Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Josef P. Rauschecker, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: Study investigated effective connectivity between auditory cortical regions and other cortical regions using data from 171 Human Connectome Project participants. A hierarchy of auditory cortical processing was identified, from core regions to belt regions and onward to higher-level regions. The study also found connections between auditory regions, visual regions, and language-related semantic regions, suggesting the involvement of multimodal processing in object identification and language comprehension.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Axelle Calcus, Jaime A. Undurraga, Deborah Vickers
Summary: This study aimed to simultaneously record both subcortical (FFR) and cortical (ACC) responses and determine the best recording parameters. The results indicate that the best capture of both subcortical and cortical responses can be achieved at slow alternation rates (1 Hz) in the low-frequency range.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Andrew C. Gallup, Sabina Wozny
Summary: Humans are capable of contagious yawning in response to yawning stimuli from different species, regardless of phylogenetic proximity or domestication. This suggests that the mechanisms behind contagious yawning are generalized and can be triggered by diverse representations of yawning.
Article
Neurosciences
Peter P. Ujma, Orsolya Szalardy, Daniel Fabo, Lorand Eross, Robert Bodizs
Summary: Slow waves are major pacemakers of NREM sleep oscillations, mainly generated by cortical neurons. This study found that thalamic activity during slow waves is highly similar to scalp activity, with different frequency bands observed during downstates and upstates. These results suggest that thalamic activity is primarily driven by global cortical activity, while smaller thalamocortical neuron assemblies may initiate cortical oscillations.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Koun Onodera, Hiroyuki K. Kato
Summary: The authors demonstrate that translaminar feedback projections from layer 5 suppress activity in superficial layers and enhance feature selectivity in the primary auditory cortex.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Edmund T. Rolls, Gustavo Deco, Chu-Chung Huang, Jianfeng Feng
Summary: Using the HCP-MMP atlas, the effective connectivity between visual cortical regions in human brain was investigated. Different visual streams were found to be involved in object recognition, scene representations, language systems, and social behavior. These streams are connected hierarchically and interact with reward systems and memory systems.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Anna Wirz-Justice, Debra J. Skene, Mirjam Munch
Summary: Daylight plays a crucial role in mammalian vision and non-visual functions, influencing mood, cognition, and sleep, as well as contributing to disease prevention and overall health.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
D. Bruegger, M. Abegg
Summary: The study introduces a new method for delivering visual stimuli at specific phases of the cortical theta oscillations by fitting sine waves to raw EEG data. Results show significant phase locking and superior performance compared to existing methods in terms of mean phase offset, circular standard deviation, and prediction latency.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2021)
Article
Mathematics, Applied
Pau Clusella, Bastian Pietras, Ernest Montbrio
Summary: Researchers derive a Kuramoto model corresponding to a weakly coupled population of nearly identical quadratic integrate-and-fire neurons with both electrical and chemical coupling. They find that the ratio of chemical to electrical coupling critically determines the synchronization properties of the network. They also demonstrate that the presence of both electrical and chemical coupling is necessary for chimera states to exist.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Eunsoo Moon, Paola Lavin, Kai-Florian Storch, Outi Linnaranta
Summary: Antipsychotics may affect healthy circadian rhythms, decreasing cortisol, melatonin, and body temperature amplitudes. Longitudinal real-time monitoring of specific circadian markers is necessary to determine the optimal timing for administering antipsychotics.
PROGRESS IN NEURO-PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY & BIOLOGICAL PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Charles W. Dickey, Ilya A. Verzhbinsky, Xi Jiang, Burke Q. Rosen, Sophie Kajfez, Emad N. Eskandar, Jorge Gonzalez-Martinez, Sydney S. Cash, Eric Halgren
Summary: Hippocampal and cortical ripples play important roles in memory consolidation during non-REM sleep. Cortical ripples in humans have similar characteristics to those during wakefulness and are associated with upstates and spindles. They potentially contribute to neuronal coactivation and memory consolidation through spike-timing plasticity.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tomotaka Tanaka, Kazuki Fukuma, Soichiro Abe, Soichiro Matsubara, Shuhei Ikeda, Naruhiko Kamogawa, Hiroyuki Ishiyama, Satoshi Hosoki, Katsuya Kobayashi, Akihiro Shimotake, Yuriko Nakaoku, Soshiro Ogata, Kunihiro Nishimura, Masatoshi Koga, Kazunori Toyoda, Riki Matsumoto, Ryosuke Takahashi, Akio Ikeda, Masafumi Ihara
Summary: This study aimed to assess the relationship between post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) and neuroimaging findings of hemosiderin, and to determine if the addition of hemosiderin markers improves risk stratification models of PSE. The results showed that cortical superficial siderosis and cortical microbleeds were associated with PSE, and the new models with these markers demonstrated better predictive performance of PSE compared to existing models.
ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Daniel Toker, Ioannis Pappas, Janna D. Lendner, Joel Frohlich, Diego M. Mateos, Suresh Muthukumaraswamy, Robin Carhart-Harris, Michelle Paff, Paul M. Vespa, Martin M. Monti, Friedrich T. Sommer, Robert T. Knight, Mark D'Esposito
Summary: This study identifies a critical point near which waking cortical oscillatory dynamics operate, known as the edge-of-chaos critical point, and discusses the impact of this critical point on consciousness and its potential clinical applications.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yoshinori S. Kawai
Summary: Brain waves of different frequencies (gamma to delta) are widely studied and believed to be a communication mechanism for specific functions. Cross-frequency coupling (CFC), involving the fastest gamma range as information carrier, is well-documented, but the phase-phase CFC via the slowest delta and theta waves is rarely described. Animal brainstem, including humans, which utilize the slowest waves, has rarely been reported for CFC. Harmonic rhythms of different frequencies can cross-couple to sustain robust consonance despite perturbations.
Article
Immunology
Corinne A. Auger, Valentina Perosa, Steven M. Greenberg, Susanne J. van Veluw, Mariel G. Kozberg
Summary: This study found a strong relationship between iron deposition and reactive astrogliosis on the surface of the cortex.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Levente Hadady, Peter Klivenyi, Daniel Fabo, Sandor Beniczky
Summary: This study evaluated the direct user experience with wearable seizure detection devices in the home environment. The results showed that users were overall satisfied with the device, found it easy to use, and believed that it improved their quality of life. In the home environment, most users experienced seizure detection sensitivity similar to previous validation studies, with a relatively low false alarm rate. The use of the device resulted in a decrease in seizure-related injuries for some patients and improved the accuracy of seizure diaries for the majority. Nonvalidated devices had lower retention rate, satisfaction, sensitivity, and improvement in quality of life compared to validated devices.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Levente Hadady, Peter Klivenyi, Emilio Perucca, Stefan Rampp, Daniel Fabo, Csaba Bereczki, Guido Rubboli, Ali A. Asadi-Pooya, Michael R. Sperling, Sandor Beniczky
Summary: The study validated that the use of the algorithm recommending ASMs based on individual characteristics is associated with better outcomes compared to using less desirable ASMs, including higher retention rates, higher seizure freedom rates, and fewer discontinuations due to adverse effects. The freely available decision support system proved to be beneficial for healthcare professionals in prescribing medication for individuals with epilepsy.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Estilla Zsofia Toth, Felicia Gyoengyver Szabo, Agnes Kandracs, Noemi Orsolya Molnar, Gabor Nagy, Attila G. Bago, Lorand Eross, Daniel Fabo, Boglarka Hajnal, Bence Racz, Lucia Wittner, Istvan Ulbert, Kinga Toth
Summary: Inhibitory neurons play a crucial role in synchronous events, especially in epileptic patients; in focal cortical epilepsy, parvalbumin cells have a stronger influence.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Orrin Devinsky
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timothee Proix, Jaime Delgado Saa, Andy Christen, Stephanie Martin, Brian N. Pasley, Robert T. Knight, Xing Tian, David Poeppel, Werner K. Doyle, Orrin Devinsky, Luc H. Arnal, Pierre Megevand, Anne-Lise Giraud
Summary: Researchers extracted consistent and specific neural features from patients performing speech production tasks and found that low-frequency power and cross-frequency dynamics play a key role in decoding imagined speech.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Muge Ozker, Werner Doyle, Orrin Devinsky, Adeen Flinker
Summary: Hearing one's own voice is crucial for fluent speech production and can help detect and correct vocalization errors in real time. Research has found that both the auditory cortex and the dorsal precentral gyrus play important roles in processing auditory error signals during speech production.
Article
Psychology, Biological
Sam Norman-Haignere, Laura K. Long, Orrin Devinsky, Werner Doyle, Ifeoma Irobunda, Edward M. Merricks, Neil A. Feldstein, Guy M. McKhann, Catherine A. Schevon, Adeen Flinker, Nima Mesgarani
Summary: The human brain integrates information across multiple timescales to derive meaning from sound. Our study reveals that the auditory cortex hierarchically integrates across diverse timescales ranging from 50 to 400 ms, and different neural populations with short and long integration windows exhibit distinct functional properties.
