Article
Infectious Diseases
Stefano Malinverni, Silvia Lazzaroni, Maia Nunez, Thierry Preseau, Frederic Cotton, Delphine Martiny, Fatima Bouazza, Vincent Collot, Deborah Konopnicki, Stephane Alard, Magali Bartiaux
Summary: Procalcitonin measured upon admission during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic should not guide antibiotic treatment in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Lisa M. Hessels, Esther Speksnijder, Nienke Paternotte, Astrid van Huisstede, Willemien Thijs, Margot Scheer, Marielle van der Steen-Dieperink, Lieve Knarren, Joop P. van Den Bergh, Kristien Winckers, Ronald Henry, Suat Simsek, COVID Predict Study Grp
Summary: PCT-guided antibiotic prescription reduces antibiotic prescription rates in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, without major safety concerns.
Article
Pediatrics
Wanyu Jia, Wenjie Dou, Huiqin Zeng, Qin Wang, Peipei Shi, Jing Liu, Zhen Liu, Jin Zhang, Jianjiang Zhang
Summary: In children with nephrotic syndrome, serum CRP, PCT, and IL-6 levels can be used for diagnosing bacterial infections. Combining these three indicators can improve diagnostic efficiency.
PEDIATRIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Gaetan Gavazzi, Sabine Drevet, Matthieu Debray, Jean Luc Bosson, Fatah Tidadini, Marc Paccalin, Benoit de Wazieres, Thomas Celarier, Marc Bonnefoy, Virginie Vitrat
Summary: The PROPAGE study evaluated the use of procalcitonin (PCT) measurements to reduce the duration of antibiotic therapy in old patients with pneumonia. The study found that monitoring PCT levels and using PCT-based algorithms could help shorten antibiotic treatment duration without negative effects.
Article
Pediatrics
Danae Dudognon, Corinne Levy, Martin Chalumeau, Sandra Biscardi, Marie-Aliette Dommergues, Francois Dubos, Karine Levieux, Marie Aurel, Philippe Minodier, Ferielle Zenkhri, Ellia Mezgueldi, Irina Craiu, Laurence Morin, Stephane Bechet, Emmanuelle Varon, Robert Cohen, Jeremie F. Cohen
Summary: In children with community-acquired pneumonia seen in the emergency department, procalcitonin (PCT) and C-reactive protein (CRP) are the best predictive biomarkers for detecting bacteremia.
FRONTIERS IN PEDIATRICS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Imad El Majzoub, Nour Kalot, Malak Khalifeh, Natalie Estelly, Tharwat El Zahran
Summary: This study aimed to determine the predictors of in-hospital mortality in COVID-19 positive cancer patients who present to the emergency department. The study found that adult cancer patients with COVID-19 infection are at higher risks of mortality if they presented with tachypnea, had a recent chemotherapy, history of congestive heart failure, high CRP, and high procalcitonin levels at presentation.
Article
Neurosciences
Xi Xiong, Haijun He, Qianqian Ye, Shuangjie Qian, Shuoting Zhou, Feifei Feng, Evandro F. Fang, Chenglong Xie
Summary: The study aims to determine the most accurate biomarkers within the ATN framework for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and predicting longitudinal cognitive decline. Results show that CSF-A, neuroimaging-T, and neuroimaging-N have the highest potential for accurate diagnosis of AD. Neuroimaging-T and CSF-N also demonstrate excellent predictive ability for cognitive decline. Overall, plasma, CSF, and neuroimaging biomarkers differ significantly within the ATN framework, with CSF-A, neuroimaging-T, and neuroimaging-N being the most accurate target biomarkers for diagnosing AD.
