Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ealia Khosh Kish, Muhammad Choudhry, Yaser Gamallat, Sabrina Marsha Buharideen, D. Dhananjaya, Tarek A. Bismar
Summary: The ERG gene is consistently overexpressed in prostate cancer and is mainly due to the fusion of ERG and TMPRSS2 genes. ERG enhances tumor growth by promoting inflammatory and angiogenic responses and is involved in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, increasing the metastatic ability of prostate cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jose Beltran-Vidal, Edson Carcamo-Noriega, Nina Pastor, Fernando Zamudio-Zuniga, Jimmy Alexander Guerrero-Vargas, Santiago Castano, Lourival Domingos Possani, Rita Restano-Cassulini
Summary: This study investigated a venom component from Centruroides margaritatus, CmERG1, which inhibits hERG1 channels completely. Despite its high similarity with another toxin, CmERG1 showed a stable plug effect on the hERG channel, distinguishing it from other gamma-KTx toxins.
Article
Biology
Matthew Struebig, Sabhrina Aninta, Maria Beger, Alessia Bani, Henry Barus, Selina Brace, Zoe Davies, Maarten De Brauwer, Karen Diele, Cilun Djakiman, Rignolda Djamaluddin, Rosie Drinkwater, Alex Dumbrell, Darren Evans, Marco Fusi, Leonel Leonel Herrera Alsina, Jamaluddin Jompa, Berry Juliandi, Gino Limmon, Lindawati Lindawati, Michaela Lo, Pungki Lupiyaningdyah, Molly McCannon, Erik Meijaard, Simon Mitchell, Sonny Mumbunan, Darren O'Connell, Alex Papadopulos, Joeni Rahajoe, Rosaria Rosaria, Titik Rugayah, Himmah Rustiami, Ulrich Salzmann, Sheherazade Sheherazade, I. Made Sudiana, Endang Sukara, Aiyen Tjoa, Liam Trethowan, Agus Trianto, Tim Utteridge, Maria Voigt, Nurul Winarni, Zuliyanto Zakaria, Jatna Supriatna, Laurent Frantz, Owen Osborne, Djoko Iskandar, Lesley Lancaster, Justin Travis, David Edwards, Stephen Rossiter, Johny S. Tasirin
Summary: Wallacea, as a meeting point between the Asian and Australian fauna, is highly vulnerable to anthropogenic pressures. The expansion of agriculture, mining, aquaculture, and fisheries is damaging its ecosystems and threatening both endemic species and human populations. Conservation efforts require collaborative actions and innovative management approaches.
Article
Oncology
Yingchun Liang, Enlin Rong, Jin Qian, Chenkai Ma, Jimeng Hu
Summary: In this study, the researchers analyzed the transcriptome of 231 patients with metastatic prostate cancer and identified four distinct biological subtypes. They found that the luminal subtype had higher androgen receptor expression and copy number alterations, while genes in the HRR pathway were downregulated in most subtypes except HRR and NE subtypes. The researchers also found that the basal subtype had a higher frequency of the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion.
