Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
V. S. Jayalekshmi, Vishnu Sunil Jaikumar, Priyanka Mehra, Thushara Thulaseedharan, V. M. Vinod, Surya Ramachandran
Summary: Maternal hypercholesterolemia can lead to atherosclerosis in the offspring. This study investigates the role of placenta in atherogenesis and associated liver pathology. The findings suggest that a high-fat diet results in increased placental lipid deposition, fetal hyperlipidemia, and the development of atherosclerosis and non-alcoholic fatty liver in early adulthood.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yangmian Yuan, Chengyu Liu, Xingrui Chen, Yuyan Sun, Mingrui Xiong, Yu Fan, Robert B. Petersen, Hong Chen, Kun Huang, Ling Zheng
Summary: The study suggests that Tet1 plays a crucial role in obesity by promoting lipolysis and reducing obesity. Vitamin C can treat obesity by enhancing Tet1 activity, thus decreasing hepatic steatosis.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Merly C. Vogt, Oliver Hobert
Summary: Exposure to adverse nutritional and metabolic environments during critical periods of development can have lasting effects on individuals and their descendants. However, the specific signaling pathways and mechanisms responsible for these effects are still not well understood. Through experiments with Caenorhabditis elegans, researchers have discovered that changes in DAF-16/FoxO activity, a downstream target of insulin/IGF-1 receptor signaling, are responsible for metabolic programming phenotypes. The study also found that DAF-16/FoxO acts in somatic tissues, rather than directly in the germline, to initiate and manifest these programming effects.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lin Liu, Chen-Xi Liang, Xiao-Wei Wang, Ke-Xin Pei, Xin-Di Ma, Chun-Xi Zhang, Jing-Hui Dong, Ming-Ming Gao, Jia-Wei Liao
Summary: This study found that surgical removal of adipose tissue before obesity onset did not effectively prevent hyperlipidemia, insulin resistance, fatty liver, or atherosclerosis in a mouse model.
CHINESE MEDICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Lauren N. Woodie, Kaan T. Oral, Brianna M. Krusen, Mitchell A. Lazar
Summary: Obesity and metabolic diseases are common in industrialized societies due to circadian disruption caused by shift work, jet lag, and social obligations. The circadian rhythm of the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) plays a critical role in regulating physiological, metabolic, and behavioral processes. However, disruptions in external cues or metabolic flexibility can lead to the development of obesity and metabolic disease. This review explores the circadian rhythm of nutrient metabolism and discusses obesity as a circadian disease.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mingming Li, Yang Xiao, Lianggui Xiao, Yu Li, Mengting Jia, Yu Sun, Tingli Pan, Lei Zhou, Yixing Li
Summary: With improvements in living standards, obesity has become an increasingly serious health issue. This study found that epigoitrin (EP) from Radix isatidis has significant potential in preventing and treating obesity. EP reduced fat accumulation, promoted glucose uptake and glycogen storage, increased energy production, and improved lipid and glucose metabolism disorders.
Review
Immunology
Caitlin Dreisbach, Hailey Morgan, Caroline Cochran, Adwoa Gyamfi, Wendy Ann Henderson, Stephanie Prescott
Summary: The intestinal microbiota changes during pregnancy and is influenced by maternal obesity. Probiotics and exercise have been found to modulate maternal weight gain and the microbiota. Supplementing Escherichia coli may worsen maternal obesity and contribute to metabolic dysregulation. Offspring exposed to a high fat and high sucrose diet during gestation may experience altered microbiota, metabolism, and behavior, leading to glucose and insulin imbalance, fatty liver, and neurobehavioral deficits. Improving the microbial environment can ameliorate these effects.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tingwei Wang, Yongli Ye, Jian Ji, Shuang Zhang, Xingxing Yang, Jiayuan Xu, Jia-Sheng Wang, Zhiyuan Chen, Bangen Xia, Hongfang Shen, Ruowei Xia, Wenqin Shi, Xiulan Sun
