Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qi Guo, Shicheng Cao, Xiaohong Wang
Summary: Exercise can improve the pathogenic changes in adiponectin and betatrophin levels in insulin-resistant mice. This effect is achieved by increasing adiponectin levels and reducing betatrophin levels through exercise.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Hsiang-Han Kao, Hua-Shui Hsu, Tai-Hsien Wu, Hui-Fen Chiang, Hui-Ying Huang, Hui-Ju Wang, Gloria Yang, Wen-Yuan Lin
Summary: Both high-intensity and low-intensity exercise patterns benefit insulin sensitivity, with significant improvements in the obese group observed with short-duration high-intensity exercise. The adiponectin/leptin ratio increased significantly only among normal weight participants with the low-intensity exercise intervention.
OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2021)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Yi-Lin Tsai, Sean Chun-Chang Chen
Summary: The study found that increasing physical activity by 1 MET-hour/week was associated with a 12% lower risk of NAFLD. Moderate-intensity physical activity of 28 min/week could offset the increased risk of NAFLD caused by an annual BMI increase of 0.1 kg/m(2). There was also an additional 35% risk reduction when physical activity increase (1 MET-hour/week) and weight loss (0.1 kg/m(2)) occurred simultaneously.
JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Ludovico Abenavoli, Tiziana Larussa, Alessandro Corea, Anna Caterina Procopio, Luigi Boccuto, Marcello Dallio, Alessandro Federico, Francesco Luzza
Summary: NAFLD, characterized by a wide spectrum of liver disorders, is considered a major public health issue globally. Polyphenols, known for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, are believed to have potential benefits in preventing and treating NAFLD, though limited human clinical trials are available.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuka Kurosaka, Shuichi Machida, Yoko Shiroya, Hideki Yamauchi, Kumiko Minato
Summary: Exercise can reduce hepatic fat accumulation induced by dietary restriction in Zucker fatty rats. The expression levels of FAT/CD36 and FABP1 may play a role in this process.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Brittany L. Moyce Gruber, Laura K. Cole, Bo Xiang, Mario A. Fonseca, Julianne Klein, Grant M. Hatch, Christine A. Doucette, Vernon W. Dolinsky
Summary: Adiponectin deficiency contributes to the development of fatty liver during pregnancy and is associated with GDM. Adiponectin knockout mice developed hepatic steatosis and exhibited glucose and pyruvate intolerance during pregnancy.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Jorge Infante-Menendez, Andrea R. Lopez-Pastor, Tamara Gonzalez-Illanes, Paula Gonzalez-Lopez, Raquel Huertas-Larez, Esther Rey, Agueda Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Carmelo Garcia-Monzon, Nikita P. Patil, Melina Vega de Ceniga, Aaron B. Baker, Almudena Gomez-Hernandez, Oscar Escribano
Summary: This study shows that let-7d-5p is up-regulated in NAFLD and may have important roles in the pathophysiology of the disease. The expression of let-7d-5p is correlated with obesity and decreased expression of AKT, IGF1, IGF1R, and INSR. The findings suggest that let-7d-5p could be a potential diagnostic biomarker for NAFLD.
