Article
Biology
Yolaine Rabat, Sandra Chanraud, Majd Abdallah, Igor Sibon, Sylvie Berthoz
Summary: This review examines the use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to predict smoking cessation outcomes and identifies the insula as a key factor in addiction. Despite the inability to conduct a meta-analysis, this research has the potential to pave the way for personalized prevention therapy for high-risk smokers.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Allison J. McDonald, Isis Alonso-Lozares, Vasco Rauh, Yvar van Mourik, Dustin Schetters, Taco J. De Vries, Nathan J. Marchant
Summary: This study showed that alcohol-associated discriminative stimuli play a significant role in promoting relapse to alcohol seeking after a punitive period of abstinence. Alcohol self-administration was found to be regulated in a bidirectional manner by reward-associated and punishment-associated discriminative stimuli. In conflict trials, alcohol self-administration rate was intermediate between reward-associated and punishment-associated trials.
FRONTIERS IN BEHAVIORAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Padmasana Singh, Shabana Anjum, Raj Kamal Srivastava, Kazuyoshi Tsutsui, Amitabh Krishna
Summary: This article discusses the current understanding of RFRP-3 in reproduction and its association with nutrition and stress. RFRP-3 is known to inhibit GnRH-mediated reproduction and plays a role in regulating puberty, reproductive cyclicity, and senescence. Changes in RFRP-3 levels are influenced by nutritional and stress conditions, which in turn affect reproductive outcomes. However, more research is needed to fully understand the therapeutic potential of RFRP-3 for nutrition or stress-related reproductive disorders.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Psychiatry
Mi Jin Park, Eun Hye Jang, Ah Young Kim, Hyewon Kim, Hyun Soo Kim, Sangwon Byun, Han Young Yu, Hong Jin Jeon
Summary: This study investigated whether baseline peripheral biomarkers could predict the reduction of stress response among patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and panic disorder (PD). The results showed a significant association between baseline adiponectin levels and reduction of stress response in patients with PD, but not in patients with MDD.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHIATRY
(2022)
Article
Immunology
Xinnan Li, Xiuling Miao, Yaming Wang, Junzhao Sun, Haifeng Gao, Jing Han, Yuxin Li, Qingjun Wang, Chenjing Sun, Jianguo Liu
Summary: This study aimed to track the clinical outcomes of patients with tumefactive demyelinating lesions (TDLs), summarize the clinical characteristics of different etiologies, and identify possible risk factors for relapse. The study found that around 46.6% of TDLs had relapses, with the highest recurrence rate in the multiple sclerosis (MS) group. Lesion location, diffuse infiltrative lesions, and multiple lesions were identified as potential independent risk factors for relapse. However, despite extensive diagnostic work and long-term follow-up, the etiology of TDLs in some patients remained unclear. These patients tended to have a monophase course and a low rate of relapse.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Schmidt-Morgenroth, Philippe Michaud, Fabrizio Gasparini, Alexandre Avrameas
Summary: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is characterized by a decline in cognitive function and is an underlying condition of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Neuroinflammation has been investigated as a mechanism contributing to the progression of MCI to AD. Understanding this mechanism could help in the diagnosis and treatment of patients.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Takaaki Nakamura, Kimihiko Kaneko, Genya Watanabe, Shogo Harashima, Emiko Kawasaki, Kenichi Tsukita, Toshiyuki Takahashi, Ichiro Nakashima, Tatsuro Misu, Yasushi Suzuki
Summary: MOG-IgG detected by cell-based assay is commonly associated with demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, but rarely with peripheral neuropathy. This case study of a 32-year-old woman demonstrates a unique presentation of central and peripheral demyelinating lesions, with subsequent relapses in the peripheral nerve closely mimicking chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. The possible pathogenic implications of MOG-IgG in combined central and peripheral nervous system diseases are considered.
NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zuxin Chen, Xin-an Liu, Paul J. Kenny
Summary: Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, with nicotine playing a key role in connecting the two. Nicotine can increase blood glucose levels, disrupt glucose homeostasis, and induce insulin resistance. This review focuses on the genetic variants of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors associated with diabetes risk and provides a comprehensive overview of the mechanisms through which nicotine affects blood glucose homeostasis and diabetes development. The central and peripheral actions of nicotine on glucoregulatory hormone release, glucose tolerance, and insulin sensitivity are highlighted, particularly the potential targets for intervention in diabetes management within the brain.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Alexandra Chisholm, Damaris Rizzo, Emilie Fortin, Vanessa Moman, Nour Quteishat, Assunta Romano, Tanya Capolicchio, Uri Shalev
Summary: Chronic food restriction may increase rates of relapse in drug addiction, and activation of the paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) can reduce the impact of chronic food restriction on heroin seeking behavior. Corticothalamic and thalamo-accumbens projections play a key role in this process.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Michael Hwang, Jenna Vanliere Canzoniero, Samuel Rosner, Guangfan Zhang, James R. White, Zineb Belcaid, Christopher Cherry, Archana Balan, Gavin Pereira, Alexandria Curry, Noushin Niknafs, Jiajia Zhang, Kellie N. Smith, Lavanya Sivapalan, Jamie E. Chaft, Joshua E. Reuss, Kristen Marrone, Joseph C. Murray, Qing Kay Li, Vincent Lam, Benjamin P. Levy, Christine Hann, Victor E. Velculescu, Julie R. Brahmer, Patrick M. Forde, Tanguy Seiwert, Valsamo Anagnostou
Summary: Through machine learning, this study integrated the dynamics of peripheral blood immune cell subsets and predicted clinical outcomes for 239 patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. The findings suggest that the integrated dynamics of peripheral blood cell counts, particularly changes in NLR, can predict therapeutic response better than traditional biomarkers like TMB and PD-L1 expression. Early changes in NLR were identified as a key predictor of treatment response.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Alice Morgunova, Cecilia Flores
Summary: This review examines the role of microRNAs in adolescent PFC development and vulnerability to mental illness, highlighting the drastic changes in local microRNA expression during adolescence and the association of altered microRNA levels in the PFC with psychopathologies of adolescent onset. It suggests that non-invasive measurement of microRNAs in peripheral samples could serve as longitudinal physiological readouts of brain expression and psychiatric risk in youth.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Shimeng Jiao, Ting Cao, Hualin Cai
Summary: This review provides an update on peripheral biomarkers of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS), focusing on genetic and related factors associated with TRS. Although the current evidence regarding biomarkers in TRS is limited, it can help to better understand the neurobiological interface of clinical phenotypes and psychiatric symptoms, enabling individualized prediction and therapy for TRS in the long term.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
Jared R. Bagley, Yalun Tan, Wan Zhu, Zhuanfen Cheng, Saori Takeda, Zhouqing Fang, Ahmed Arslan, Meiyue Wang, Yuan Guan, Lihua Jiang, Ruiqi Jian, Feng Gu, Isabel Parada, David Prince, J. David Jentsch, Gary Peltz
Summary: Genetic variation plays a significant role in the development of substance use disorders. By analyzing cocaine self-administration data from inbred mouse strains, Nav1, a member of the neuron navigator family, was identified as a candidate gene. Knockout mice lacking Nav1 showed increased voluntary cocaine intake, and further investigations revealed altered excitatory and inhibitory synaptic balance in the cortex and hippocampus.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Jared R. Bagley, Yalun Tan, Wan Zhu, Zhuanfen Cheng, Saori Takeda, Zhouqing Fang, Ahmed Arslan, Meiyue Wang, Yuan Guan, Lihua Jiang, Ruiqi Jian, Feng Gu, Isabel Parada, David Prince, J. David Jentsch, Gary Peltz
Summary: Genetic variation plays a significant role in the risk of substance use disorder, but the specific genetic factors and mechanisms are mostly unknown. This study suggests that Nav1, a gene involved in dendrite formation and axonal guidance, may be associated with cocaine addiction. Knockout mice lacking Nav1 demonstrated an increased voluntary cocaine intake and motivation for cocaine consumption. Molecular analysis revealed changes in synaptic balance in the cortex and hippocampus of Nav1 knockout mice, potentially contributing to cocaine addiction.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Immunology
Caroline Perner, Elke Krueger
Summary: Neuronal cells are specialized in rapid transfer and translation of information. The endoplasmic reticulum plays a fundamental role in providing the necessary requirements for optimal neuronal function. Accumulation of misfolded proteins in the ER lumen, along with other external stimuli, can induce ER stress and trigger a stress response to restore cellular homeostasis.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