Summary: Astilbin consumption has significant anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory effects in high-fat diet mice. It improves gut microbial dysbiosis, enhances intestinal carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and protects the integrity of the intestinal barrier. Astilbin is a potential prebiotic for the prevention of gut-liver axis damage and metabolic disruption in obese individuals.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Vanni Caruso, Mariachiara Zuccarini, Patrizia Di Iorio, Ishaq Muhammad, Maurizio Ronci
Summary: This review discusses the molecular mechanisms leading to changes in feeding behavior within hypothalamic neurons following purinergic receptor activation, emphasizes the importance of purinergic signaling in metabolic homeostasis, and explores the possibility of targeting its receptors for therapeutic purposes.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Thalita Vieira Nascimento Ximenes, Raquel Carvalho, Iluska Senna Bonfa, Vanessa Samudio Santos, Luciane Candeloro, Flavio Macedo Alves, Denise Brentan Silva, Carlos Alexandre Carollo, Karine de Cassia Freitas Gielow, Saulo Euclides Silva-Filho, Monica Cristina Toffoli-Kadri
Summary: This study evaluated the efficacy of Baccharis trimera infusion on high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders and macrophages activation. The results showed that B. trimera prevented the development of obesity and associated comorbidities, as well as the activation of macrophages. This study validates the popular use of this plant tea.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Matuszewska, Tomasz Zalewski, Adam Klimaszyk, Kamil Ziarniak, Stefan Jurga, Agata Chmurzynska, Joanna H. Sliwowska
Summary: The study found that maternal consumption of a CAF diet affects fat content, metabolic profiles, and inflammation parameters in offspring, with these effects being sex-specific, with female offspring being more susceptible to the diet.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lin Shen, Weiyue Chen, Jiayi Ding, Gaofeng Shu, Minjiang Chen, Zhongwei Zhao, Shuiwei Xia, Jiansong Ji
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic vascular inflammatory disease, and macrophages in the plaque play a crucial role in immune response. The phenotype of plaque macrophages changes dynamically in response to the microenvironment of the plaque. Oxygen-rich microenvironment in early plaques promotes M2/alternatively activated macrophages through oxidative phosphorylation, while the hypoxic microenvironment in advanced plaques promotes M1/classically activated macrophages through anaerobic glycolysis. Additionally, angiogenesis in the adventitia of aged plaques leads to an increased proportion of M2/M1 macrophages. This review provides insights into the dynamic changes of plaque macrophages and the regulation of plaque oxygen content and immune metabolism, which may offer new targets for the treatment of atherosclerosis.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jun-Hui Choi, Ki-Man Kim, Se-Eun Park, Myung-Kon Kim, Seung Kim
Summary: This study investigated the effects of Petasites japonicus (Siebold & Zucc.) Maxim. extract (PJE) and fenofibrate on diet-induced obesity (DIO) in mice. The results showed that PJE treatment reduced feed efficiency ratio, body weight gain, and fat accumulation in the liver compared to the control group. Additionally, PJE administration improved lipid profiles, insulin resistance, and cardiac risk factors associated with DIO.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jian-rong Huang, Ming-hua Zhang, Ying-jie Chen, Yu-ling Sun, Zhi-min Gao, Zhuo-jia Li, Gui-ping Zhang, Yuan Qin, Xiao-yan Dai, Xi-yong Yu, Xiao-qian Wu
Summary: This study found that mitochondrial autophagy was significantly downregulated in the hearts of experimental obese mice. By administering the naturally occurring microflora-derived metabolite urolithin A (UA), mitophagy was activated and metabolic cardiomyopathy (MC) was improved. These findings suggest the potential therapeutic effect of UA in the treatment of MC.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fernanda Santos Thomaz, Yuen P. Tan, Craig M. Williams, Leigh C. Ward, Simon Worrall, Sunil K. Panchal
Summary: This study evaluated the content of 6-MSITC in hydroponically grown wasabi and its effects on rats fed with a high-carbohydrate, high-fat diet. Wasabi was found to reduce body weight, fat mass, plasma triglycerides, total cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood glucose concentration.
