A Review of the Current Evidence on Gadolinium Deposition in the Brain

Gadolinium Retention, Brain T1 Hyperintensity, and Endogenous Metals

(2018) Marlène Rasschaert et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Low-Molecular-Weight Iron Chelates May Be an Alternative to Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents for T1-weighted Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging

(2018) Philipp Boehm-Sturm et al.   RADIOLOGY

Longitudinal Assessment of Dentate Nuclei Relaxometry during Massive Gadobutrol Exposure

(2018) Enrico Tedeschi et al.   Magnetic Resonance in Medical Sciences

Quantification and Assessment of the Chemical Form of Residual Gadolinium in the Brain After Repeated Administration of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

(2017) Thomas Frenzel et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Chelated or dechelated gadolinium deposition

(2017) Alexander Radbruch et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Gadolinium deposition in the brain: summary of evidence and recommendations

(2017) Vikas Gulani et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Distribution map of gadolinium deposition within the cerebellum following GBCA administration

(2017) Donna R. Roberts et al.   NEUROLOGY

Signal intensity at unenhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance in the globus pallidus and dentate nucleus after serial administrations of a macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent in children

(2017) Maria Camilla Rossi Espagnet et al.   PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY

Reply to Radbruch et al.: ‘interpreting signal-intensity ratios without visible T1 hyperintensities in clinical gadolinium retention studies’

(2017) Maria Camilla Rossi Espagnet et al.   PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY

Interpreting signal-intensity ratios without visible T1 hyperintensities in clinical gadolinium retention studies

(2017) Alexander Radbruch et al.   PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY

Gadolinium retention in the body: what we know and what we can do

(2017) Enrico Tedeschi et al.   Radiologia Medica

Gadolinium Brain Deposition after Macrocyclic Gadolinium Administration: A Pediatric Case-Control Study

(2017) Daniel Tibussek et al.   RADIOLOGY

Gadolinium Retention and Deposition Revisited: How the Chemical Properties of Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents and the Use of Animal Models Inform Us about the Behavior of These Agents in the Human Brain

(2017) Robert E. Lenkinski   RADIOLOGY

Clearance of Gadolinium from the Brain with No Pathologic Effect after Repeated Administration of Gadodiamide in Healthy Rats: An Analytical and Histologic Study

(2017) Adrian P. L. Smith et al.   RADIOLOGY

Pediatric Brain: Repeated Exposure to Linear Gadolinium-based Contrast Material Is Associated with Increased Signal Intensity at Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Imaging

(2017) Thomas F. Flood et al.   RADIOLOGY

Pediatric Brain: No Increased Signal Intensity in the Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images after Consecutive Exposure to a Macrocyclic Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent

(2017) Alexander Radbruch et al.   RADIOLOGY

Is There Long-term Signal Intensity Increase in the Central Nervous System on T1-weighted Images after MR Imaging with the Hepatospecific Contrast Agent Gadoxetic Acid? A Cross-sectional Study in 91 Patients

(2017) Johannes Kahn et al.   RADIOLOGY

No Signal Intensity Increase in the Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images after More than 20 Serial Injections of Macrocyclic Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents

(2017) Alexander Radbruch et al.   RADIOLOGY

Gadolinium Deposition in Human Brain Tissues after Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging in Adult Patients without Intracranial Abnormalities

(2017) Robert J. McDonald et al.   RADIOLOGY

Extent of Signal Hyperintensity on Unenhanced T1-weighted Brain MR Images after More than 35 Administrations of Linear Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents

(2017) Yang Zhang et al.   RADIOLOGY

Nitroxide-Based Macromolecular Contrast Agents with Unprecedented Transverse Relaxivity and Stability for Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Tumors

(2017) Hung V.-T. Nguyen et al.   ACS Central Science

The presence of the gadolinium-based contrast agent depositions in the brain and symptoms of gadolinium neurotoxicity - A systematic review

