Review
Immunology
Jingrun Han, Yibo Zhang, Peng Ge, Tikam Chand Dakal, Haiyun Wen, Shuangfeng Tang, Yalan Luo, Qi Yang, Bianca Hua, Guixin Zhang, Hailong Chen, Caiming Xu
Summary: Cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) is an intracellular stress-response protein that responds to various stress stimuli by altering its expression and mRNA stability. It gets translocated from the nucleus to the cytoplasm through methylation modification and stored in stress granules. It can also be secreted out of cells through the lysosomal pathway as Extracellular CIRP (eCIRP).
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Sihan Lv, Yingqun Zhou, Jiaojiao Chen, Huiwen Yuan, Zhen-Ning Zhang, Bing Luan
Summary: Hepatic endoplasmic reticulum stress is linked to obesity-induced liver steatosis, but its influence on adipose function is unclear. This study reveals a cascade involving ATF4, CIRP, and ANGPTL3 that regulates adipose browning and is induced by ER stress in the liver.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wuming Liu, Jianbin Bi, Yifan Ren, Huan Chen, Jia Zhang, Tao Wang, Mengzhou Wang, Lin Zhang, Junzhou Zhao, Zheng Wu, Yi Lv, Bing Liu, Rongqian Wu
Summary: This study investigates the role of CIRP in the pathogenesis of severe acute pancreatitis (AP) and explores the therapeutic potential of targeting extracellular CIRP with X-aptamers. The results indicate that serum CIRP concentrations are elevated in AP mice. Recombinant CIRP induces mitochondrial injury and ER stress in pancreatic acinar cells. CIRP-deficient mice exhibit less severe pancreatic injury and inflammatory responses. By employing a bead-based X-aptamer library, a specific X-aptamer that binds to CIRP (XA-CIRP) is identified. Structurally, XA-CIRP inhibits the interaction between CIRP and TLR4. Functionally, it attenuates CIRP-induced pancreatic acinar cell injury in vitro and L-arginine-induced pancreatic injury and inflammation in vivo. Therefore, targeting extracellular CIRP with X-aptamers could be a promising strategy for treating AP.
Article
Immunology
Allison R. Wagner, Haley M. Scott, Kelsi O. West, Krystal J. Vail, Timothy C. Fitzsimons, Aja K. Coleman, Kaitlyn E. Carter, Robert O. Watson, Kristin L. Patrick
Summary: The study reveals that SR/hnRNPs proteins play a crucial role in regulating macrophage gene expression and alternative splicing, with different functions in infected and uninfected cells. These proteins influence thousands of macrophage transcripts in differential isoform usage, impacting immune response and susceptibility to pathogens. The findings suggest a model where pre-mRNA splicing is critical for controlling innate immune gene expression and infection outcomes in macrophages ex vivo.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Weichao Sun, Adele P. Bergmeier, Yi Liao, Shiyong Wu, Lingying Tong
Summary: CIRP is a critical protein in irradiated cells, affecting DNA damage and cell apoptosis rates, and could serve as a potential target for sensitizing cancer cells to radiation therapy.