Article
Hematology
Ahmed Ludvigsen Al-Mashhadi, Henrik Cederleuf, Rasmus Kuhr Jensen, Torsten Holm Nielsen, Martin Bjerregard Pedersen, Thomas Bech Mortensen, Thomas Relander, Mats Jerkeman, Anne Ortved Gang, Anne Louise Kristensen, Michael Roost Clausen, Peter de Nully Brown, Marianne Tang Severinsen, Lasse Hjort Jakobsen, Fredrik Ellin, Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly
Summary: This study reports outcomes and prognostic factors in limited-stage nodal peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas (PTCLs) in a binational population-based setting. The study found that limited-stage PTCLs have poor survival rates after chemotherapy, but a subgroup of young patients without symptoms had very good outcomes. The choice of chemotherapy regimen did not significantly impact treatment outcomes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Martin Bodtker Mortensen, Omar Dzaye, Hans Erik Botker, Jesper Moller Jensen, Michael Maeng, Jacob Fog Bentzon, Helle Kanstrup, Henrik Toft Sorensen, Jonathon Leipsic, Ron Blankstein, Khurram Nasir, Michael J. Blaha, Bjarne Linde Norgaard
Summary: Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), but its association with ASCVD risk is modified by the presence of coronary artery calcification (CAC). This study found that LDL-C is only associated with ASCVD events in patients with CAC, and not in those without CAC. This information is valuable for individualized risk assessment among middle-aged people with or without coronary atherosclerosis.
Editorial Material
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
David Lyse Overgaard, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Lars Christian Gormsen, Michael Alle Madsen
Summary: A persistent left-sided superior vena cava (PLSVC) is a rare condition with a prevalence of 0.5% in the general population. It occurs when the left anterior cardinal vein fails to regress as the ligament of Marshall during embryologic development. Although usually asymptomatic and discovered incidentally, its recognition is important due to potential complications during invasive cardiovascular procedures. In this case report, we present an incidental finding of PLSVC in a patient referred for myocardial perfusion imaging using O-15-H2O PET/CT.
CLINICAL NUCLEAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Mads Ryo Jochumsen, David Lyse Overgaard, Mikkel Holm Vendelbo, Michael Alle Madsen, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Lars Christian Gormsen, Trine Orhoj Barkholt
Summary: The study examined extracardiac coincidental findings with increased perfusion using O-15-H2O PET MPI and found various malignant and benign conditions. It recommends evaluating the summed O-15-H2O PET images along with low-dose CT attenuation images.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Emiel P. C. van der Vorst, Sanne L. Maas, Kosta Theodorou, Linsey J. F. Peters, Han Jin, Timo Rademakers, Marion J. Gijbels, Mat Rousch, Yvonne Jansen, Christian Weber, Michael Lehrke, Corinna Lebherz, Daniela Yildiz, Andreas Ludwig, Jacob F. Bentzon, Erik A. L. Biessen, Marjo M. P. C. Donners
Summary: This study demonstrates that endothelial ADAM10 plays a protective role in the development of murine atherosclerosis, primarily by limiting inflammation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). The findings provide novel opportunities for treating atherosclerosis progression, but caution should be exercised when considering the use of ADAM10 inhibitors for therapy in other diseases.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Kimberley R. G. Cortenbach, Daniel Morales Cano, Jelena Meek, Mark A. J. Gorris, Alexander H. J. Staal, Mangala Srinivas, I. Jolanda M. de Vries, Jacob Fog Bentzon, Roland R. J. van Kimmenade
Summary: This study investigated immune cells and subsets in different stages of coronary artery disease using a novel mIHC technique. The results showed increased numbers of CD3+ T cells, CD20+ B cells, CD68+ macrophages, CD15+ neutrophils, and CD31+ endothelial cells in diseased coronary arteries compared to normal. The type of immune response did not differ substantially between different stages of plaque development.
IJC HEART & VASCULATURE
(2023)
Article
Hematology
Esmeralda A. Lewis, Rocio Muniz-Anquela, Ibon Redondo-Angulo, Leticia Gonzalez-Cintado, Veronica Labrador-Cantarero, Jacob F. Bentzon
Summary: This study found that LDL retention is the main limiting factor for LDL accumulation in the arterial wall. However, the capacity for LDL retention varies significantly over relatively short distances. The inner curvature region of the aortic arch consists of dorsal and ventral zones with high retention capacity and a central zone with low retention capacity. These features predict the temporal pattern of atherosclerosis.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jeyanthini Risikesan, Sara Heeboll, Indumathi Kumarathas, Kristian L. Funck, Esben Sondergaard, Rakel F. Johansen, Steffen Ringgaard, Lars P. Tolbod, Mogens Johannsen, Helle L. Kanstrup, Henning Gronbaek, Jan Frystyk, Lars C. Gormsen, Soren Nielsen
Summary: This study found that obese subjects with MAFLD have different myocardial free fatty acids oxidation (MOFFA), very low-density lipoprotein triglycerides (VLDL-TG) secretion, hepatic FFA utilization, and lactate production compared to obese subjects without MAFLD during exercise.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Hendrik J. Harms, Tor Clemmensen, Sara Rosengren, Lars Tolbod, Bjoern Pilebro, Gerhard Wikstrom, Sven-Olof Granstam, Tanja Kero, Marcelo Di Carli, Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen, Jens Sorensen
Summary: This study aims to investigate the characteristics of right ventricular myocardial blood flow in cardiac amyloidosis and its relationship with cardiac pressures and prognosis.
JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Thien Vinh Luong, Erik Nguyen Nielsen, Lise Falborg, Mette Louise Gram Kjaerulff, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Esben Sondergaard, Niels Moller, Ole Lajord Munk, Lars Christian Gormsen
Summary: This study used positron emission tomography (PET) to investigate the uptake and tissue kinetics of the ketone tracer (R)-[1-C-11]beta-hydroxybutyrate -([C-11]OHB) in the human body. The results showed that intravenous administration of [C-11]OHB resulted in high uptake in the heart, liver, and kidneys, while oral ingestion led to rapid appearance in the blood and uptake in the heart, liver and kidneys. The study suggests that [C-11]OHB may serve as a safe and non-invasive imaging tool for exploring ketone metabolism in organs and tissues.
EJNMMI RADIOPHARMACY AND CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nana L. Christensen, Jonny Nordstroem, Simon Madsen, Michael A. Madsen, Lars C. Gormsen, Tanja Kero, Mark Lubberink, Lars P. Tolbod
Summary: This study examined the ability of image readers to detect and correct patient motion in cardiac 15O-water PET imaging. The results showed that frame-by-frame motion correction can reduce motion artifacts and the impact of motion correction on clinical patient exams is limited.
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Jelena Jelicic, Karen Juul-Jensen, Zoran Bukumiric, Michael Roost Clausen, Ahmed Ludvigsen Al-Mashhadi, Robert Schou Pedersen, Christian Bjorn Poulsen, Peter Brown, Tarec Christoffer El-Galaly, Thomas Stauffer Larsen
Summary: This study validated and compared different IPI-like variations in DLBCL patients, and found that NCCN-IPI has the highest predictive accuracy for survival in newly diagnosed patients.
BLOOD CANCER JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Sara Rosengren, Tor Skibsted Clemmensen, Steen Hvitfeldt Poulsen, Lars Tolbod, Hendrik Harms, Gerhard Wikstroem, Tanja Kero, Bertil Thyrsted Ladefoged, Jens Soerensen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of myocardial oxygen consumption (MVO2) and myocardial external efficiency (MEE) from C-11-acetate positron emission tomography (PET) in cardiac amyloidosis (CA) patients. The results showed that reduced MEE was associated with shorter survival in CA patients, while the ratio of C-11-acetate PET-derived forward stroke volume (FSV) and left ventricular mass (LVM) (FSV/LVM) was the strongest survival predictor. These findings suggest that C-11-acetate PET parameters can serve as important indicators for prognosis assessment in CA patients.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Peter Loof Moller, Palle Duun Rohde, Jonathan Nortoft Dahl, Laust Dupont Rasmussen, Samuel Emil Schmidt, Louise Nissen, Victoria Mcgilligan, Jacob F. Bentzon, Daniel F. Gudbjartsson, Kari Stefansson, Hilma Holm, Simon Winther, Morten Bottcher, Mette Nyegaard
Summary: The study investigated whether polygenic risk scores and targeted proteomics improve the prediction of absence of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with chest pain. The results showed that incorporating targeted proteomics and polygenic risk scores substantially improved the ability to predict the absence of CAD in patients with low-intermediate CAD risk.
CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Jens Borgbjerg, Heidi S. Christensen, Rozh Al-Mashhadi, Martin Bogsted, Jens B. Frokjaer, Lise Medrud, Nis Elbrond Larsen, Jes S. Lindholt
Summary: This study provides evidence that ultra-low-dose non-contrast CT (ULDNC-CT) exhibits similar accuracy and reproducibility to CT angiography (CTA) in assessing maximal abdominal aortic diameter. The findings suggest that ULDNC-CT can be used interchangeably with CTA for evaluating aortic sizes in the lower range.
ACTA RADIOLOGICA OPEN
(2022)