Article
Immunology
Jiuyi Li, Eric R. Sang, Oluwaseun Adeyemi, Laura C. Miller, Yongming Sang
Summary: This study used a whole transcriptome procedure to analyze the small RNA transcriptome and differential microRNA responses in porcine alveolar macrophages during viral infection and interferon stimulation. The results showed that interferon-mediated antiviral activity is subtype-dependent. The study identified key microRNA families involved in antiviral regulation and provided important insights into the antiviral response in pigs.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Shubin Li, Xinshuai Li, Ming Qiu, Jixiang Li, Yanzhao Xiao, Hong Lin, Wanglong Zheng, Jianzhong Zhu, Nanhua Chen
Summary: In this study, transcriptomic profiles of porcine alveolar macrophages infected with two different virulence PRRSV isolates were analyzed, revealing significant differences in gene expression levels and enriched gene sets between the two isolates. The results suggest that the distinct virulence of PRRSV isolates is associated with different host innate immune responses.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Huhe Chao, Haohai Ma, Jiadong Sun, Shuai Yuan, Peiyu Dong, Aihong Zhao, Lan Li, Wei Shen, Xifeng Zhang
Summary: The exposure to AFB1 impairs the proliferation of 3D4/2 cells and induces apoptosis through the non-coding RNA-mediated pathway.
Article
Virology
Rika Wahyuningtyas, Mei-Li Wu, Wen-Bin Chung, Hso-Chi Chaung, Ko-Tung Chang
Summary: PRRSV infects CD163-positive macrophages and skews their polarization towards an M2 phenotype, resulting in T-cell inactivation. Recombinant protein A1 antigen derived from PRRSV-2 has the potential to repolarize macrophages into the M1 subtype, reducing viral entry and promoting Th1-type immune responses. This study aims to evaluate the effects of two other recombinant antigens, A3 (ORF6L5) and A4 (NLNsp10L11), on triggering innate immune responses including Toll-like receptor (TLR) activation.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Junxin Gao, Yu Pan, Yunfei Xu, Wenli Zhang, Lin Zhang, Xi Li, Zhijun Tian, Hongyan Chen, Yue Wang
Summary: This study identified a total of 350 annotated lncRNAs and 1792 novel lncRNAs in PAMs through RNA-seq analysis, with 86 differentially expressed lncRNAs and 406 DE protein-coding mRNAs identified upon PRRSV incubation. GO category and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses revealed that these DE lncRNAs and mRNAs were mainly involved in inflammation- and pathogen infection-induced pathways. The co-expression analysis demonstrated that several lncRNAs are positively correlated with their predicted target genes, suggesting that porcine lncRNAs play a role in regulating immune responses against PRRSV infection.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Kui Xu, Yan-rong Zhou, Hai-tao Shang, Chang-jiang Xu, Ran Tao, Wan-jun Hao, Sha-sha Liu, Yu-lian Mu, Shao-bo Xiao, Kui Li
Summary: In this study, essential residues involved in PRRSV infection were identified, with CD163 523-562 shown to be necessary for mediating PRRSV infection, and CD163 R561 contributing significantly to infection but not being essential. These findings contribute to the understanding of PRRSV infection mechanisms, and CD163-R561A pigs can serve as an important model for improving pig germplasm with resistance against PRRSV.
JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE AGRICULTURE
(2023)
Article
Biology
Georgia M. Cook, Katherine Brown, Pengcheng Shang, Yanhua Li, Lior Soday, Adam M. Dinan, Charlotte Tumescheit, A. P. Adrian Mockett, Ying Fang, Andrew E. Firth, Ian Brierley
Summary: This study characterizes the transcriptome and translatome of the arterivirus porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), and analyzes the host response to infection. The study reveals an increase in programmed ribosomal frameshift (PRF) efficiency over time at both viral genomic sites. Surprisingly, the study also finds an increase in PRF efficiency at the canonical ORF1ab frameshift site, contradicting the common assumption. Additionally, several highly translated additional viral ORFs and novel viral transcripts were discovered. These findings provide insights into the gene expression programs of PRRSV.
