Article
Fisheries
Danni Liu, Yue Zhang, Mingzhu Pan, Mengxi Yang, Xinxin Li, Yonghao Fu, Weihua Gao, Wenbing Zhang, Kangsen Mai
Summary: Juvenile turbots fed with diets containing 16% carbohydrate and 1.5 mg/kg biotin exhibited the best growth performance and glucose metabolism. Biotin decreased postprandial plasma glucose levels regardless of carbohydrate levels, indicating its potential in improving glucose regulation in juvenile turbot.
Article
Fisheries
Shuaibo Li, Zhigang Yang, Hongyan Tian, Shengjie Ren, Wuxiao Zhang, Aimin Wang
Summary: Understanding the effects of dietary nutrient ratios on crayfish health and growth can help improve aquaculture production. This study found that an optimal carbohydrate-to-lipid ratio promoted growth performance in red swamp crayfish.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alexandra A. Tsitrina, Noreen Halimani, Irina N. Andreichenko, Marat Sabirov, Mikhail Nesterchuk, Nataliya O. Dashenkova, Roman Romanov, Elena V. Bulgakova, Arsen Mikaelyan, Yuri Kotelevtsev
Summary: 4-methylumbelliferone (4MU) is a well-known inhibitor of hyaluronic acid synthesis and approved for cholestasis treatment. In animal models, 4MU has various effects including reducing inflammation, fibrosis, body weight, serum cholesterol, insulin resistance, as well as inhibiting tumor progression and metastasis. Through database analysis and transcriptome analysis, potential targets of 4MU were identified as enzymes and transcription factors, including members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. These findings suggest that 4MU has multiple targets and can regulate cell metabolism.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Li-Xiang Wu, Yi-Chuang Xu, Christer Hogstrand, Tao Zhao, Kun Wu, Yi-Huan Xu, Wei Liu, Zhi Luo
Summary: The study revealed that high dietary carbohydrate intake leads to lipid accumulation in the intestinal tract, but lipophagy can alleviate this through upregulation of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Additionally, the ROS-AKT-Beclin1-dependent activation mechanism of autophagy is associated with the lipid accumulation induced by high carbohydrate and glucose intake.
JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuqin Wang, Eylan Yutuc, William J. Griffiths
Summary: In vertebrates, every cell is capable of synthesizing and metabolizing cholesterol, with the major pathway being conversion to bile acids. The intermediates in the bile acid biosynthesis pathways are important signaling molecules and play a key role in aiding lipid absorption in the intestine. The acidic pathway of bile acid biosynthesis may have evolved primarily to generate these signaling molecules, with the production of bile acids being an added bonus for hepatocytes.
Article
Fisheries
Wei-Liang Chen, Ya-Ping Ge, Miao Sun, Chao-Fan He, Ling Zhang, Wen-Bin Liu, Hong-Xia Li, Xiang-Fei Li
Summary: This study found that dietary supplementation of xylooligosaccharides (XOS) can improve carbohydrate metabolism, growth performance and glycolipid metabolism of fish. Specifically, feeding 1.0% XOS can increase nitrogen retention efficiency, liver glycogen content, regulate the expression of key genes, and decrease fatty acid and cholesterol levels.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erjun Wei, Ping He, Runpeng Wang, Sheng Xu, Yiling Zhang, Qiang Wang, Xudong Tang, Zhongyuan Shen
Summary: Afidopyropen exhibits moderate toxicity to silkworms, causing reduced growth, vitality, silk protein synthesis, and fecundity. Transcriptome sequencing reveals differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to immune function and carbohydrate metabolism in response to afidopyropen exposure.
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Alyssa A. Carrell, Dusan Velickovic, Travis J. Lawrence, Benjamin P. Bowen, Katherine B. Louie, Dana L. Carper, Rosalie K. Chu, Hugh D. Mitchell, Galya Orr, Lye Meng Markillie, Sara S. Jawdy, Jane Grimwood, A. Jonathan Shaw, Jeremy Schmutz, Trent R. Northen, Christopher R. Anderton, Dale A. Pelletier, David J. Weston
Summary: The symbiosis between Sphagnum and Nostoc is driven by pH, with certain metabolic exchanges and physiological processes involved. Metatranscriptome analysis revealed insights into the underlying mechanisms of this plant-cyanobacterial interaction.