(2017) Cyprian Olchowy et al.   PLoS One

Pediatric Patients Demonstrate Progressive T1-Weighted Hyperintensity in the Dentate Nucleus following Multiple Doses of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent

(2016) D.R. Roberts et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY

Gadolinium in Humans: A Family of Disorders

(2016) Richard C. Semelka et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY

Signal Change in the Dentate Nucleus on T1-Weighted MR Images After Multiple Administrations of Gadopentetate Dimeglumine Versus Gadobutrol

(2016) Yan Cao et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF ROENTGENOLOGY

Progressive increase of T1 signal intensity in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus on unenhanced T1-weighted MR images in the pediatric brain exposed to multiple doses of gadolinium contrast

(2016) Donna R. Roberts et al.   BRAIN & DEVELOPMENT

In vivo dentate nucleus MRI relaxometry correlates with previous administration of Gadolinium-based contrast agents

(2016) Enrico Tedeschi et al.   EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY

Penetration and distribution of gadolinium-based contrast agents into the cerebrospinal fluid in healthy rats: a potential pathway of entry into the brain tissue

(2016) Gregor Jost et al.   EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY

Signal Increase on Unenhanced T1-Weighted Images in the Rat Brain After Repeated, Extended Doses of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

(2016) Gregor Jost et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Intraindividual Analysis of Signal Intensity Changes in the Dentate Nucleus After Consecutive Serial Applications of Linear and Macrocyclic Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

(2016) Alexander Radbruch et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Macrocyclic and Other Non–Group 1 Gadolinium Contrast Agents Deposit Low Levels of Gadolinium in Brain and Bone Tissue

(2016) Nozomu Murata et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Linear Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents Are Associated With Brain Gadolinium Retention in Healthy Rats

(2016) Philippe Robert et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Association Between Gadolinium Contrast Exposure and the Risk of Parkinsonism

(2016) Blayne Welk et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Quantitative assessment of gadolinium deposition in dentate nucleus using quantitative susceptibility mapping

(2016) Takuya Hinoda et al.   JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Can gadolinium be re-chelated in vivo? Considerations from decorporation therapy

(2016) John P. Prybylski et al.   MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Gadolinium based contrast agents (GBCA): Safety overview after 3 decades of clinical experience

(2016) Emanuel Kanal   MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Are some agents less likely to deposit gadolinium in the brain?

(2016) Alexander Radbruch   MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Gadolinium deposition in the brain: Lessons learned from other metals known to cross the blood–brain barrier

(2016) John P. Prybylski et al.   MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Gadopentetate but not gadobutrol accumulates in the dentate nucleus of multiple sclerosis patients

(2016) Ludwig Schlemm et al.   Multiple Sclerosis Journal

Increased signal intensities in the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus on unenhanced T1-weighted images: evidence in children undergoing multiple gadolinium MRI exams

(2016) Houchun H. Hu et al.   PEDIATRIC RADIOLOGY

Epidemiology of multiple sclerosis

(2016) E. Leray et al.   REVUE NEUROLOGIQUE

Gadopentetate but not gadobutrol accumulates in the dentate nucleus of multiple sclerosis patients

(2016) Ludwig Schlemm et al.   Multiple Sclerosis Journal

Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent Accumulation and Toxicity: An Update

(2015) J. Ramalho et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY

What Evidence Is There That Gadobutrol Causes Increasing Signal Intensity within the Dentate Nucleus and Globus Pallidus on Unenhanced T1W MRI in Patients with RRMS?

