
Summary: This paper proposes a fault location method for overhead and cable hybrid line in VSC-HVDC system. It analyzes the energy transmission characteristics in overhead and cable hybrid DC line, studies the change of energy ratio at both ends with fault points, and establishes a fault location equation to locate the fault within the segment. The paper also analyzes the influence of unsynchronous sampling data on fault location accuracy and verifies the effectiveness of the proposed method through simulation.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Ravi Shankar Singh, Sjef Cobben, Vladimir Cuk
Summary: This paper introduces a novel cable temperature monitoring method based on PMU data, which can accurately estimate and track the temperature of cable segments without the need for additional sensors, and can be used for dynamic line rating. The method can monitor cable temperature within an accuracy range of +/- 5 degrees Celsius, and introduces a system for predicting dynamic thermal states.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Aziz Gueye, Ilhan Kocar, Emmanuel Francois, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper presents a rigorous comparison between Vector Fitting (VFIT), Relaxed Vector Fitting (R-VFIT), and Rational Krylov Fitting (RKFIT) techniques in fitting transmission line and cable functions to rational forms. The novel fitting procedures introduced in this study aim to improve fitting performance. Various case studies evaluate the performance of RKFIT in terms of model order reduction, passivity violation, and computing times. Moreover, the use of RKFIT in obtaining the frequency dependent cable model (FDCM) is demonstrated for the first time.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Pedro Cruz-Romero, Antonio Gomez-Exposito, Juan Carlos Del-Pino-Lopez
Summary: This paper presents a universal electrical model for power lines, based on three dimensionless parameters, which can be used to characterize the steady-state behavior of any line. Compact expressions and parameterized curves are obtained, and numerical ranges for defining parameters are provided.
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Juan Becerra, Ilhan Kocar, Keyhan Sheshyekani, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper discusses the advantages and limitations of including the poles and constant matrix of the characteristic admittance in the passivity enforcement method of wideband models, which requires that intrinsically passive components of the network should be represented with passive models.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuanzhu Chang, Jean Mahseredjian, Ilhan Kocar, Ulas Karaagac
Summary: This paper analyzes the fault current characteristics of DFIG-based WTGs and proposes accurate and concise analytical expressions that take into account the variations in magnitude and phase angle of positive- and negative-sequence voltages during asymmetrical faults. The expressions are validated using a detailed simulation model and can be integrated into protection tools for evaluating relay performance and designing fault ride through solutions.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuanzhu Chang, Mingxuan Zhao, Ilhan Kocar
Summary: This study investigates the use of negative-sequence currents in differential protection for DFIG-based wind farms connected to transmission lines. The findings suggest that certain FRT control strategies may cause DFIG wind turbines to supply capacitive current to the network, impacting the sensitivity and performance of differential protection.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zahid Javid, Ulas Karaagac, Ilhan Kocar
Summary: This article introduces an efficient load-flow solution method for DC distribution networks based on MANA formulation and NR algorithm. The convergence and quadratic convergence conditions are formulated using Kantorovich's theorem. The proposed method is tested on the modified IEEE 33 bus test feeder and compared with other numerical methods, showing better convergence properties and faster simulation speed.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS II-EXPRESS BRIEFS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Yuanzhu Chang, Ilhan Kocar, Evangelos Farantatos, Aboutaleb Haddadi, Manish Patel
Summary: The paper proposes a new generic sequence domain model of the DFIG-based WTG for static short circuit calculations, taking into account the impact of fault ride through (FRT) control schemes on the generator. The model accurately calculates voltage and current phasors under specified FRT control and provides a rapid tool for short circuit computations and protective relaying studies considering various grid code requirements and FRT implementations.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haoyan Xue, Jean Mahseredjian, Jesus Morales, Ilhan Kocar
Summary: This paper thoroughly investigates the frequency and electromagnetic transient responses of cross-bonded cables by using a newly developed Line/Cable Data Module in an existing simulation software. The study analyzes the input impedances of cross-bonded, solid-bonded, and core-transposed cables in the frequency domain, as well as the mixed propagation modes of cross-bonded and core-transposed cables. Furthermore, the influence of bonding methods and cable models on transient voltages is investigated, and the results are compared and validated against the Classical Parameter Calculation method and the extended transmission line approach.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Haoyan Xue, Jean Mahseredjian, Jesus Morales, Ilhan Kocar, Alain Xemard
