Article
Microbiology
Pablo A. Fraile-Ribot, Javier Fernandez, Maria A. Gomis-Font, Lorena Forcelledo, Xavier Mulet, Carla Lopez-Causape, Antonio Oliver
Summary: The study investigated the mechanisms behind the in vivo switch in resistance phenotype of P. aeruginosa after ceftazidime-avibactam treatment. It was found that a single SNP difference can lead to a change in resistance profile, reverting a carbapenemase phenotype back into an ESBL phenotype. Through genetic analysis, it was discovered that certain mutations can alter the resistance patterns of bacteria in vivo.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Review
Microbiology
Xiaobing Guo, Ruyan Chen, Qian Wang, Chenyu Li, Haoyu Ge, Jie Qiao, Yuan Li
Summary: IncX3 plasmids, with great conjugation ability and high stability, are narrow host range plasmids mostly found in Enterobacteriaceae. They have the ability to improve biofilm formation in their bacterial hosts. The carbapenemase genes bla(NDM), bla(KPC), and bla(OXA-181) can be carried by IncX3 plasmids. IncX3 plasmids have spread rapidly among different species in several nations over the past decade. Cointegrate plasmids related to IncX3 have been found to increase antibiotic resistance and potentially broaden the plasmids' host range.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Corcione, Ilaria De Benedetto, Nour Shbaklo, Giulia Torsello, Tommaso Lupia, Gabriele Bianco, Rossana Cavallo, Luca Brazzi, Giorgia Montrucchio, Francesco Giuseppe De Rosa
Summary: The continuous spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CP-Kp) strains poses a significant challenge to healthcare systems. Ceftazidime/avibactam (C/A) has been a first-line treatment, but C/A-resistant strains are increasing, especially among pneumonia patients or those with prior suboptimal blood exposure to C/A. A retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to an ICU for COVID-19, with the primary purpose of studying C/A-resistant strains and describing the characteristics of the population. The study found a single clone of C/A-resistant KPC-Kp isolates with a D179Y mutation in the bla(KPC-2) gene.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Taniela Bes, Debora Nagano, Roberta Martins, Ana Paula Marchi, Lauro Perdigao-Neto, Hermes Higashino, Gladys Prado, Thais Guimaraes, Anna S. Levin, Silvia Costa
Summary: This study highlights the clinical and microbiological characteristics of five cases of bloodstream infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae carrying both bla(KPC-2) and bla(NDM-1). Despite antibiotic treatment, a high mortality rate was observed among the patients. Phenotypic susceptibility assays showed that the addition of EDTA, phenylboronic acid (PBA), or both can increase the inhibition zone in comparison to meropenem alone. Detection of carbapenemase-producing isolates carrying both bla(KPC-2) and bla(NDM-1) remains a challenge, especially with only phenotypic assays.
ANNALS OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND ANTIMICROBIALS
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Federico Nicola, Daniela Cejas, Francisco Gonzalez-Espinosa, Silvia Relloso, Fabian Herrera, Pablo Bonvehi, Jorgelina Smayevsky, Roque Figueroa-Espinosa, Gabriel Gutkind, Marcela Radice
Summary: This study describes an outbreak of ceftazidime-avibactam-resistant KPC variants of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a hospital in Argentina. The detection of these bacteria is challenging for the laboratory, and the history of previous infections and resistance testing may help raise awareness of this possibility.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Review
Biology
Roberto Giurazza, Maria Civita Mazza, Roberto Andini, Pasquale Sansone, Maria Caterina Pace, Emanuele Durante-Mangoni
Summary: This article highlights the importance of tackling antimicrobial resistance through the correct use of antibiotics and the emergence of new antimicrobial options for multi-drug-resistant bacteria. The availability of novel molecules for AMR treatment is opening up exciting possibilities for precision medicine approaches in antimicrobial treatment. Strict adherence to antimicrobial stewardship practices will be crucial to preserve these emerging antimicrobials for future use.