Article
Fisheries
Tiancong Ren, Haiyan Liu, Xutao Zhang, Peiyu Zhang, Qian Gao, Xinyue Jia, Tong Xu, Tongtong Yue, Zhencai Yang
Summary: Alpha-starch significantly improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate of juvenile Chinese soft-shelled turtles compared to glucose, sucrose, and cellulose. Glucose and cellulose diets showed poor growth performance and metabolism in turtles.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ya-Li Wang, Song-Xia Lin, Yuan Wang, Tao Liang, Tao Jiang, Peng Liu, Xiao-Yi Li, Deng-Qin Lang, Qiang Liu, Chun-Yan Shen
Summary: p-Synephrine has significant antioxidant effects and can ameliorate diabetes mellitus by inhibiting oxidative stress.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Weiyun Zhang, Peiyi Luo, Xiaohan Liu, Ruoxi Cheng, Shuxian Zhang, Xiao Qian, Fang Liu
Summary: Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) have been extensively studied for their role in regulating essential cellular activities and have recently been found to play a crucial role in the formation of intricate connections within the nervous system. FGF and FGFR signaling pathways are important in axon guidance, where they act as chemoattractants or chemorepellents. This review provides an overview of the functions of FGFs in axonal navigation and discusses the mechanisms involved, including intracellular signaling integration and cytoskeleton dynamics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Aleksandra Szlas, Jakub Michal Kurek, Zbigniew Krejpcio
Summary: L-arginine is a safe endogenous amino acid involved in various regulatory functions in the body. It may be helpful in managing disturbed metabolism, regulating blood pressure, and alleviating type 2 diabetes symptoms, but the mechanisms underlying these effects are not fully understood.
Article
Plant Sciences
Vincenzo De Rocchis, Alexandra Jammer, Iris Camehl, Philipp Franken, Thomas Roitsch
Summary: This study shows that root endophytic fungi can influence plant carbohydrate metabolism by altering sucrose synthesis and allocation, promoting plant growth, and regulating biomass allocation between roots and leaves.
JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ronghui Yang, Chuanzhen Yang, Lingdi Ma, Yiliang Zhao, Zihao Guo, Jing Niu, Qiaoyun Chu, Yingmin Ma, Binghui Li
Summary: This study reveals the pathophysiological role of deregulated purine biosynthesis in NADH accumulation-associated disorders and demonstrates the utility of manipulating NADH/NAD(+) and NADPH/NADP(+) using genetic tools. The authors develop a genetic tool to manipulate the ratios of cellular NADH/NAD(+) and NADPH/NADP(+), and identify purine biosynthesis as an NADH-sensing pathway to mediate reductive stress.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Andrzej Miturski, Tomasz Geca, Aleksandra Stupak, Wojciech Kwasniewski, Anna Semczuk-Sikora
Summary: Higher BMI before pregnancy is associated with increased risk of maternal and perinatal complications. This study found that pregestational obesity does not significantly affect carbohydrate metabolism in pregnant women, but it does disturb lipid profile, resulting in increased triglycerides and decreased HDL cholesterol levels. Obesity also increases leptin and resistin concentrations in pregnant women's serum, which may be caused by increased adipose tissue volume. The concentration of leptin in umbilical cord blood is positively correlated with birth weight, suggesting its contribution to the pathomechanism of macrosomia.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bruno Cecyre, Ismael Bachand, Francois Papineau, Chloe Brochu, Christian Casanova, Jean-Francois Bouchard
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2020)
Article
Biology
Hosni Cherif, Daniel G. Bisson, Matthew Mannarino, Oded Rabau, Jean A. Ouellet, Lisbet Haglund
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Catherine Argyriou, Anna Polosa, Ji Yun Song, Samy Omri, Bradford Steele, Bruno Cecyre, Devin S. McDougald, Erminia Di Pietro, Jean-Francois Bouchard, Jean Bennett, Joseph G. Hacia, Pierre Lachapelle, Nancy E. Braverman
Summary: This study evaluated PEX1 retinal gene augmentation therapy in a mouse model of Zellweger spectrum disorder, showing partial normalization of peroxisomal metabolic functions and significantly improved retinal response after therapeutic vector treatment. These results suggest the potential for retinal gene delivery to improve vision in patients with peroxisome biogenesis disorders.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-METHODS & CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Samuel Laroche, Aurelie Stil, Philippe Germain, Hosni Cherif, Sylvain Chemtob, Jean-Francois Bouchard
Summary: The study demonstrated that L-lactate and its receptor GPR81 play a crucial role in the growth of retinal ganglion cell axons by promoting growth cone morphology and axon growth. This effect is mediated by protein kinases A and C and has a significant impact on the development of the visual nervous system in mice.