PROSTATE CANCER AND PROSTATIC DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Shakoor Ba-Ali, Michael Larsen, Henrik Ullits Andersen, Henrik Lund-Andersen
Summary: The study compares retinal function in diabetes without retinopathy, diabetes with moderate NPDR, and individuals without diabetes using ffERG and mfERG. The most prominent anomaly associated with diabetes is a prolongation of the implicit time of the OP2 of the scotopic ffERG.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Jordan N. Alves, Britta U. Westner, Andreas Hojlund, Rimona Sharon Weil, Sarang S. Dalal
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopaminergic neurons, leading to bradykinesia, rest tremor and rigidity. Visual disorders and retinal abnormalities are common in patients with Parkinson's disease, and can be detected through decreased visual acuity, abnormal spatial contrast sensitivity and difficulty in complex visual tasks. This review examines the retinal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease, highlighting the electrophysiological and structural changes observed. The findings suggest that retinal functional measures could serve as valuable and cost-effective tools for early evaluation of Parkinson's disease.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hsin-Ping Liu, Jack Cheng, Mei-Ying Chen, Tsai-Ni Chuang, Jhou-Ciang Dong, Chuan-Hsiu Liu, Wei-Yong Lin
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the toxicity of microplastics (MPs) depends on the material, size, and exposure concentration. Research on the impact of polystyrene-MPs of size 0.1 μm at a low dose of 50 μg/L revealed a decrease in synaptic spontaneous junction currents, altered receptor potential amplitude of the retina, and lowered embryo-laying rate in fruit flies. Differential gene expression in ligand-receptor interaction, endocytosis, phototransduction, and Toll/Imd signaling pathways may underlie these phenotypes induced by MPs. These findings call for further investigation into the potential biohazards of low dose MPs.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Pathology
Yuri Tolkach, Romina Zarbl, Simone Bauer, Manuel Ritter, Joerg Ellinger, Stephan Hauser, Laura Hueser, Sabine M. Klauck, Peter Altevogt, Holger Sultmann, Dimo Dietrich, Glen Kristiansen
Summary: CD24 is overexpressed in many human cancers, including prostate cancer, and its up-regulation can be influenced by DNA methylation of the CD24 promoter. Higher levels of CD24 expression are associated with poorer outcomes in prostate cancer patients, including shorter biochemical recurrence-free survival. Overexpression of ERG and PTEN deficiency are also correlated with increased CD24 expression levels in prostate cancer.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Canan Lacin-Simsek, Aysun Oztuna-Kaplan, Tulin Sever
Summary: This study aims to determine the role of educational games in science centers. By playing the games prepared for Kocaeli Science Center and collecting the opinions and experiences of pre-service teachers, the results show that educational games can help better understand the themes of science exhibits, and science center visits supported by educational games can have a positive impact on learning.
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Xiaoduo Pan, Xuejun Guo, Xin Li, Xiaolei Niu, Xiaojuan Yang, Min Feng, Tao Che, Rui Jin, Youhua Ran, Jianwen Guo, Xiaoli Hu, Adan Wu
Summary: The Tibetan Plateau, known as the world's Third Pole, is undergoing rapid, intense climate change similar to or even more severe than that seen in the Arctic and Antarctic. Data sharing is crucial for understanding these unprecedented changes and their impacts on the environment and humans. The National Tibetan Plateau Data Center (TPDC) is a cloud-based platform with a wide range of scientific data sets, providing tools for online data acquisition, quality control, analysis, and visualization to enhance efficiency in data sharing. The TPDC has evolved from a centralized to a decentralized system, effectively linking Third Pole-related data from various domestic and international sources.
BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniele Campolungo, Mara Salome, Beatrice Biferali, Anna Sofia Tascini, Davide Gabellini
Summary: Translocations producing rearranged versions of DUX4-r are a common cause of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Our study reveals that DUX4-r has both loss-of-function and gain-of-function effects, leading to leukemia. Understanding the molecular mechanism behind DUX4-r's leukemogenic activity provides potential therapeutic options for this B-ALL subtype.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tania Jorda, Nicolas Rozes, Maria Teresa Martinez-Pastor, Sergi Puig
Summary: Sterol synthesis is a metabolism pathway in eukaryotes which relies on iron. Fungal ergosterol biosynthesis is down-regulated under iron deficiency conditions. This study demonstrates that the iron-regulated mRNA-binding protein Cth2 and iron limitation lead to the down-regulation of three initial enzymatic steps of ergosterol synthesis (ERG1, ERG7 and ERG11) in yeast S. cerevisiae by limiting translation and decreasing mRNA levels of these specific genes.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jana Sajovic, Andrej Meglic, Marko Hawlina, Ana Fakin
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine how electroretinographic (ERG) responses reflect age-related disease progression in Stargardt disease (STGD1). The study found that specific ERG responses can be used to detect double-null patients at an early stage and monitor disease progression in patients with specific genotypes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xu Chen, Yuanyuan Qin, Zhenzhen Zhang, Zhengcao Xing, Qiqi Wang, Wenbin Lu, Hong Yuan, Congcong Du, Xinyi Yang, Yajie Shen, Biying Zhao, Huanjie Shao, Xiaotong Wang, Hongmei Wu, Yitao Qi
Summary: This study found that ERG SUMOylation plays a crucial role in the development of AML, with PML and arsenic trioxide affecting the proliferation and differentiation of AML cells by influencing the stability of ERG.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Pirko Tougu
Summary: Children's learning often occurs through interactions with knowledgeable members of society, such as parents, as discussed in sociocultural theory. Family conversations can enhance children's understanding and promote knowledge development, particularly in informal learning settings. Family motivation and on-the-spot activities are two key factors that can influence children's learning experiences in science centers.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
A. V. Rubtsov, M. Nose, A. Matsuoka, Y. Kasahara, A. Kumamoto, F. Tsuchiya, I. Shinohara, Y. Miyoshi
Summary: The radial distribution of ion mass density in the Earth's magnetosphere can differ from that of electrons when there is a localized enhancement of heavy ion flux, such as an oxygen torus. This difference is crucial for the study of ultra-low-frequency (ULF) waves, which rely on the Alfven velocity and mass density. One important consequence is the shift in the location of the plasmapause, which is considered as the resonator and generation area for ULF waves. In this study, we identified that a factor of 1.65 or more increase in the Alfven velocity within a radial distance of 0.5 RE corresponds to the classic definition of plasmapause, where the electron density drops by a factor of 5 or more within the same radial distance. This finding allows us to confidently use the Alfven velocity to detect the plasmapause even when heavier ions are included and a direct comparison with electron density is not possible.