(2015) Jacob Agris et al.   EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY

Increasing signal intensity within the dentate nucleus and globus pallidus on unenhanced T1W magnetic resonance images in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: correlation with cumulative dose of a macrocyclic gadolinium-based contrast agent, gadobutrol

(2015) Dragan A. Stojanov et al.   EUROPEAN RADIOLOGY

Mono-, Bi-, and Trinuclear Bis-Hydrated Mn2+ Complexes as Potential MRI Contrast Agents

(2015) Attila Forgács et al.   INORGANIC CHEMISTRY

Gadodiamide and Dentate Nucleus T1 Hyperintensity in Patients With Meningioma Evaluated by Multiple Follow-Up Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Examinations With No Systemic Interval Therapy

(2015) Carlo Cosimo Quattrocchi et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Increased Signal Intensity in the Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-Weighted Images After Gadobenate Dimeglumine Administration

(2015) Lukas D. Weberling et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

T1-Weighted Hypersignal in the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei After Repeated Administrations of Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents in Healthy Rats

(2015) Philippe Robert et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

High-Signal Intensity in the Dentate Nucleus and Globus Pallidus on Unenhanced T1-Weighted Images

(2015) Alexander Radbruch et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

High Signal Intensity in Globus Pallidus and Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images: Evaluation of Two Linear Gadolinium-based Contrast Agents

(2015) Joana Ramalho et al.   RADIOLOGY

High Signal Intensity in Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images: Association with Linear versus Macrocyclic Gadolinium Chelate Administration

(2015) Tomonori Kanda et al.   RADIOLOGY

Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent Accumulates in the Brain Even in Subjects without Severe Renal Dysfunction: Evaluation of Autopsy Brain Specimens with Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectroscopy

(2015) Tomonori Kanda et al.   RADIOLOGY

Intracranial Gadolinium Deposition after Contrast-enhanced MR Imaging

(2015) Robert J. McDonald et al.   RADIOLOGY

Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis Manifesting a Decade After Exposure to Gadolinium

(2015) Krista N. Larson et al.   JAMA Dermatology

Analytical Interference in Serum Iron Determination Reveals Iron Versus Gadolinium Transmetallation With Linear Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents

(2014) Nathalie Fretellier et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Progressive Increase of T1 Signal Intensity of the Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced Magnetic Resonance Images Is Associated With Cumulative Doses of Intravenously Administered Gadodiamide in Patients With Normal Renal Function, Suggesting Dechelation

(2014) Yuri Errante et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Diagnosing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in the post-FDA restriction era

(2014) Laura K. Thomson et al.   JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Brain-wide pathway for waste clearance captured by contrast-enhanced MRI

(2013) Jeffrey J. Iliff et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

High Signal Intensity in the Dentate Nucleus and Globus Pallidus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images: Relationship with Increasing Cumulative Dose of a Gadolinium-based Contrast Material

(2013) Tomonori Kanda et al.   RADIOLOGY

A Paravascular Pathway Facilitates CSF Flow Through the Brain Parenchyma and the Clearance of Interstitial Solutes, Including Amyloid  

(2012) J. J. Iliff et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Dentate Nucleus T1 Hyperintensity in Multiple Sclerosis: Fig 1.

(2011) M. Absinta et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NEURORADIOLOGY

Gadolinium released from MR contrast agents is deposited in brain tumors: in situ demonstration using scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy

(2010) Daniel Xia et al.   ACTA RADIOLOGICA

Stability of Gadolinium-Based Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents in Human Serum at 37°C

(2010) Thomas Frenzel et al.   INVESTIGATIVE RADIOLOGY

Hyperintense Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images Is Associated with a History of Brain Irradiation

(2010) Seiko Kasahara et al.   RADIOLOGY

Functional Imaging of the Deep Cerebellar Nuclei: A Review

(2009) Christophe Habas   CEREBELLUM

Primer on gadolinium chemistry

(2009) A. Dean Sherry et al.   JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Biodistribution of gadolinium-based contrast agents, including gadolinium deposition

(2009) Silvio Aime et al.   JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING

Multiple Sclerosis: Hyperintense Dentate Nucleus on Unenhanced T1-weighted MR Images Is Associated with the Secondary Progressive Subtype

(2009) Luca Roccatagliata et al.   RADIOLOGY

An epidemic outbreak of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in a Danish hospital

(2008) Peter Marckmann   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY

Changes in Background Blood–Brain Barrier Integrity Between Lacunar and Cortical Ischemic Stroke Subtypes

(2008) Joanna M. Wardlaw et al.   STROKE