LIVER INTERNATIONAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marzieh Montazeri, Maryam Zarkesh, Azita Zadeh-Vakili, Davood Khalili, Monireh Movahedi, Alireza Khalaj
Summary: This study examined the association between PI3K and Akt expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue with daily physical activity in non-diabetic obese and non-obese adults. The results showed that obese individuals had lower VAT PI3K expression but higher SAT PI3K expression in active individuals. There was also an increase in VAT Akt expression in active participants. These findings suggest that physical activity has beneficial effects for obese individuals through the acceleration of the PI3K/Akt pathway in adipose tissue.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Songhua Zhang, Aryanna Sousa, Mengqui Lin, Ayako Iwano, Rishubh Jain, Bing Ma, Chang Min Lee, Jin Wook Park, Suchitra Kamle, Rolf Carlson, Ghun Geun Lee, Jack A. Elias, Jack R. Wands
Summary: The recently discovered human glycoprotein Chi3L1 has been found to potentially play a role in inflammation, tissue remodeling, and visceral fat accumulation. Inhibition of the Chi3L1 gene could reduce lipid accumulation and improve insulin signaling in the liver. High-fat diet induced increased Chi3L1 expression in the liver, while anti-Chi3L1 monoclonal antibodies partially restored insulin signaling and decreased hepatic lipid accumulation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Helena Leal, Joao Cardoso, Patricia Valerio, Marta Quatorze, Vitor Carmona, Janete Cunha-Santos, Luis Pereira de Almeida, Claudia Pereira, Claudia Cavadas, Pedro Gomes
Summary: The protein SIRT2 is found to play a role in the regulation of hepatic lipid metabolism and its activation might be a therapeutic strategy against obesity and its metabolic complications.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Ahmed Abdallah Salman, Mohamed Abdalla Salman, Mostafa Said, Mohammad El Sherbiny, Hesham Elkassar, Mohamed Badr Hassan, Ahmed Marwan, Mohamed Abdelkader Morad, Omar Ashoush, Safa Labib, Mohamed H. Aon, Abeer Awad, Mohamed Sayed, Ahmed E. Taha, Ahmed Moustafa, Hossam El-Din Shaaban, Amir Khater, Ahmed Elewa, Adel M. Khalaf, Ahmed A. Mostafa, Mohamed Matter, Ahmed Youssef
Summary: Laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG) can reduce pancreatic fat content, improve glucose homeostasis, decrease systemic inflammation, and reduce pancreatic lipase secretion.
FRONTIERS IN MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Chia-Wen Lu, Kuen-Cheh Yang, Yu-Chiao Chi, Tsan-Yu Wu, Chien-Hsieh Chiang, Hao-Hsiang Chang, Kuo-Chin Huang, Wei-Shiung Yang
Summary: Lean non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is similar to overweight NAFLD and should be detected early. The adiponectin-leptin ratio (AL ratio) may serve as a reliable marker for early detection of lean NAFLD independent of insulin resistance.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Farah Gulzar, Shadab Ahmad, Sushmita Singh, Pawan Kumar, Aditya Sharma, Akhilesh K. Tamrakar
Summary: This study demonstrates that activation of NOD1 in adipocytes can affect lipid metabolism in hepatocytes by promoting lipolysis and inflammatory responses. This effect is associated with enhanced transport of fatty acids and increased triglyceride synthesis rate in hepatocytes. Additionally, NOD1 activation induces inflammatory response and impairs insulin signaling in hepatocytes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Atul Goyale, Anjly Jain, Colette Smith, Margarita Papatheodoridi, Marta Guerrero Misas, Davide Roccarina, Laura Iogna Prat, Dimitri P. Mikhailidis, Devaki Nair, Emmanuel Tsochatzis
Summary: The study found that increasing fibrosis severity in NAFLD is associated with differential expression of IL-6 and MMP-9. Using NIFI could help predict advanced NAFLD fibrosis and potentially avoid unnecessary interventions in low-risk patients.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Klaudia Dopytalska, Malgorzata Kalisz, Anna Litwiniuk, Irena Walecka, Wojciech Bik, Agnieszka Baranowska-Bik
Summary: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disease characterized by fibrosis in the skin and internal organs. This study examined the levels of omentin-1 and adiponectin in SSc patients to understand their role in the development of the disease. The results showed that omentin-1 levels were significantly higher in SSc patients, especially in those with longer disease duration, suggesting its involvement in the pathogenesis of SSc.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bahjat Al-Ani, Norah M. Alzamil, Peter W. Hewett, Fahaid Al-Hashem, Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah, Abdullah S. Shatoor, Samaa S. Kamar, Noha S. Abdel Latif, Mohamed A. Haidara, Amal F. Dawood
Summary: This study investigated the link between oxidative stress, apoptosis, fibrosis, and the role of the antidiabetic drug metformin in type 2 diabetes-induced cardiac injury. The results showed that metformin provides protection against oxidative stress and fibrosis, and reduces blood glucose and dyslipidemia. These findings are important for understanding the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy and developing appropriate treatment strategies.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Refaat A. Eid, Muhammad Alaa Edeen, Eslam M. Shedid, Al Shaimaa S. Kamal, Mona M. Warda, Farag Mamdouh, Sohila A. Khedr, Mohamed A. Soltan, Hee Won Jeon, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Bonglee Kim
Summary: The concept of cancer stem cells (CSCs) has replaced the previous model of tumor composition, indicating that CSCs play a key role in cancer initiation, progression, and diversity. CSCs possess self-renewal and differentiation abilities, resistance to therapy, and tumor initiation potential. Various factors, including transcription factors and signaling pathways, regulate the functional capabilities of CSCs.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Siyab Khan, Muhammad Rizwan, Adnan Zeb, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Said Hassan, Ashfaq Ur Rehman, Refaat A. Eid, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Ghadeer M. Albadrani, Ahmed E. Altyar, Nehal Ahmed Talaat Nouh, Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim, Amin Ullah
Summary: This study identified 6 antigenic proteins and designed a multi-epitope subunit vaccine, which showed strong immunogenicity and stability through simulation and validation. However, further confirmation of its safety and efficacy is needed.
