Article
Psychiatry
Anita Harrewijn, Rany Abend, Reut Naim, Simone P. Haller, Caitlin M. Stavish, Mira A. Bajaj, Chika Matsumoto, Kelly Dombek, Elise M. Cardinale, Katharina Kircanski, Melissa A. Brotman
Summary: This study identified a shared pathophysiological mechanism of pediatric anxiety and irritability, which is mainly reflected in the attention bias towards negative emotions. Using eye-tracking measures, the research showed that the derived factor of negative affectivity is shared between anxiety and irritability.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Olivia M. Elvin, Allison M. Waters, Kathryn L. Modecki
Summary: Irritability is the strongest predictor of attention bias towards threat among clinically anxious youth, and anxiety severity also has an impact. These findings highlight the relevance of irritability and anxiety severity to threat processing in youth with clinical anxiety disorders.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Emily Spackman, Jian Wei Lerh, Jacqui Rodgers, Matthew J. Hollocks, Mikle South, Helen McConachie, Ann Ozsivadjian, Amy Vaughan Van Hecke, Robin Libove, Antonio Y. Hardan, Susan R. Leekam, Emily Simonoff, Thomas W. Frazier, Gail A. Alvares, Jessica M. Schwartzman, Iliana Magiati, Mirko Uljarevic
Summary: This study identified three anxiety profiles (mild, moderate, severe) among autistic children and adolescents. Participants in the mild profile were younger, had fewer social communication difficulties, fewer restricted/repetitive behaviors, and lower cognitive functioning scores compared to the moderate and severe anxiety profiles.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Qimin Liu, David A. Cole
Summary: The study found that both tonic and phasic irritability are differentially related to various aspects of depression in adults, with tonic irritability showing overall stronger associations with depressive features and phasic irritability marking higher depressive severity.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Rania Johns-Mead, Nandita Vijayakumar, Melissa Mulraney, Glenn Melvin, George Youssef, Emma Sciberras, Vicki A. Anderson, Jan M. Nicholson, Daryl Efron, Philip Hazel, Tim J. Silk
Summary: This study provides a longitudinal assessment of the relationship between ADHD diagnostic status and symptom patterns and the change in irritability. The results show that ADHD symptoms, particularly hyperactive-impulsive symptoms, predict the degree and trajectory of irritability during childhood and adolescence, even when symptoms are below diagnostic thresholds.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Tomas Rossetti, Ricardo Daziano
Summary: This study aims to explore the relationship between self-assessed health status and preferences for cycling infrastructure. Through analyzing the responses to a stated preference experiment from a panel of New York City residents (N = 801), an integrated latent class and latent variable choice model is used to fit the data. The estimates show that individuals with good physical health tend to have similar preferences to experienced cyclists, suggesting that providing cycling infrastructure not only attracts non-cyclists, but also individuals with worse health outcomes, leading to a double benefit of reducing car use and lowering health spending.
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Hung-Wei Bernie Chen, Erin S. Gardner, Tessa Clarkson, Nicholas R. Eaton, Jillian Lee Wiggins, Ellen Leibenluft, Johanna M. Jarcho
Summary: Anxiety symptoms are related to victimization, while irritability symptoms are associated with both perpetration and victimization. Youths with more severe irritability and lower levels of anxiety are more likely to engage in perpetration.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ryan Smith, Michael Moutoussis, Edda Bilek
Summary: The study presented a computational model of cognitive-behavioral therapy that explores the interactions between cognitive restructuring and exposure interventions in reducing maladaptive avoidance behavior. Results showed that strong interactions between conscious beliefs and affective outcomes mediated behavioral change during exposure therapy, preventing generalization. Conversely, weakening these interactions and inducing belief uncertainty through cognitive restructuring led to generalized learning and increased resilience from a CBT perspective.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Carla A. Mazefsky, Lan Yu, Paul A. Pilkonis
Summary: The Emotion Dysregulation Inventory (EDI) is a questionnaire developed based on PROMIS Scientific Standards to measure emotion dysregulation in youth. Analyses supported the original two-factor structure of the EDI, indicating that it provides more information in the field of emotion dysregulation.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Qi Yuan, Gregory Tee Hng Tan, Peizhi Wang, Fiona Devi, Richard Goveas, Harish Magadi, Li Ling Ng, Siow Ann Chong, Mythily Subramaniam
Summary: This study combined variable-centered and person-centered analytical approaches to explore caregiving burden among informal caregivers of persons with dementia in Singapore. The findings suggest that caregivers experiencing higher burden in one domain are likely to experience higher burden in other domains, emphasizing the need for more attention and support for caregivers experiencing overall high burden.