Article
Immunology
Yancheng Yao, Swapnil Doijad, Jane Falgenhauer, Judith Schmiedel, Can Imirzalioglu, Trinad Chakraborty
Summary: Bacterial infections with highly drug-resistant Enterobacter species are difficult to treat and pose a significant threat to public health. These bacteria exhibit resistance to multiple classes of antibiotics and carry a high number of antibiotic resistance genes and heavy metal resistance genes. The emergence of such strains raises concerns about the effectiveness of current treatment options and the ability to control their spread.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Valerie Johnson, Lyndah Chow, Jacqueline Harrison, Sirikul Soontararak, Steven Dow
Summary: The study demonstrated that activated canine MSC produce and secrete antimicrobial peptides which synergize with common antibiotics for rapid bactericidal activity. Activated canine MSC also showed enhanced migration to inflammatory stimuli and secretion of factors related to wound healing, fibroblast proliferation, and recruitment of activated neutrophils. Clinical studies in dogs with chronic multidrug-resistant infections treated by activated MSC showed significant clinical benefit in terms of infection clearance and tissue healing.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Andre Valencio, Miriam Aparecida da Silva, Fernanda Fernandes Santos, Juliana Moutinho Polatto, Marcelo Marcondes Ferreira Machado, Roxane Maria Fontes Piazza, Ana Cristina Gales
Summary: Detection of KPC-type carbapenemases is important for guiding antibiotic therapy and infection control measures. This study aimed to develop an ELISA test to specifically detect KPC-2 and its D179 mutants. The ELISA-KPC test showed high sensitivity and specificity, successfully detecting all isolates producing carbapenemases, including those with ESBL phenotype.
Article
Microbiology
Patrycja Zalas-Wiecek, Katarzyna Plachta, Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Summary: Cefiderocol is a novel siderophore cephalosporin that shows potential activity against multi-drug resistant and extensively drug-resistant Enterobacterales. The study evaluated its in vitro susceptibility against clinical isolates of MDR and XDR E. coli, and found that Cefiderocol exhibited high susceptibility, making it a promising therapeutic option for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant E. coli strains.
Article
Microbiology
Florencia Brunetti, Barbara Ghiglione, Dereje D. Gudeta, Gabriel Gutkind, Luca Guardabassi, Sebastian Klinke, Pablo Power
Summary: This study analyzed the kinetic behavior and crystallographic structure of a class A CRH-1 beta-lactamase. The results showed that CRH-1 can effectively hydrolyze penicillins, cephalosporins, and carbapenems, similar to KPC-2. However, CRH-1 is poorly inhibited by clavulanic acid and efficiently inhibited by avibactam. The findings highlight the biochemical and structural similarities of CRH-1 and KPC-2 and the potential clinical impact of this carbapenemase.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Virology
Joshua J. Iszatt, Alexander N. Larcombe, Hak-Kim Chan, Stephen M. Stick, Luke W. Garratt, Anthony Kicic
Summary: The emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria poses great challenges to public health, leading to increased attention on alternative treatments such as bacteriophage therapy. Research is focusing on addressing the challenges in dealing with MDR bacteria and generating preclinical data for further advancements.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Pedro Teixeira, Nuno Pinto, Isabel Henriques, Marta Tacao
Summary: We assessed the proportion of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in urban ponds and identified 23 isolates. Our findings confirmed that urban ponds serve as reservoirs and dispersal sites for CRE, and revealed the presence of multiple carbapenemase-encoding genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Isabella A. Tickler, Diane Kawa, Anne E. Obradovich, Ferric C. Fang, Fred C. Tenover
Summary: A total of 199 Gram-negative bacterial isolates from urinary tract infections and 162 from bloodstream infections were collected from 12 healthcare systems throughout the United States between May 2021 and August 2022. The study characterized the isolates that were resistant to cephalosporins or carbapenems through antimicrobial susceptibility testing and whole genome sequencing. The results showed a wide range of carbapenemase-mediated resistance, with blaKPC-3 and blaKPC-2 being the most common carbapenemase genes identified. Additionally, extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes and AmpC genes were also detected in a significant number of isolates. Importantly, some of the carbapenemase-producing organisms were still susceptible to certain antibiotics.
Review
Biology
Dalal Hammoudi Halat, Carole Ayoub Moubareck
Summary: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a challenging pathogen that shows increased resistance to carbapenems, last-resort antibiotics. This review summarizes the carbapenemases of importance in P. aeruginosa and highlights their genetic profile and global epidemiology.
YALE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