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND SOLAR-TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Desy Purnami Singgih Putri, Yoshiya Kasahara, Mamoru Ota, Shoya Matsuda, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Atsushi Kumamoto, Ayako Matsuoka, Yoshizumi Miyoshi
Summary: This paper proposes a technique to correct plasmaspheric electron density profiles using ray tracing and dispersion analyses of lightning whistlers. The Global Core Plasma Model and the International Reference Ionosphere are used as reference density profiles, and modifications are made to satisfy the dispersion characteristics of observed whistlers. The method is applied to two lightning whistler events and the effect of density modification on ray path delay time is analyzed.
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
D. P. Hartley, G. S. Cunningham, J. -f. Ripoll, D. M. Malaspina, Y. Kasahara, Y. Miyoshi, S. Matsuda, S. Nakamura, F. Tsuchiya, M. Kitahara, A. Kumamoto, I. Shinohara, A. Matsuoka
Summary: A new empirical density model is developed for the inner zone between 1 L < 3 by using plasma densities inferred from the upper hybrid resonance on Arase and hiss-inferred density values from Van Allen Probes. The model includes dependencies on L, magnetic latitude, and magnetic local time (MLT), and can provide density values in areas outside the validity region of many previous models, making it a useful resource for accurately determining diffusion coefficients and predicting electron dynamics and their lifetimes in the inner radiation belt.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Shin Sugo, Satoshi Kasahara, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Yuto Katoh, Kunihiro Keika, Shoichiro Yokota, Tomoaki Hori, Yoshiya Kasahara, Shoya Matsuda, Ayako Matsuoka, Iku Shinohara, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Atsushi Kumamoto, Satoko Nakamura, Masahiro Kitahara
Summary: Plasmaspheric hiss waves play a crucial role in electron precipitation and the formation of the slot region in the Earth's radiation belt. Previous studies have shown that the intensity of whistler-mode waves and electron precipitation is influenced by electron density and background magnetic field strength. However, direct evidence of strong pitch angle scattering by hiss waves inside the plasmasphere has been lacking, and the simultaneous investigation of density and magnetic field structures with hiss wave enhancement and electron precipitation has not been conducted. Our study provides direct observations of the importance of electron density and its spatial structure in electron precipitation, and the occurrence of strong scattering up to a magnetic latitude of about 15°.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
M. Shumko, Y. Miyoshi, L. W. Blum, A. J. Halford, A. W. Breneman, A. T. Johnson, J. G. Sample, D. M. Klumpar, H. E. Spence
Summary: Interactions between whistler mode chorus waves and electrons have a significant impact on particle acceleration and loss in the outer radiation belt. This study focuses on electron microburst precipitation, a rapid release of intense electrons, and aims to understand the scattering mechanism between microburst and chorus waves, particularly the dominant resonance harmonic. Through observation and analysis using the time-of-flight energy dispersion, a clear example of the inverse time-of-flight dispersion is presented, supporting the Miyoshi-Saito time-of-flight model.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
K. Hosokawa, S. -I. Oyama, Y. Ogawa, Y. Miyoshi, S. Kurita, M. Teramoto, S. Nozawa, T. Kawabata, Y. Kawamura, Y. -M. Tanaka, H. Miyaoka, R. Kataoka, K. Shiokawa, U. Brandstrom, E. Turunen, T. Raita, M. G. Johnsen, C. Hall, D. Hampton, Y. Ebihara, Y. Kasahara, S. Matsuda, I. Shinohara, R. Fujii