Article
Microbiology
Ihsan Ullah, Sadia Sattar, Ijaz Ali, Arshad Farid, Amin Ullah, Refaat A. A. Eid, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Iftikhar Ahmed, Irfan Ullah
Summary: Cystic echinococcosis (CE), or hydatid cyst disease (HCD), is highly endemic in Baluchistan, Pakistan, but no previous studies have been conducted in this region. This study collected and analyzed 23 human hydatid cyst samples, revealing the presence of multiple genotypes, with G1 and G3 being the most prevalent and the first report of G6/G7 in Baluchistan.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Refaat A. Eid, Muhammad Alaa Edeen, Mohamed A. Soltan, Mubarak Al-Shraim, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Saleh M. Al-Qahtani, Eman Fayad, Eman T. Salem, Waleed K. Abdulsahib, Hebatallah Emam, Hesham M. Hassan
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of astaxanthin (ATX) against bisphenol A (BPA)-induced nephrotoxicity. The results showed that ATX protected the kidney by inhibiting the activity of Cytochrome P450 CYP2C9 and preventing excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ATX also restored mitochondrial function and maintained the balance of oxidant-antioxidant levels. These findings suggest that ATX could be a potential treatment or preventive agent for BPA-induced kidney damage.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayed A. Shati, Amro Maarouf, Amal F. Dawood, Nervana M. Bayoumy, Youssef A. Alqahtani, Refaat A. Eid, Saeed M. Alqahtani, Mohamed Abd Ellatif, Bahjat Al-Ani, Alia Albawardi
Summary: Lower extremity arterial disease (LEAD) is a major risk factor for amputation in diabetic patients. The study investigated the effect of metformin on femoral artery injury mediated by the AGEs/ET-1/NOS axis in a rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-induced LEAD. The results showed that metformin treatment improved femoral artery ultrastructure, inhibited upregulation of AGEs, ET-1, iNOS, glycated haemoglobin, TNF-alpha and dyslipidemia, and augmented arterial eNOS expression.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammad Y. Alshahrani, Hasnaa A. Ebrahim, Saeed M. Alqahtani, Nervana M. Bayoumy, Samaa S. Kamar, Asmaa M. ShamsEldeen, Mohamed A. Haidara, Bahjat Al-Ani, Alia Albawardi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the protective effect of metformin, an antidiabetic drug, against chronic kidney disease induced by thioacetamide (TAA), a toxic chemical. Rats were injected with TAA twice a week for 8 weeks, while the control group received vehicle injections. The metformin-treated group received metformin daily for 10 weeks. The results showed that TAA-induced kidney damage and fibrosis, as well as increased levels of urea, creatinine, inflammation, oxidative stress, dyslipidemia, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), and hypertension. Metformin administration significantly protected against these effects and increased the expression of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the kidney.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Waleed K. K. Abdulsahib, Ayed A. A. Shati, Youssef A. A. Alqahtani, Saleh M. M. Al-Qahtani, Hassan M. M. Otifi, Ashwag Asiri, Hesham M. M. Hassan, Hebatallah Emam Mohammed Ahmed, Samy A. A. Dawood, Amr Negm, Refaat A. A. Eid
Summary: Emerging research has found that the protein CEP55 may function as an oncogene in various human malignancies. However, there has been no comprehensive analysis conducted to investigate the role and behavior of CEP55 as an oncogene in different types of cancer. This study aims to provide a detailed analysis of CEP55, including its expression in different cancers, correlation with cancer stage, impact on patient survival, genetic alterations, methylation status, influence on immune cell infiltration, response to chemotherapeutic agents, and underlying molecular mechanisms. The findings suggest that CEP55 is upregulated in cancer tissues compared to normal controls and this upregulation is associated with poor prognosis in multiple forms of cancer. It also affects immune cell infiltration, chemokine levels, and response to anticancer drugs. Therefore, CEP55 could serve as a potential predictive marker and therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