Article
Psychiatry
Yalin Li, Wanfu Tian, Ping Liu, Fulei Geng
Summary: This study examines the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and irritability among youth, and further explores three possible mediated factors: selective attention for threat, delayed reward discounting, and insomnia.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Victoria M. Cabrera, Victor Buitron, Guadalupe C. Patriarca, Yasmin Rey, Eli R. Lebowitz, Wendy K. Silverman, Jeremy W. Pettit
Summary: Research shows that child and adolescent irritability and anxiety often co-occur, and the combination of anxiety and irritability is more severe than anxiety alone. This study examines the relationship between irritability and treatment outcomes for youth anxiety, as well as the role of parent accommodation and youth anxiety severity. The results suggest that parent accommodation mediates the association between irritability and youth anxiety outcomes. Future research should focus on developing strategies to target irritability in anxious youth and reduce parent accommodation.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Morgan Les DeBusk-Lane, Sharon Zumbrunn, Christine Lee Bae, Michael D. Broda, Roger Bruning, Ashlee L. Sjogren
Summary: Self-efficacy is crucial for students' motivation and success in writing. This study aimed to examine the multidimensionality of writing self-efficacy and validate the adapted Self-Efficacy for Writing Scale (SEWS). Using a sample of 1,466 students, a bifactor exploratory structural equation model was found to best represent the data, indicating both construct-relevant multidimensionality and a global theme in the SEWS. Latent profile analysis revealed three profiles based on students' response trends, showing substantive differences in global writing self-efficacy. Validity evidence was established through various analyses assessing predictors and outcomes of the profiles. Theoretical implications and future research directions are discussed.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Rachel A. Bernstein, Ashley R. Smith, Elizabeth R. Kitt, Elise M. Cardinale, Anita Harrewijn, Rany Abend, Kalina J. Michalska, Daniel S. Pine, Katharina Kircanski
Summary: This study utilized latent-variable analysis to integrate youths' self-reported threat appraisals from different tasks, finding a significant association between threat appraisal and pediatric anxiety, and providing a more robust laboratory-based measurement.
CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Tina Pivec, Ana Kozina
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has heightened anxiety, especially among adolescents, leading to a specific form of anxiety related to COVID-19. The study found that higher levels of competence, confidence, and connection can alleviate anxiety, while higher levels of caring are associated with COVID-19 anxiety. Therefore, promoting positive youth development is crucial in preventing anxiety, COVID-19 anxiety, and negative developmental outcomes.
JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Luisa Shiguemi Sugaya, Katharina Kircanski, Argyris Stringaris, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, Ellen Leibenluft
Summary: This study validated the Affective Reactivity Index (ARI) in preschoolers, demonstrating its validity and reliability in both school-based and clinical samples. The ARI was found to be suitable for assessing early irritability and may facilitate clinical assessment and research in this population.
EUROPEAN CHILD & ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Emma Sciberras, Pooja Patel, Mark A. Stokes, David Coghill, Christel M. Middeldorp, Mark A. Bellgrove, Stephen P. Becker, Daryl Efron, Argyris Stringaris, Stephen V. Faraone, Susannah T. Bellows, Jon Quach, Tobias Banaschewski, Jane McGillivray, Delyse Hutchinson, Tim J. Silk, Glenn Melvin, Amanda G. Wood, Anna Jackson, George Loram, Lidia Engel, Alicia Montgomery, Elizabeth Westrupp
Summary: The study found that COVID-19 restrictions had negative impacts on children with ADHD, leading to reduced physical activity and outdoor time, decreased enjoyment in activities, and increased screen time and negative emotions. However, some parents reported positive changes in their children, such as increased family time during this period.
JOURNAL OF ATTENTION DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Yara J. Toenders, Akhil Kottaram, Richard Dinga, Christopher G. Davey, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L. W. Bokde, Erin Burke Quinlan, Sylvane Desrivieres, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rudiger Bruehl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillere Martinot, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Herve Lemaitre, Tomas Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Juliane H. Froehner, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Argyris Stringaris, Betteke van Noort, Jani Penttila, Yvonne Grimmer, Corinna Insensee, Andreas Becker, Gunter Schumann, Lianne Schmaal
Summary: Using various factors and machine learning, this study predicts the onset of depression in adolescents.
BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY-COGNITIVE NEUROSCIENCE AND NEUROIMAGING
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Narun Pat, Lucy Riglin, Richard Anney, Yue Wang, Deanna M. Barch, Anita Thapar, Argyris Stringaris
Summary: This study investigated the genetic liability for major depressive disorder (MDD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their relationship with broad psychopathology. The results showed that the influences of MDD and ADHD polygenic scores on psychopathology were partially mediated by different psychological and cognitive pathways.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Gabrielle A. Carlson, Manpreet K. Singh, Lisa Amaya-Jackson, Tami D. Benton, Robert R. Althoff, Christopher Bellonci, Jeff Q. Bostic, Jaclyn Datar Chua, Robert L. Findling, Cathryn A. Galanter, Ruth S. Gerson, Michael T. Sorter, Argyris Stringaris, James G. Waxmonsky, Jon M. McClellan
Summary: This article discusses the impact of impairing emotional outbursts on mental health care systems, emergency departments, schools, and juvenile justice programs. However, quantifying the prevalence, outcome, and impact of outbursts is challenging due to their transdiagnostic nature and lack of explicit definition in current diagnostic criteria. Further research is needed to develop specific definitions and measures to track and quantify outbursts, and to assess the effectiveness of interventions.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Cedric Huchuan Xia, Ian Barnett, Tinashe M. Tapera, Azeez Adebimpe, Justin T. Baker, Danielle S. Bassett, Melissa A. Brotman, Monica E. Calkins, Zaixu Cui, Ellen Leibenluft, Sophia Linguiti, David M. Lydon-Staley, Melissa Lynne Martin, Tyler M. Moore, Kristin Murtha, Kayla Piiwaa, Adam Pines, David R. Roalf, Sage Rush-Goebel, Daniel H. Wolf, Lyle H. Ungar, Theodore D. Satterthwaite
Summary: Researchers have found that mobility patterns captured by smartphones represent unique individual differences and are associated with age, sex, affect, and circadian patterns. Furthermore, brain functional connectivity is also linked to individual differences in mobility patterns.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Reut Naim, Simone P. Haller, Julia O. Linke, Allison Jaffe, Joel Stoddard, Matt Jones, Anita Harrewijn, Katharina Kircanski, Yair Bar-Haim, Melissa A. Brotman
Summary: Irritability is a common reason for seeking psychiatric care among youth. This study investigated the attentional bias to angry faces and the associated neural mechanisms in irritable youth. The results showed that both irritability level and attention bias influenced the connectivity between the amygdala and various brain regions, including the inferior frontal gyrus, insula, caudate, and thalamus/pulvinar.
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Melissa A. Brotman, Katharina Kircanski
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Ka Shu Lee, Cheyanne N. Hagan, Mina Hughes, Grace Cotter, Eva McAdam Freud, Katharina Kircanski, Ellen Leibenluft, Melissa A. Brotman, Wan-Ling Tseng
Summary: This study aims to summarize the methods and results of using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate neural dysfunction in childhood irritability. The findings showed small sample sizes, heterogeneous sample characteristics, and a lack of neural activation convergence. Therefore, there is a need for standardized irritability assessments and more homogeneous fMRI tasks to study the neural mechanisms of irritability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Simone P. Haller, Camille Archer, Annie Jeong, Allison Jaffe, Emily L. Jones, Anita Harrewijn, Reut Naim, Julia O. Linke, Joel Stoddard, Melissa A. Brotman
Summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to a significant increase in anxiety and depression symptoms among youth, partially mediated by pandemic-related stress and worries. Increased prefrontal activity in response to neutral faces pre-pandemic may predict more intense anxiety during the pandemic. This study expands on the role of psychological stress as a mediator of anxiety and depression symptoms in youth.
CHILD PSYCHIATRY & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
(2022)
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Reut Naim, Shannon Shaughnessy, Ashley Smith, Sarah L. Karalunas, Katharina Kircanski, Melissa A. Brotman
Summary: This study utilized ecological momentary assessment to investigate emotional lability in a transdiagnostic pediatric sample. The results showed significant levels of both positive and negative emotional lability in pediatric psychopathology, particularly in youth with disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD). Emotional lability was found to be associated with functional impairment.
DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY
(2022)
Review
Psychology, Developmental
Alecia C. Vogel, Melissa A. Brotman, Amy Krain Roy, Susan B. Perlman
Summary: This study highlights the importance of studying positive emotion dysregulation and proposes a developmental approach to examining it within the context of temperament. The research findings suggest that dysregulation of positive emotion is associated with externalizing symptoms and clinical impairment in youth.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Psychology, Developmental
Douglas K. Novins, Robert R. Althoff, Melissa A. Brotman, Samuele Cortese, Melissa DelBello, Alysa Doyle, Stacy S. Drury, Lisa Fortuna, Jean A. Frazier, Mary Fristad, Schuyler W. Henderson, Elizabeth McCauley, Christel Middeldorp, Wanjiku F. M. Njoroge, Cynthia E. Rogers, Tonya White
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Developmental
Wan-Ling Tseng, Reut Naim, Amanda Chue, Shannon Shaughnessy, Jennifer Meigs, Daniel S. Pine, Ellen Leibenluft, Katharina Kircanski, Melissa A. Brotman
Summary: This study used a network analytic approach and smartphone-based ecological momentary assessment to investigate the relationship between irritability and other anxiety and mood symptoms. The results showed that frustration was the most central node in the networks of between-prompt symptoms, while sadness and anger were the most central nodes in the networks of momentary symptoms. Furthermore, anger was broadly positively related to sadness, mood lability, and worry across individuals.
JOURNAL OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Neurosciences
Reut Naim, Shannon Shaughnessy, Ashley Smith, Sarah L. Karalunas, Katharina Kircanski, Melissa A. Brotman
NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)