Article
Immunology
Yanmei Wu, Xiaoxiao Song, Peishan Li, Zhaoli Wang, Zhanzhong Zhao, Tao Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to understand the effects of HP-PRRSV infection on functions of porcine pulmonary MVECs and the intervention effects of Chinese herbal ingredients on them. The results showed that HP-PRRSV infection caused inflammatory lung injury, and herbal ingredients had the potential to regulate the dysfunction of MVECs induced by viral infection.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Virology
Xiaoxiao Song, Yanmei Wu, Xianping Wu, Ge Hu, Tao Zhang
Summary: The study shows that HP-PRRSV infection can induce glycocalyx disruption of PPMVECs and changes in their surface glycoprofiling, with poly-N-acetyllactosamine and complex N-glycan being the main up-regulated and down-regulated carbohydrate chains, respectively.
Article
Microbiology
Rong Wang, Yueqiang Xiao, Qian Zhang, Liang Bai, Weirong Wang, Sihai Zhao, Enqi Liu
Summary: This study demonstrated that highly pathogenic PRRSV strain HuN4 induced significant secretion of HMGB1 and inflammatory cytokines in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), resulting in severe interstitial pneumonia in pigs. In contrast, infection with an avirulent PRRSV vaccine strain CH1R led to mild lung inflammation with minimal HMGB1 secretion.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Takumi Terada, Takeya Morozumi, Emi Wada, Shin Sukegawa
Summary: This study successfully adapted two immune-based methods, ICM and cell-based ELISA, to IPKMs for quantitative measurement of neutralizing antibody titers against field strains of PRRSV-2.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Jin, Chao Xu, Sen Wu, Zhengchang Wu, Shenglong Wu, Mingan Sun, Wenbin Bao
Summary: This study demonstrates that PEDV can infect porcine lung tissue and 3D4/21 cells and reveals the crucial role of ALKBH5 in restraining PEDV infections, at least partly, by influencing GAS6 through an m(6)A-YTHDF2-dependent mechanism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Sudthana Khlaimongkhon, Sriprapai Chakhonkaen, Keasinee Tongmark, Numphet Sangarwut, Natjaree Panyawut, Thiwawan Wasinanon, Kannika Sikaewtung, Samart Wanchana, Chareerat Mongkolsiriwatana, Julapark Chunwonges, Amorntip Muangprom
Summary: Rice is a crucial food crop for nearly half of the world's population, and its grain yields are affected by temperature changes. Thermosensitive genic male sterility (TGMS) rice is sterile at high temperatures and fertile at low temperatures, making it a good model for studying the effects of temperature on male development. Transcriptomic analysis revealed differential gene expression in TGMS rice panicles under sterile and fertile conditions, with some genes showing unique responses to temperature in TGMS plants compared to wild-type rice. These findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms controlling TGMS and rice responses to temperature alterations.
Article
Virology
Barbara N. Porto, Michael L. Litvack, Yuchen Cen, Irene Lok, Sheena Bouch, Michael J. Norris, Wenming Duan, Cameron Ackerley, Martin Post, Theo J. Moraes
Summary: The study demonstrates that ALMs generated from pluripotent stem cells can prevent RSV infection by phagocytosis of virus particles and releasing an antiviral factor. ALMs protect mice from virus-induced weight loss and reduce lung inflammation in experiments, indicating their potential prophylactic role in RSV infection.
Article
Microbiology
Jingjing Wang, Mengsi Zhang, Xiaochun Cui, Xiang Gao, Weifeng Sun, Xinna Ge, Yongning Zhang, Xin Guo, Jun Han, Lei Zhou, Hanchun Yang
Summary: This study provides direct scientific evidence for the reversion to virulence of PRRS MLV and offers valuable clues for exploring its molecular mechanism.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)