CNS NEUROSCIENCE & THERAPEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Keiji Oishi, Kazuto Matsunaga, Tasuku Yamamoto, Kazuki Matsuda, Yoriyuki Murata, Tsunahiko Hirano
Summary: The use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) for maintenance treatment in COPD is controversial. This review focuses on predictors of ICS therapy response, including type 2 inflammatory biomarkers, history of suspected asthma, recurrent exacerbations, and infection risk. Based on the evidence, an ICS composite has been proposed for clinical practice, combining biomarker levels, history, and infection risk.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ana Sofia Herrera-Van Oostdam, Julio Castaneda-Delgado, Juan Jose Oropeza-Valdez, Juan Carlos Borrego, Joel Monarrez-Espino, Jiamin Zheng, Rupasri Mandal, Lun Zhang, Elizabeth M. Soto-Guzman, Julio Cesar Fernandez-Ruiz, Fatima S. Ochoa-Gonzalez, Flor Trejo Medinilla, Jesus Adrian Lopez, David Wishart, Jose A. Enciso-Moreno, Yamile Lopez-Hernandez
Summary: The term viral sepsis accurately describes the multisystem dysregulation in COVID-19 patients. Metabolomic and cytokine analyses revealed distinct metabolic and inflammation patterns between mild and critically ill patients, leading to the development of powerful models for diagnosis, prognosis, and mortality prediction of COVID-19 induced sepsis.
Article
Immunology
Peng Han, Chao Hou, Xi Zheng, Lulu Cao, Xiaomeng Shi, Xiaohui Zhang, Hua Ye, Hudan Pan, Liang Liu, Tingting Li, Fanlei Hu, Zhanguo Li
Summary: This study investigated the serum antigenomic profiling in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) using label-free proteomic technology and machine-learning algorithm. The results identified potential diagnostic biomarkers and developed a model to classify different types of RA patients.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Nathan Shapiro, Michael R. Filbin, Peter C. Hou, Michael C. Kurz, Jin H. Han, Tom P. Aufderheide, Michael A. Ward, Michael S. Pulia, Robert H. Birkhahn, Jorge L. Diaz, Teena L. Hughes, Manya R. Harsch, Annie Bell, Catalina Suarez-Cuervo, Robert Sambursky
Summary: This study aimed to investigate a rapid diagnostic test that can differentiate bacterial and viral etiology of acute respiratory infections by measuring myxovirus resistance protein A (MxA) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in finger-stick blood. The results showed that the diagnostic test demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity, providing useful information for clinicians in assessing the bacterial or viral cause of acute respiratory infection symptoms.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yun Su Sim, Jin Hwa Lee, Eung Gu Lee, Joon Young Choi, Chang-Hoon Lee, Tai Joon An, Yeonhee Park, Young Soon Yoon, Joo Hun Park, Kwang Ha Yoo
Summary: We evaluated the association between COPD medications used in the 6 months before acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AE-COPD) and the pathogens identified during AE-COPD. Medical records of 1177 patients diagnosed with AE-COPD were analyzed retrospectively. The use of inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) and systemic steroid was analyzed in relation to the microorganisms identified during AE-COPD. Bacteria were more frequently identified in patients using ICS and systemic steroids, and the risk of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection increased in patients who used systemic steroids.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Review
Surgery
Zheng'ao Xu, Rui Zong, Yu Zhang, Jie Chen, Weidong Liu
Summary: This meta-analysis demonstrated that the procalcitonin level on postoperative day 3 in patients undergoing colorectal surgery has the potential to be a reliable biomarker for early diagnosis of anastomotic leakage, with higher diagnostic accuracy in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Cut-off values within the range of 0.7-1.3 ng/ml are recommended for accurate diagnosis and safe discharge.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Mathematics
Ching-Yun Wang, Ziding Feng
Summary: Diagnostic biomarkers may have measurement errors due to lab conditions or analytic variability. The ability to discriminate between cases and controls is measured by AUC, sensitivity, specificity, etc. Ignoring measurement error can lead to biased estimation of diagnostic accuracy measures. This study proposes a flexible method based on skew-normal distributions to correct bias in estimating AUC, sensitivity, and specificity. Simulation studies and application to a pancreatic cancer biomarker study are conducted to evaluate the performance of the method.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexander Jordan, Pradeesh Sivapalan, Valdemar Romer, Jens-Ulrik Jensen
Summary: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a heterogeneous disease with different phenotypes, each requiring specific treatments. Eosinophilic airway inflammation plays a role in exacerbations of some COPD patients. Blood eosinophil counts are reliable markers to determine eosinophilic phenotype, guiding the use of corticosteroids in COPD exacerbations. Procalcitonin-guided antibiotic treatment in acute exacerbations of COPD (AECOPD) shows promising results in reducing antibiotic exposure.