Summary: A specialized ground-based system has been developed to simultaneously observe pulsating aurora (PsA) and related magnetospheric phenomena with the Arase satellite. The system includes high-speed all-sky imagers (ASIs) with a sampling rate of 100 Hz, monochromatic ASIs with a sampling rate of 10 Hz, and a fluxgate magnetometer with a sampling rate of 20 Hz. These instruments have been deployed in Scandinavia and Alaska to capture the main pulsations and internal modulations of PsA. Combined with the EISCAT radar, the system can detect low-altitude ionization caused by energetic electron precipitation during PsA and reveal ionospheric electrodynamics. The data from these instruments have been compared with wave and particle data from the Arase satellite in the magnetosphere.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Asuka Hirai, Fuminori Tsuchiya, Takahiro Obara, Yuto Katoh, Yoshizumi Miyoshi, Kazuo Shiokawa, Yasumasa Kasaba, Hiroaki Misawa, Chae-Woo Jun, Satoshi Kurita, Martin G. G. Connors, Aaron T. T. Hendry, Atsuki Shinbori, Yuichi Otsuka, Takuya Tsugawa, Michi Nishioka, Septi Perwitasari, Jerry W. W. Manweiler
Summary: By analyzing ground and satellite observations of EMIC waves, researchers found that the increased frequency of intervals of pulsations of diminishing periods (IPDPs) is caused by an inward shift of the EMIC wave source region, which is influenced by the enhanced convection electric field. This inward shift allows EMIC waves to scatter relativistic electrons over a wide range of radial distances during IPDP events. The study also suggests a possible contribution of EMIC waves to outer radiation belt loss during the main phase of geomagnetic storms.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Sandeep Kumar, Y. Miyoshi, V. K. Jordanova, L. M. Kistler, I. Park, C. Jun, T. Hori, K. Asamura, P. R. Shreedevi, S. Yokota, S. Kasahara, Y. Kazama, S. -Y. Wang, Sunny W. Y. Tam, Tzu-Fang Chang, T. Mitani, N. Higashio, K. Keika, A. Matsuoka, S. Imajo, I. Shinohara
Summary: This study investigates the development of ring current pressure in the inner magnetosphere during 26 CIR-driven geomagnetic storms using Arase observations. The results show that ion pressure is asymmetric during the main and early recovery phases, leading to a strong partial ring current. The ion pressure becomes symmetric during the late recovery phase. Electrons also exhibit asymmetric pressure distribution, with peaks occurring in the midnight to dawn sector. Electrons contribute significantly to the ring current pressure during the main and early recovery phases, especially in the 03-09 MLT sector.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
S. Nanjo, S. Ebukuro, S. Nakamura, Y. Miyoshi, S. Kurita, S. -I. Oyama, Y. Ogawa, K. Keika, Y. Kasahara, S. Kasahara, A. Matsuoka, T. Hori, S. Yokota, S. Matsuda, I. Shinohara, S. -Y. Wang, Y. Kazama, C. -W. Jun, M. Kitahara, K. Hosokawa
Summary: A physical mechanism for pulsating aurora has been proposed as the interaction between electrons and chorus waves near the equatorial plane of the magnetosphere. Recent observations have revealed a correlation between the presence of internal modulation in pulsating aurora and the discreteness of the element structure of chorus waves. However, the parameters controlling this discreteness and modulation are still uncertain.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
A. V. Rubtsov, M. Nose, A. Matsuoka, Y. Kasahara, A. Kumamoto, F. Tsuchiya, I. Shinohara, Y. Miyoshi
Summary: Magnetic storms and substorms cause global disturbances in the Earth's magnetosphere. Plasma clouds injected from the magnetotail during storm or substorm drift around the Earth and generate ultra-low frequency (ULF) waves via various mechanisms. The plasmasphere and its boundary, plasmapause, are special regions for ULF waves to interact with charged particles.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-SPACE PHYSICS
(2023)
