Article
Biology
Munevver Baran, Arzu Yay, Gozde Ozge Onder, Fazile Canturk Tan, Betul Yalcin, Esra Balcioglu, Oguz Galip Yildiz
Summary: This study investigated the potential protective effects of quercetin on radiation-induced liver and kidney damage in rats. The results showed that quercetin could alleviate the histopathological and immunohistochemical changes in liver and kidney tissues caused by radiation, as well as reduce DNA damage and oxidative stress.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Arun Kumar, Sandeep Choudhary, Somesh Kumar, Jawahar S. Adhikari, Seema Kapoor, Nabo K. Chaudhury
Summary: Melatonin plays a role in recovering the hematopoietic system of irradiated mice by inducing G-CSF mediated radioprotection and related mechanisms. Different doses of melatonin, with 20mg/kg as the optimal dose, effectively reduce radiation-induced DNA damage and cell death.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nima Shiry, Seyed Jalil Alavinia, Federica Impellitteri, Seyed Jamal Alavinia, Caterina Faggio
Summary: This research looked at the consequences of MTBE contamination on rainbow trout, focusing on oxidative stress, genotoxicity, and histopathological damage. The results showed that MTBE exposure caused significant alterations in rainbow trout, including increased oxidative stress, dose-dependent DNA damage, and abnormalities in liver and gill tissues. The study highlights the possible sub-lethal effects of MTBE contamination on rainbow trout and emphasizes the need to address this issue.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Isisdoris Rodrigues-Souza, Jacqueline Beatriz Kasmirski Pessatti, Lucas Rafael da Silva, Daniel de Lima Bellan, Irisdoris Rodrigues de Souza, Marta Margarete Cestari, Helena Cristina Silva de Assis, Hugo Alexandre Oliveira Rocha, Fernanda Fogagnoli Simas, Edvaldo da Silva Trindade, Daniela Morais Leme
Summary: This study evaluated the genotoxic/antigenotoxic potentials of sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds. The results showed that these polysaccharides have strong antigenotoxic activity against oxidative chemical, reducing DNA damage by blocking the initiation step of the oxidative chain reaction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Adriana Rodriguez-Garraus, Maria Alonso-Jauregui, Ana-Gloria Gil, Inigo Navarro-Blasco, Adela Lopez de Cerain, Amaya Azqueta
Summary: A new material composed of kaolin base with silver nanoparticles was developed as an alternative to antibiotics in animal feed. In an in vivo geno-toxicological evaluation in rats, the material showed no adverse effects when administered orally at a dose of 2000 mg/kg b.w. for 28 days. The material did not induce micronuclei or DNA damage in various tissues, and silver content in target organs confirmed the negative results.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Mahnaz Barmshuri, Bahman Kholdebarin, Saber Sadeghi
Summary: Using MTT and Comet assay techniques in algal studies can provide researchers with prominent features about photosynthesis and genomes. The reduction of MTT in unicellular algal cells mostly reflects the activity of chloroplasts. The application of MTT and Comet assay techniques is recommended for monitoring environmental hazards.
