Article
Microbiology
Sarah Atta, Chandrashan Perera, Regis P. Kowalski, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: Fungal keratitis (FK) is a challenging condition to diagnose and treat. This retrospective study reviewed FK cases at a medical center in Pennsylvania, USA, and found that the most common risk factors were contact lens use, recent ocular trauma/abrasion, and history of ocular surgery. The majority of cases were treated with topical and oral voriconazole, and surgical management was necessary in some cases.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yingxin Chen, Xingya Miao, Minghong Gao, Lixin Song
Summary: The study evaluated the efficacy of modified corneal cross-linking (CXL) compared with intrastromal voriconazole injection for treating fungal corneal ulcers. Results showed that CXL had better control of infection, localized lesion resolution, and accelerated epithelialization compared to stromal injection. However, there were no significant differences in ulcer healing rate and visual acuity between the two treatment groups.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Elena Koudouna, Marcela Huertas-Bello, Cristian Nicolas Rodriguez, Sandra Consuelo Henao, Myriam Lucia Navarrete, Marcel Yecid Avila
Summary: Genipin demonstrated bactericidal and fungicidal effects against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans in an ex vivo model, significantly reducing colony-forming units compared to saline treatment, suggesting its potential as a novel ophthalmic antimicrobial agent against microbial keratitis.
TRANSLATIONAL VISION SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jamie H. Choi, Erin S. Ong, Wuqaas M. Munir
Summary: This study aims to determine if social media and Google search data can be used to identify seasonal and geographic trends in the incidence of corneal ulcers in the United States. The data collected from Instagram, Twitter, and Google trends between 2017 and 2021 suggest that social media and Google trends may indeed reflect these patterns.
EYE & CONTACT LENS-SCIENCE AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Imran Mohammed, Debasmita Mohanty, Dalia G. Said, Manas Ranjan Barik, Mamatha M. Reddy, Ahmed Alsaadi, Sujata Das, Harminder Singh Dua, Ruchi Mittal
Summary: AMP expression is a consistent feature of FK, with HBD-1 and -2 being most consistently expressed while LL-37 is the least, indicating a certain specificity of AMP expression related to FK. These results will aid in identifying HBD sequence templates for designing FK-specific peptides for potential therapeutic use.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Veena Mayya, Sowmya Kamath Shevgoor, Uma Kulkarni, Manali Hazarika, Prabal Datta Barua, U. Rajendra Acharya
Summary: Microbial keratitis is a common infection of the cornea, which can be challenging to diagnose and is often misdiagnosed, but early and accurate diagnosis can prevent vision impairment.
Article
Ophthalmology
Matthew Green, Susan Zhang, Thomas Nadivulath, Andrew Apel, Fiona Stapleton
Summary: This study found that positive cultures in suspected microbial keratitis were associated with older age, poor visual acuity, contact lens-related keratitis, anterior chamber reaction, and no prior treatment with antibiotics.
CONTACT LENS & ANTERIOR EYE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Julia Shatten, Roheena Kamyar, Deepinder Dhaliwal, Regis P. Kowalski, Vishal Jhanji
Summary: This study demonstrates a low rate of fungal keratitis and endophthalmitis after corneal transplant, even with positive rim cultures. Positive rim cultures do not appear to increase the risk of postoperative fungal infection in the recipient.
OCULAR IMMUNOLOGY AND INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Shuyi Liu, Shifeng Fang, Lijun Zhang
Summary: Adjuvant PACK-CXL treatment can accelerate the healing of fungal keratitis. However, more rigorous randomized controlled trials are needed to determine its clinical efficacy and safety.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Napaporn Tananuvat, Phit Upaphong, Chulaluck Tangmonkongvoragul, Muanploy Niparugs, Winai Chaidaroon, Monsicha Pongpom
Summary: The study evaluated the etiology and prognostic factors for fungal keratitis (FK) and found that ocular trauma was the major predisposing factor in Northern Thailand, with Fusarium being the most common identified pathogen. Many cases were refractory to medications and required surgical intervention, with advanced age, delayed treatment, and large lesion size being predictors for poor outcomes.
JOURNAL OF INFECTION
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Kishan Gupta, Rutuja Unhale, Omai B. Garner, Sophie X. Deng, Simon S. M. Fung
Summary: This study examined the longitudinal trends and resistance patterns of infectious keratitis in referral centers in Southern California. The results showed a shift towards Staphylococcus species, with increased Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcus (CoNS) and decreased methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased over time.
Article
Ophthalmology
Farhad Hafezi, Ana Munzinger, David Goldblum, Mark Hillen, Tamer Tandogan
Summary: This case report highlights the successful treatment of fungal keratitis resistant to standard antimicrobial therapy through repeated high-fluence accelerated photoactivated chromophore for keratitis-corneal cross-linking (PACK-CXL). PACK-CXL can be an effective primary therapy, although fungal keratitis may require higher fluences.
Review
Ophthalmology
Celia Garcia-Lopez, Marina Rodriguez-Calvo-de-Mora, Davide Borroni, Jose-Maria Sanchez-Gonzalez, Vito Romano, Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada
Summary: During infectious keratitis, the overexpression of MMPs, particularly MMP-2 and MMP-9, leads to the degradation of corneal collagen and can cause complications. Nonspecific treatments like tetracyclines and corticosteroids are used as adjuvants to antimicrobials to alleviate corneal degradation and inflammation. Specific MMP inhibitors, pro-MMP activator inhibitors, and anti-cytokine agents have also been reported. Further studies are needed to investigate the potential of these treatments in managing infectious keratitis.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Dharshini Gounder, Archana Thool
Summary: The cornea is the main refracting surface of the eye, and any disease affecting it can lead to severe visual impairment. In India's rural areas, infective corneal ulcers are a major cause of visual impairment. Penetrating keratoplasty plays a crucial role in treating refractory keratitis, impending perforation, or eyes with corneal perforation.
CUREUS JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Stephen Tuft, Tobi F. Somerville, Ji-Peng Olivia Li, Timothy Neal, Surjo De, Malcolm J. Horsburgh, Joanne L. Fothergill, Daniel Foulkes, Stephen Kaye
Summary: Bacterial keratitis is a common corneal infection that can lead to severe visual loss, but there are uncertainties surrounding its diagnosis criteria and bacterial resistance. Current treatment strategies and research are primarily based on systemic administration data, without sufficient consideration for local corneal concentrations and biological activity.
PROGRESS IN RETINAL AND EYE RESEARCH
(2022)