Summary: An electromagnetic transient study has been conducted on a practical 500 kV mixed transmission system, which includes overhead lines, submarine cables, and underground cables. This study developed an exact expression for the earth-return impedance of submarine cables and proposed a new equivalent homogeneous earth method (EHEM) based on this formula. The study investigated the influences of air, seawater, seabed, wired armor structure, and multi-layer seabed on the impedance and modal propagation constants of submarine cables. Additionally, a novel modeling procedure for the parametrical side of the mixed transmission system was proposed, and the input sequence impedances of the system were studied using traditional methods and the new method, followed by transient simulations and validation using the MoM-SO technique.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Aboutaleb Haddadi, Evangelos Farantatos, Manish Patel, Ilhan Kocar
Summary: In traditional short circuit models, loads are often omitted due to the high and reactive fault current from synchronous generators. However, inverter-based resources (IBRs) in the grid can have fault currents comparable to load currents, which may cause inaccuracies in fault analysis and potentially impact relay operations during power system disturbances.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nasim Rashidirad, Jean Mahseredjian, Ilhan Kocar, Ulas Karaagac, Omar Saad
Summary: This paper presents a novel load-flow method for unbalanced islanded ac microgrids based on the modified augmented nodal analysis (MANA) formulation. It shows improved performance over conventional mismatch equation-based solvers, while being more generic and simpler to formulate. The proposed MANA-based formulation is validated and shown to have better computational speed and reduced number of iterations compared to the mismatch formulation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
J. Morales, H. Xue, J. Mahseredjian, I. Kocar
Summary: This paper presents a new tool for calculating per-unit-length parameters for transmission line and cable models used in electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulations. The proposed methodology utilizes the MoM-SO theory and advanced formulations for computing series impedance and shunt admittance parameters. Compared to traditional approaches in EMT software, this tool offers significant advantages including accurate modeling of skin and proximity effects, above-ground cable modeling, stranded wire modeling in cables, representation of multilayer soil, coupled overhead lines and underground cables, etc. The paper showcases the new tool and provides demonstrations of transient simulations using practical examples.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Nasim Rashidirad, Jean Mahseredjian, Ilhan Kocar, U. Karaagac
Summary: In this paper, a novel unified load-flow framework for AC/DC hybrid multi-microgrids is proposed. The framework is based on the modified augmented nodal analysis (MANA) formulation and can handle the load-flow problem of islanded multi-microgrids with different frequencies.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Emmanuel Francois, Ilhan Kocar, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper analyzes the use of fitting techniques based on partial fraction expansions in the fitting of modal transmission line functions and the assumption of constant and real transformation matrix (constant T) in the transformation of modal functions into phase domain. It is demonstrated that using a constant T can violate the passivity of the transmission line system and lead to inaccuracies in the rational model at certain frequency intervals. The performance of the fitting is evaluated using a new solution strategy called rational Krylov fitting (RKF), which proves to be more accurate and efficient compared to the vector fitting (VF) algorithm commonly used in electromagnetic transient-type models. Furthermore, the poor fitting performance of the legacy constant T model based on Bode fitting is highlighted and explained.
ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Zahid Javid, Tao Xue, Ulas Karaagac, Ilhan Kocar
Summary: This paper proposes a unified power flow algorithm for hybrid ac/dc distribution grids, which can handle various types of ac/dc and dc/dc converters. The proposed algorithm is tested under different configurations and its accuracy is verified through electromagnetic transient simulations. The paper also compares the convergence characteristics of the MANA-based formulation and the classical NR formulation.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Electrical & Electronic
Aziz Gueye, Ilhan Kocar, Emmanuel Francois, Jean Mahseredjian
Summary: This paper presents a rigorous comparison between Vector Fitting (VFIT), Relaxed Vector Fitting (R-VFIT), and Rational Krylov Fitting (RKFIT) techniques in fitting transmission line and cable functions to rational forms. The novel fitting procedures introduced in this study aim to improve fitting performance. Various case studies evaluate the performance of RKFIT in terms of model order reduction, passivity violation, and computing times. Moreover, the use of RKFIT in obtaining the frequency dependent cable model (FDCM) is demonstrated for the first time.
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER DELIVERY
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Jorge Luis Garcia-Sanchez, Jose Alberto Gutierrez-Robles, Pablo Moreno Villalobos, Eduardo Salvador Banuelos-Cabral, Jose De Jesus Nuno-Ayon, Julian Sotelo-Castanon
Summary: This paper introduces a new U-Cable model for underground cables, based on an extension of the A-line model with consideration of frequency dependence and the conductance matrix. Through mathematical development and comparison with NLT and PSCAD software, the U-Cable model is proven to be reliable and stable option for cable modeling.