ALGAL RESEARCH-BIOMASS BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lise Barbe, Stephanie Lam, Austin Holub, Zohreh Faghihmonzavi, Minnie Deng, Rajshri Iyer, Steven Finkbeiner
Summary: DNA damage is a common cellular feature in cancer and neurodegenerative disease, but there is a lack of fast and accurate methods for quantifying DNA damage. The comet assay is a biochemical tool that measures DNA damage based on the migration of broken DNA strands towards a positive electrode, creating a quantifiable 'tail' behind the cell. However, the analysis of comets using existing open-source algorithms is time-consuming and requires manual curation. To overcome these limitations, we developed AutoComet, an open-source algorithm that automates comet segmentation and quantification of tail parameters. AutoComet significantly improves segmentation accuracy and reduces analysis time over ten-fold, providing a fast and unbiased method for quantifying DNA damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hussin Muhammad, Tengku Aideed Syah Tg Abu Bakar, Muhamad Faizul Adhzim Yusery, Norizah Awang, Wan Mazlina Md Saad, Elda Nurafnie Ibnu Rasid, Mohamad Fawzi Mahomoodally, Maizatul Hasyima Omar
Summary: The aqueous extract of Dioscorea hispida showed an effect on DNA damage in rat's placental tissues, possibly related to necrosis of placental cells.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Saihong Yan, Jun Wang, Ziting Zheng, Fenfen Ji, Liang Yan, Lihua Yang, Jinmiao Zha
Summary: Benzophenone-type ultraviolet (UV) filters (BPs) are commonly used in sunscreens, fragrances, and plastics, but they pose a great threat to aquatic organisms. This study investigated the toxicity and mechanism of BPs in Chinese rare minnows and found that they caused significant alterations in cell cycle, DNA replication, and repair pathways, as well as DNA damage and apoptosis.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenjie Zhang, Xiaoming Xia, Jinhua Wang, Lusheng Zhu, Jun Wang, Guangchi Wang, Yangyang Chen, Young Mo Kim
Summary: The study utilized artificial soil poisoning method to investigate the antioxidative stress mechanism and gene changes of earthworms (Eisenia foetida) after exposure to nitenpyram. The toxic effects were analyzed comprehensively using the IBRv2 method, showing significant impact on the physiological and genetic levels of earthworms.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Paula Brielle Pontes, Ana Elisa Toscano, Diego Cabral Lacerda, Eulalia Rebeca da Silva Araujo, Paulo Cesar Trindade da Costa, Swane Miranda Alves, Jose Luiz de Brito Alves, Raul Manhaes-de-Castro
Summary: Polyphenol supplementation during early life has been found to reduce oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in diseases caused by oxygen deprivation. Evidence suggests that it may also alleviate brain injury and modulate adaptive responses involving phenotypical plasticity. The administration of polyphenols during early life period shows potential in modulating inflammatory and oxidative stress that cause impairments in locomotion, cognitive, and behavioral functions throughout life.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Serena Galati, Giovanni DalCorso, Antonella Furini, Rosaria Fragni, Chiara Maccari, Paola Mozzoni, Gianluigi Giannelli, Annamaria Buschini, Giovanna Visioli
Summary: This study assessed the DNA damage caused by cadmium in the hyperaccumulator Noccaea caerulescens and the non-accumulator Arabidopsis thaliana. The results showed that Noccaea caerulescens had less DNA damage compared to Arabidopsis thaliana under cadmium treatment. Furthermore, Noccaea caerulescens exhibited increased CpG DNA methylation and MET1 gene expression, suggesting epigenetic modifications to preserve genome integrity and enhance cadmium tolerance.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Alex Zohmachhuana, Malsawmdawngliana, F. Lalnunmawia, Vabeiryureilai Mathipi, K. Lalrinzuali, N. Senthil Kumar
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant and anti-cancer activities of different parts of Curcuma aeruginosa Roxb. The methanol extracts from C. aeruginosa showed cytotoxicity against lung adenocarcinoma and cervical cancer cells, induced DNA damage, and up-regulated caspase activity. Additionally, bioactive compounds identified from the plant have been found to possess anti-cancer properties.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Julia Buchmueller, Anne-Margarethe Enge, Antonia Peters, Johanna Ebmeyer, Jan-Heiner Kuepper, Bernd Schaefer, Albert Braeuning, Stefanie Hessel-Pras
Summary: This study investigated the genotoxic profile of varying degrees of esterification of unsaturated pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs). The results revealed that diester-type PAs had more pronounced effects than monoester-type PAs, including cytotoxicity, DNA damage, and cell cycle perturbation. Additionally, in vitro experiments showed that lasiocarpine had aneugenic effects.