RADIATION RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eleonora A. Braga, Marina V. Fridman, Alexey M. Burdennyy, Vitaly I. Loginov, Alexey A. Dmitriev, Irina V. Pronina, Sergey G. Morozov
Summary: Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), primarily through competing binding with microRNAs (miRNAs). However, other mechanisms involving RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) that increase the stability of target mRNAs, and potential involvement of lncRNAs in m6A modification, have also been reported. Analysis of target proteins using the DAVID database and protein interactions using the STRING website revealed that JAK-STAT and Hippo signaling pathways, cytokine pathways, VEGFA-VEGFR2 pathway, cell cycle regulation, and neovascularization are the most relevant pathways affected by lncRNAs in NSCLC.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiu Zhang, Shengbang Wang, Wei Wang, Liumei Song, Shuo Feng, Jingping Wang, Tong Kang, Peiwen Yang, Ning Wang, Pengju Yang, Ruimin Bai, Yongping Shao, Yan Zheng
Summary: This study found that eCIRP is increased in psoriasis patients and psoriatic mice, and can promote the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and the activation of NF-kappaB and ERK1/2 signaling pathways. However, C23 can block the effects of eCIRP and alleviate psoriatic dermatitis. This indicates that eCIRP plays an important role in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and may be a new target for psoriasis treatment.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Mingming Li, Min Yao, Kangmei Shao, Xueyang Shen, Zhaoming Ge, Yongnan Li
Summary: This study found that the serum levels of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) are elevated in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and are associated with the severity and prognosis of the disease. The serum CIRP levels were significantly correlated with the severity of cerebral infarction and poor prognosis. Therefore, serum CIRP levels can serve as an important biomarker for assessing brain injury in AIS patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Myeongwoo Jung, Eunbyul Ji, Hoin Kang, Chongtae Kim, Seungyeon Ryu, Sukyoung Han, Seongho Cha, Eun Kyung Lee
Summary: Dysregulation of gene expression is critical for cancer progression. This study identified miR-195-5p as a novel regulator governing hnRNP A1 expression, which plays a role in enhancing the migration and invasion of liver cancer cells. miR-195-5p interferes with hnRNP A1-mediated cell migration by targeting hnRNP A1.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Sarju J. Patel, Olga Protchenko, Minoo Shakoury-Elizeh, Ethan Baratz, Shyamalagauri Jadhav, Caroline C. Philpott
Summary: The multifunctional adaptor protein PCBP1 coordinates single-stranded nucleic acids and iron-glutathione complexes, with separate activities controlling cell cycle progression and DNA damage suppression while maintaining cell viability. Amino acid residues required for iron coordination on each structural domain of PCBP1 were identified, confirming their essential function in binding target proteins. The coevolution of RNA/DNA binding and iron chaperone activities provides an advantage for nucleic acid processing dependent on iron cofactors.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Liyi Mo, Lijuan Meng, Zhicheng Huang, Lan Yi, Nanyang Yang, Guoqing Li
Summary: This paper reviews the regulation and dysregulation of HnRNP C in cancers. HnRNP C interacts with various biological molecules and plays a role in regulating the stability and translation of cancer genes. It is considered as a potential biomarker and valuable for prognosis evaluation.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xi Zhang, Hin Chu, Kenn Ka-Heng Chik, Lei Wen, Huiping Shuai, Dong Yang, Yixin Wang, Yuxin Hou, Terrence Tsz-Tai Yuen, Jian-Piao Cai, Shuofeng Yuan, Feifei Yin, Kwok-Yung Yuen, Jasper Fuk-Woo Chan
Summary: This study reveals that MERS-CoV infection increases the co-expression of circRNAs and mRNAs, and hnRNP C is identified as a key regulator in this process. Targeting hnRNP C-related signaling pathways could be an effective strategy against coronaviruses.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Jianguo Feng, Jianlong Zhou, Yunxiao Lin, Wenhua Huang
Summary: This article highlights the importance of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNP A1) in regulating RNA metabolism and its dysregulation in various diseases. The selective binding sites of hnRNP A1 to RNA and DNA are summarized, along with the co-regulatory factors that interact with hnRNP A1. The potential therapeutic implications of targeting hnRNP A1 are discussed, including small-molecule drugs and biomedicines.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Ali Jahanbazi Jahan-Abad, Hannah E. Salapa, Cole D. Libner, Patricia A. Thibault, Michael C. Levin
Summary: This study reveals the dysfunction of RNA binding protein hnRNP A1 in oligodendrocytes (OLs) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) as well as in an animal model of MS. The dysfunction of hnRNP A1 is associated with alterations in RNA metabolism, cell morphology, and programmed cell death pathways in OLs, leading to detrimental effects on OL functioning and survival. These findings suggest a potential mechanism of OL damage and death in MS.
Review
Immunology
Peng Zhong, Jianye Peng, Mingjie Yuan, Bin Kong, He Huang
Summary: CIRP is a crucial stress-response protein that can adapt to various stress conditions intracellularly and act as a pro-inflammatory factor extracellularly in inflammatory settings. Genetic studies have highlighted the key role of eCIRP in inflammatory diseases, emphasizing the importance of targeting eCIRP in these conditions.
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)