NATURE HUMAN BEHAVIOUR
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Smriti Patodia, Alyma Somani, Joan Liu, Alice Cattaneo, Beatrice Paradiso, Maria Garcia, Muhammad Othman, Beate Diehl, Orrin Devinsky, James D. Mills, Jackie Foong, Maria Thom
Summary: Multiple lines of evidence suggest a link between deficient serotonin function and SUDEP, with chronic treatment using serotonin reuptake inhibitors shown to reduce the risk factors associated with SUDEP. Decreased medullary serotonergic neurons, which regulate respiration in response to hypercapnia, have been found in post-mortem SUDEP cases. Additionally, the high innervation of serotonergic neurons in the amygdala and hippocampus, regions involved in seizure-related respiratory dysregulation, further supports the potential involvement of altered serotonergic networks in SUDEP.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Jerzy P. P. Szaflarski, Orrin Devinsky, Merrick Lopez, Yong D. D. Park, Pilar Pichon Zentil, Anup D. D. Patel, Elizabeth A. A. Thiele, Robert T. T. Wechsler, Daniel Checketts, Farhad Sahebkar
Summary: The CBD expanded access program initiated in 2014 provided additional CBD treatment for patients with treatment-resistant epilepsies. The study showed that CBD treatment was effective in reducing seizure frequency and had an acceptable safety profile for long-term use in patients with treatment-resistant epilepsies.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Robert J. Flamini, Anne M. Comi, E. Martina Bebin, Michael G. Chez, Gary Clark, Orrin Devinsky, Shaun A. Hussain, Paul D. Lyons, Anup D. Patel, Jillian L. Rosengard, Farhad Sahebkar, Eric Segal, Laurie Seltzer, Jerzy P. Szaflarski, Arie Weinstock
Summary: The CBD Expanded Access Program provided CBD treatment to patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy and showed a significant reduction in seizure frequency. CBD was well tolerated and effective in treating both convulsive and nonconvulsive seizure types. Controlled trials are needed to further confirm these findings.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Pavel Klein, Gregory L. Krauss, Bernhard J. Steinhoff, Orrin Devinsky, Michael R. Sperling
Summary: Despite the approval of numerous antiseizure medications (ASMs), a significant number of epilepsy patients still experience seizures. Two new ASMs, cenobamate and fenfluramine, have shown improved efficacy in reducing seizures with sustained results. However, these medications are underutilized, likely due to limited knowledge, access restrictions, and insufficient post-launch information about their efficacy and safety. Addressing these issues can improve seizure control and ultimately reduce morbidity and mortality in epilepsy patients.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Joseph Sullivan, Lieven Lagae, J. Helen Cross, Orrin Devinsky, Renzo G. Guerrini, Kelly Knupp, Linda Laux, Marina Nikanorova, Tilman Polster, Dinesh Talwar, Berten Ceulemans, Rima M. Nabbout, Gail S. Farfel, Bradley R. Galer, Arnold Gammaitoni, Michael Lock, Anupam E. Agarwal, Ingrid Scheffer, FAiRE DS Study Grp
Summary: This study examined the safety and effectiveness of fenfluramine in treating convulsive seizures in patients with Dravet syndrome. The results showed that patients treated with fenfluramine had lower seizure frequency and longer interval between seizures compared to the placebo group. Common side effects of fenfluramine were observed, but no evidence of severe cardiac or vascular issues was found.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Laura Gould, Victoria Delavale, Caitlin Plovnick, Thomas Wisniewski, Orrin Devinsky
Summary: Febrile seizures are associated with an increased risk of epilepsy and rare cases of sudden unexplained death. Mortality rates varied in different studies, with some reporting no deaths and others identifying a significant percentage of deaths associated with febrile seizures. Minor hippocampal histopathological anomalies were common in sudden deaths with or without a history of febrile seizures. Most electroencephalography (EEG) studies were normal, and neuroimaging studies suggested increased right hippocampal volumes. Longer-term prospective studies are needed to fully understand the outcomes of simple or brief complex febrile seizures.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rodrigo Ordonez Sierra, Lizeth Katherine Pedraza, Livia Barcsai, Andrea Pejin, Qun Li, Gabor Kozak, Yuichi Takeuchi, Anett J. Nagy, Magor L. Lorincz, Orrin Devinsky, Gyoergy Buzsaki, Antal Berenyi
Summary: Dysregulated fear reactions can be caused by maladaptive processing of trauma-related memories. By manipulating hippocampal SWRs and cortical oscillations, fear extinction can be enhanced in male rats. The modified fear memories become resistant to recall and do not spontaneously reemerge. This effect is mediated by D2 receptor signaling-induced synaptic remodeling in the basolateral amygdala. These findings demonstrate the potential of neuromodulation in augmenting extinction learning and provide a new avenue for anxiety disorder treatments.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Heather E. Olson, Sam Amin, Nadia Bahi-Buisson, Orrin Devinsky, Eric D. Marsh, Elia Pestana-Knight, Rajsekar R. Rajaraman, Alex A. Aimetti, Eva Rybak, Fanhui Kong, Ian Miller, Joseph Hulihan, Scott Demarest
Summary: This study reports the 2-year safety and clinical outcomes of ganaxolone treatment in patients with CDD. The results show that ganaxolone significantly reduces major motor seizure frequency and maintains its efficacy and safety over the long term.