Article
Neurosciences
Catarina Micaelo-Fernandes, Joseph Bouskila, Jean-Francois Bouchard, Maurice Ptito
Summary: The expression of the endocannabinoid system, including CB1R, NAPE-PLD, and FAAH, has been well-characterized in the retina of rodents and monkeys. Recent studies have also found the presence of CB1R in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus of vervet monkeys. The eCB system in the visual pulvinar region modulates visual thalamic inputs and visual perception, with CB1R colocalized with VGLUT2-positive axon terminals and NAPE-PLD and FAAH colocalized with calbindin in PI neurons.
Article
Ophthalmology
Dan Samaha, Vasile Diaconu, Jean Francois Bouchard, Charlene Desalliers, Ariane Dupont
Summary: The study found that topical latanoprostene bunod significantly increases blood volume and oxygen saturation at the optic nerve head in healthy individuals compared to latanoprost. Further research is needed to determine if similar effects can be observed in patients with glaucomatous optic neuropathy.
OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Joseph Bouskila, Maxime Bleau, Catarina Micaelo-Fernandes, Jean-Francois Bouchard, Maurice Ptito
Summary: The endocannabinoid system is found in various visual parts of the central nervous system, including the monkey retina, and is involved in processing visual information in species like monkeys and humans. Cannabinoid receptors, including CB1R, CB2R, GPR55, and TRPV1, play a role in regulating normal retinal function. Research on the expression patterns of cannabinoid receptors in the retina is ongoing, with potential applications in understanding and potentially treating retinal diseases.
Article
Neurosciences
Joseph Bouskila, Maxime Bleau, Catarina Micaelo-Fernandes, Jean-Francois Bouchard, Maurice Ptito
Summary: Recent studies have shown that cannabinoid receptors play an important role in primate vision, specifically in cone-mediated responses. By using photopic flicker ERG and URB597 as a selective inhibitor, researchers were able to increase ffERG amplitudes at a frequency that solely recruits cone activity. These results support the involvement of FAAH-degraded molecules in cone-mediated vision in non-human primates.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hosni Cherif, Matthew Mannarino, Alain Sarabia Pacis, Jiannis Ragoussis, Oded Rabau, Jean A. Ouellet, Lisbet Haglund
Summary: In this study, single-cell transcriptomic analysis was used to identify new biomarkers for nucleus pulposus (NP) and inner annulus fibrosis (iAF) cells in intervertebral discs (IVD). The analysis also provided insights into the cell populations within non-degenerating and degenerating IVD. The findings suggest potential functional differences linked to degeneration and among NP and iAF subpopulations, and also propose specific cell type and predictive IVD degeneration genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Catarina Micaelo-Fernandes, Joseph Bouskila, Roberta M. Palmour, Jean-Francois Bouchard, Maurice Ptito
Summary: Among the deficits in visual processing that accompany healthy aging, the earliest originate in the retina. Moreover, sex-related differences in retinal function have been increasingly recognized. This study investigates the dynamics of the retinal aging trajectory and finds sex-specific changes in older individuals, suggesting ongoing degenerative processes in the retinal circuitry.
Meeting Abstract
Ophthalmology
Cleophace Akitegetse, Jasmine Poirier, Nicolas Lapointe, Eric Hamel, Joannie Desroches, Natasha Dargis, Roberta Palmour, Maurice Ptito, Jean-Francois Bouchard
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Li Li, Kai Sheng, Matthew Mannarino, Peter Jarzem, Hosni Cherif, Lisbet Haglund
Summary: This study found that o-Vanillin affects cell communication between human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) and intervertebral disc cells (DCs), enhances hMSC differentiation, and improves DC phenotype. o-Vanillin can increase EV release and uptake, as well as reduce the number of senescent cells.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Matthew Mannarino, Oliver Wu-Martinez, Kai Sheng, Li Li, Rodrigo Navarro-Ramirez, Peter Jarzem, Jean A. Ouellet, Hosni Cherif, Lisbet Haglund
Summary: This study aimed to determine if combining o-Vanillin and RG-7112 could more efficiently remove senescent cells and reduce inflammatory factors and pain mediators in degenerating intervertebral disc (IVD) cells. The results showed that the combination of these two senolytic drugs significantly reduced the amount of senescent IVD cells, proinflammatory cytokines, and neurotrophic factors. These findings support the potential of senolytics as a promising treatment for IVD-related low back pain.
Article
Rheumatology
Matthew Mannarino, Hosni Cherif, Li Li, Kai Sheng, Oded Rabau, Peter Jarzem, Michael H. Weber, Jean A. Ouellet, Lisbet Haglund
Summary: The study found that activation of TLR-2/6 induced senescence and increased TLR-2 and SASP expression in cells from both degenerating and non-degenerating human intervertebral discs. Treatment with o-vanillin reduced senescence and SASP expression, suggesting it as a potential therapeutic option for patients with disc degeneration and back pain.
ARTHRITIS RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