Article
Biology
Mohamed A. Soltan, Muhammad Alaa Eldeen, Bayan H. Sajer, Reda F. A. Abdelhameed, Fawziah A. Al-Salmi, Eman Fayad, Ibrahim Jafri, Hebatallah Emam Mohammed Ahmed, Refaat A. Eid, Hesham M. Hassan, Mubarak Al-Shraim, Amr Negm, Ahmed E. Noreldin, Khaled M. Darwish
Summary: Cancer is a major cause of death globally, and there is a continuous effort to develop biomarkers and therapeutic agents for early diagnosis and treatment. A pan-cancer model analysis revealed that ECT2 could serve as a prognostic and immunological biomarker in various human cancers. Furthermore, potential inhibitors for ECT2 were identified through chemoinformatics, suggesting their potential as antitumor agents.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Muhammad Ajmal Khan, Atta Ur Rahman, Bakhtawar Khan, Samiah Hamad Al-Mijalli, Amal S. Alswat, Aftab Amin, Refaat A. Eid, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Sadia Butt, Jamshaid Ahmad, Eman Fayad, Amin Ullah
Summary: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common in the population of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan, with Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most prevalent uropathogen. Imipenem was identified as the most effective antibiotic, while cefuroxime and ciprofloxacin showed the least effectiveness.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohamed A. Soltan, Ahmad A. Alhanshani, Ayed A. Shati, Youssef A. Alqahtani, Dalal Sulaiman Alshaya, Jawaher Alharthi, Sarah Awwadh Altalhi, Eman Fayad, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Refaat A. Eid
Summary: CDKN2A gene alteration is associated with human tumor development and affects immune components and tumor progression. This study found that CDKN2A gene is upregulated in tumor tissues and correlates with tumor stage, grade, metastasis, and clinical outcome. Additionally, CDKN2A experiences different forms of genetic alteration under tumor conditions, influencing immune components. Therefore, CDKN2A genetic alteration can serve as a prognostic and immunological biomarker in multiple human cancers.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Ismaeel Bin-Jaliah
Summary: Liver transplantation is the only available method to treat liver failure induced by chronic liver injury. However, our study found that the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor captopril can inhibit the development of chronic liver injury induced by TAA, and protect liver tissue from inflammation and fibrosis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Saeed M. Alqahtani, Amal F. Dawood, Samaa S. Kamar, Mohamed A. Haidara, Asmaa M. ShamsEldeen, Mohammad Dallak, Bahjat Al-Ani, Hasnaa A. Ebrahim
Summary: APAP overdose can enhance TNF-alpha / NF-kB / iNOS axis-mediated hepatotoxicity. Ingestion of QUR and RES can ameliorate these parameters.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Alsaleem Mohammed Abadi, Attalla F. El-kott, Gamal Mohamed, Barakat M. Alrashdi, Refaat A. Eid, Eman T. Salem
Summary: This study investigated the protective effects of LUTN against AFB(1)-induced hepatotoxicity and explored its potential molecular mechanisms. The results showed that LUTN could mitigate oxidative stress and liver injury caused by AFB(1) by reducing the activity of hepatic transaminases, decreasing the production of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species, and boosting the activity of antioxidant enzymes.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Refaat A. Eid, Alsaleem Mohammed Abadi, Attalla F. El-Kott, Mohamed Samir A. Zaki, Eman M. Abd-Ella
Summary: This investigation examined the impact of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) on bisphenol A (BPA) toxicity. The results showed that CoQ10 can mitigate the negative effects of BPA on testicular histological structure, antioxidant enzymes, and biochemical biomarkers, protecting rats from oxidative stress. Therefore, supplementing patients with CoQ10 can help minimize the harmful effects of BPA on reproductive structures and functions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