FOOD AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Claudia Castro, Ana Carvalho, Isabel Gaivao, Jose Lima-Brito
Summary: The study evaluated the tolerance of four wine-producing varieties to different concentrations of Cu by treating V. vinifera cuttings with Cu-rich hydroponic solutions. It was found that 50μM Cu treatment increased DNA damage, with 'Tinto Cao' being the most sensitive variety. Comet-FISH analysis revealed partial damage on rDNA and telomeric DNA in response to Cu treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sara Al-Hassan, Hala Attia, Hatun Alomar, Maha Arafa, Rehab A. Ali
Summary: Amiodarone (AMD) induces lung inflammation and fibrosis via the MAPKs/AP-1 pathway, which can be mitigated by vitamin D and losartan with anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tahani Alshammari, Sarah Alseraye, Rawabi Alqasim, Aleksandra Rogowska, Nouf Alrasheed, Musaad Alshammari
Summary: This study evaluates the prevalence of anxiety and stress among health sciences college students in Saudi Arabia after the introduction of virtual learning. The findings indicate that more than half of the participants have a risk of moderate to severe anxiety, with higher risks observed in women, single individuals, and junior students. The study underscores the need for gender-based tailored mental health support systems and the development of programs and platforms that support student interaction and guidance-seeking, particularly for those at higher risk of stress.
SAUDI PHARMACEUTICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Tahani K. Alshammari, Aljawharah M. Alkhodair, Hanan A. Alhebshi, Aleksandra M. Rogowska, Awatif B. Albaker, Nouf T. AL-Damri, Anfal F. Bin Dayel, Asma S. Alonazi, Nouf M. Alrasheed, Musaad A. Alshammari
Summary: Conducted during the second wave of the pandemic, this cross-sectional study examined the predictors of mental health in Saudi undergraduate students, focusing on sleep quality, physical activity, exposure to COVID-19, and its impact. The results showed that strict quarantine and job loss among loved ones were associated with a higher risk of depression. Depression was also strongly associated with anxiety, sleep quality, and the perceived negative impact of COVID-19 on socio-economic status.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Hala Attia, Norah Albekairi, Layal Albdeirat, Arwa Soliman, Reem Rajab, Hend Alotaibi, Rehab Ali, Amira Badr
Summary: Chrysin can protect against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) by activating the ACE2/Ang (1-7)/Mas axis.
OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Afaf El-Malah, Taghreed A. Ibrahim, Hala Attia, Basma G. Eid, Amina M. Bagher, Lenah S. Binmahfouz, Nadia M. Sokkar
Summary: The study revealed strong commitment among participants in healthy habits, preventive measures, healthy food habits, and beliefs about the use of natural products during the COVID-19 pandemic. Demographic characteristics did not significantly affect participants' commitment to these practices. Most participants believed in the benefits of using natural products to prevent infection or reduce the duration of treatment for COVID-19.
PHARMACY PRACTICE-GRANADA
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Layla Al-Kharashi, Hala Attia, Aljazzy Alsaffi, Toka Almasri, Maha Arafa, Iman Hasan, Hanaa Alajami, Rehab Ali, Amira Badr
Summary: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication of rhabdomyolysis (RM) characterized by muscle damage leading to renal oxidative stress, inflammation, and activation of toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) and NOD-like receptor protein-3 (NLRP-3) inflammasome. This study investigates the protective effects of antioxidants pentoxifylline (PTX) and thiamine (TM) on these pathways. The results show that PTX and TM improve renal function, reduce oxidative stress and inflammation, and attenuate the over-expression of apoptotic marker c-myc and proteins associated with pyroptosis.
TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Tahani Alshammari, Sarah Alseraye, Aleksandra Rogowska, Nouf Alrasheed, Musaad Alshammari
Summary: Stress-related disorders are common among first-year college students, and gaming disorder is linked to anxiety, depression, and sleep disorders. Female students scored higher in anxiety and depression compared to males. Depression is strongly correlated with anxiety, and both are moderately associated with sleep quality. Gaming is positively related to depression, anxiety, and sleep quality. Interestingly, students in health sciences tracks showed lower sleep quality. Various factors, including anxiety, sleep quality, gaming, painkiller use, and gender, explain 64% of the variance in depression. Mediation models suggest that the association between gaming and depression is indirectly mediated by sleep quality, and sleep quality may be directly mediated by anxiety.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sarah M. M. AL-Qabbaa, Samaher I. I. Qaboli, Tahani K. K. Alshammari, Maha A. A. Alamin, Haya M. M. Alrajeh, Lama A. A. Almuthnabi, Rana R. R. Alotaibi, Asma S. S. Alonazi, Anfal F. F. Bin Dayel, Nawal M. M. Alrasheed, Nouf M. M. Alrasheed
Summary: This study examined the therapeutic effects of sitagliptin, a dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitor, on diabetic nephropathy (DN). The results showed that sitagliptin can reduce inflammation and improve DN by inhibiting PTP1B and modulating the JAK/STAT signaling pathway.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hanan Y. Aati, Hala Attia, Razan Babtin, Najla Al-Qahtani, Juergen Wanner
Summary: Shazab, known as Ruta chalepensis L., is a culinary plant commonly used in ethnomedicine for treating various diseases. This study characterized the essential oil extracted from Saudi Arabian species and assessed its antioxidant activity. The oil was found to contain aliphatic ketones, particularly 2-undecanone and 2-nonanone, which exhibited strong antioxidant properties.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Amira M. Badr, Layla A. Al-Kharashi, Hala Attia, Samiyah Alshehri, Hanaa N. Alajami, Rehab A. Ali, Yasmen F. Mahran
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the protective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and chlorogenic acid (CGA) against cisplatin (Cp)-induced nephrotoxicity. The results showed that Cp can lead to renal dysfunction, oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and cell apoptosis. NAC and CGA were found to protect the kidney from Cp-induced damage by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress pathways.
Article
Neurosciences
Alaa Alharthi, Fawaz Alasmari, Shakir D. Alsharari, Nouf M. Alrasheed, Musaad A. Alshammari, Tahani K. Alshammari
Summary: This study examined the effects of first-trimester prenatal exposure to e-cigarettes on behavior and molecular levels. The findings revealed that adolescents exposed to e-cigarettes exhibited abnormal behavior, reduced cognitive capacity, and self-administration of nicotine. This suggests that prenatal exposure to e-cigarettes may increase the risk of nicotine addiction during adolescence.
Article
Toxicology
Hala Attia, Afraa Alzoubi, Nour Al-anazi, Aliah Alshanwani, Naglaa El-Orabi, Alaa Alanteet, Raeesa Mohamad, Rehab Ali
Summary: Tamoxifen has toxic effects on pancreatic tissue through oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. Cardamom aqueous extract can alleviate the damage caused by Tamoxifen in the pancreas.
TOXICOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lara F. Almutabagani, Raghad A. Almanqour, Jawza F. Alsabhan, Abdulaziz M. Alhossan, Maha A. Alamin, Haya M. Alrajeh, Asma S. Alonazi, Ahmed M. El-Malky, Nouf M. Alrasheed
Summary: The study investigated the relationship between treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and inflammation in both human and animal models. The human study involved a retrospective cohort study with 206 participants, while the animal experiments used adult male Wistar rats. Inflammatory biomarkers were measured and the results showed a significant association between inflammation and TRD in both studies. The study also found that chronic stress and high inflammation hindered the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine, suggesting that treating inflammation could improve the antidepressant effect in patients with TRD.
NEUROLOGY INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
N. M. Alrasheed, A. S. Alonazi, N. M. Alrasheed, T. K. Alshammari, A. F. Bin Dayel, M. A. Alamin, D. A. Albuaijan, D. N. Alassiri, A. F. Aljarbua, F. K. Almusaytir, A. O. Alharbi
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Alaa A. Alanteet, Hala A. Attia, Sameerah Shaheen, Musaed Alfayez, Bisher Alshanawani
Summary: The study showed that liraglutide can inhibit the proliferation of MCF-7 breast cancer cells in obese conditions by modulating adipokines levels, offering a potential treatment option for obese patients with breast cancer.