Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michalis Michailidis, Despina Moraitou, Despina A. Tata, Kallirhoe Kalinderi, Theodora Papamitsou, Vasileios Papaliagkas
Summary: This review article discusses the shared pathophysiological connections between Alzheimer's disease (AD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), emphasizing the role of insulin in the brain and the mechanistic interplay between the two diseases. The findings highlight the need for routine evaluation and treatment of cognitive impairment in T2DM patients and the evaluation of insulin levels or T2DM in AD patients. The hypothesis of AD as a type 3 diabetes is strongly supported.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
David M. Nathan, GRADE Study Res Grp, John M. Lachin, Ashok Balsubramanyam, Henry B. Burch, John B. Buse, Nicole M. Butera, Robert M. Cohen, Jill P. Crandall, Steven E. Kahn, Heidi Krause-Steinrauf, Mary E. Larkin, Neda Rasouli, Margaret Tiktin, Deborah J. Wexler, Naji Younes
Summary: In this trial, all four glucose-lowering medications added to metformin were effective in reducing glycated hemoglobin levels. Glargine and liraglutide showed modestly superior efficacy in achieving and maintaining target glycated hemoglobin levels.
NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Nicholas J. Wareham
Summary: This review examines the degree of personalization in existing interventions for preventing type 2 diabetes and suggests ways to achieve greater personalization through better identification of high-risk individuals, subdivision of type 2 diabetes into specific subgroups, and individualization of preventive targets. The use of more dynamic real-time data shows promise but requires further evaluation against clinical outcomes. Future personalized preventive approaches should complement existing individual-level interventions and align with strategies at the societal level.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Neha J. Pagidipati, Prakash Deedwania
Summary: Despite extensive research on risk-reduction strategies, cardiovascular disease and renal disease remain major causes of mortality and morbidity among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Understanding cardiovascular-renal-metabolic disease states holistically is crucial for providing integrated care to individuals with these conditions.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Vishal A. Salunkhe, Neha Sinha, Emma Ahlqvist, Rashmi B. Prasad, Svetlana Johansson, Birgitta Abrahamsson, Anders H. Rosengren
Summary: We developed a new digital method to promote behavioral change and conducted an empirical study on patients with type-2 diabetes in Sweden. The results showed that patients who received the intervention had significantly improved HbA1c during a medium to long-term follow-up, accompanied by improvements in other physical indicators. The study also found differences in treatment effects for patients with different BMI and insulin resistance levels, as well as for carriers of the FTO gene.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jacob Volmer Stidsen, Diana Hedevang Christensen, Jan Erik Henriksen, Kurt Hojlund, Michael Hecht Olsen, Reimar Wernick Thomsen, Lotte Brix Christensen, Jens Steen Nielsen, Thomas Bastholm Olesen, Henning Beck-Nielsen
Summary: This study assessed whether subgrouping patients based on insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function could predict the risk of future cardiovascular events and death in type 2 diabetes patients. The results showed that patients with different phenotypes had different risks of cardiovascular events and death, suggesting that precision medicine based on type 2 diabetes pathophysiology may reduce diabetes complications.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wouter Tack, Anne-Marie De Cock, Eveline Lia Dirinck, Sophie Bastijns, Femke Arien, Stany Perkisas
Summary: This review explores the interconnected pathophysiology between sarcopenia and type 2 diabetes (T2D) and suggests that they share multiple mechanisms such as muscle architectural changes, chronic low-grade inflammation, and increased levels of oxidative stress. Future research should focus on identifying common therapeutic targets for both diseases. It is also important to diagnose sarcopenia early in individuals with T2D and initiate lifestyle modifications and treatment as early as possible.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adriana Leandro, Marcelo Queiroz, Lara Azul, Raquel Seica, Cristina M. Sena
Summary: The study demonstrates that omentin-1 has a positive impact on endothelial function and PVAT in non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus animals, improving vascular relaxation, reducing oxidative stress, enhancing PVAT anti-contractile action, and alleviating pro-inflammatory status.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Lu Dai, Xiaona Wang, Yi Xiao
Summary: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and type 2 diabetes have a mutually promoting effect on disease development. Variation in chemosensitivity plays a key role in the pathophysiological mechanisms of OSA and type 2 diabetes. Previous studies suggest that individuals with OSA or type 2 diabetes may have higher chemoreflex levels, but identifying precise changes is challenging due to participant variations, disease severity at recruitment, and small sample sizes. Lowering chemosensitivity is a potential new concern for personalized care of individuals with OSA and type 2 diabetes. This review provides an overview of chemosensitivity changes in OSA and glucose metabolism, as well as prospective therapeutic treatments for patients with OSA and type 2 diabetes.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Miranda T. Schram, Willem J. J. Assendelft, Theo G. van Tilburg, Nicole H. T. M. Dukers-Muijrers
Summary: Social networks have been causally related to disease and mortality risk for decades, but research in this field for diabetes care is still in its early stages. Studies have found that living alone and lack of social support are associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes, while social support has a positive impact on self-management of diabetes.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Chenglong Li, Yanjun Ma, Rong Hua, Fanfan Zheng, Wuxiang Xie
Summary: The study found that sustained participation or gradual improvement in physical activity among middle-aged and older adults is associated with a lower risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus, with obesity potentially serving as a mediator in this relationship.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Benjamin Wenz, Jonathan Graf, Yong Du, Andrea Teti, Lars Gabrys
Summary: This study found that physical activity (PA) treatment plays a significant role in the treatment process of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), but different patient subgroups benefit differently. Efforts should be made to increase PA treatment as part of T2DM treatment, especially for those who are currently not treated with PA. Further research is needed to understand the type of PA undertaken by different populations and to develop tailored PA interventions for different subgroups.
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Dario Giugliano, Miriam Longo, Lorenzo Scappaticcio, Paola Caruso, Katherine Esposito
Summary: The review summarizes the progress in the treatment and prevention of cardiorenal complications in patients with T2D using SGLT-2 inhibitors, with a particular focus on age, the role of prevention, and the potential extension of their benefits.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Anastasios Serbis, Vasileios Giapros, Eleni P. Kotanidou, Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou, Ekaterini Siomou
Summary: In the past two decades, there have been reports of an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in children and adolescents, especially among minority ethnic groups, which is closely related to the prevalence of pediatric obesity. Youth T2DM differs from both adult T2DM and type 1 diabetes in children, necessitating specific management and prevention strategies tailored to its unique characteristics.
WORLD JOURNAL OF DIABETES
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Cristina Rey-Renones, Jose Miguel Baena-Diez, Isabel Aguilar-Palacio, Cristina Miquel, Maria Grau
Summary: Individuals with type 2 diabetes are at higher risk for developing and dying from cancer, possibly due to metabolic abnormalities such as obesity. Understanding this link can aid in designing personalized preventive strategies.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sophie Debs, Amy Cohen, Elham Hosseini-Beheshti, Giovanna Chimini, Nicholas H. Hunt, Georges E. R. Grau
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS
(2019)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Nathan T. T. Fiore, Sophie R. R. Debs, Jessica P. P. Hayes, Samuel S. S. Duffy, Gila Moalem-Taylor
Summary: Interactions between the immune and nervous systems play a central role in neuropathic pain. Immune cells and their mediators contribute to neuroinflammation and pain hypersensitivity, but recent evidence shows that certain immune cells and molecules can help resolve neuropathic pain. This review provides an overview of the immune mechanisms and therapeutic approaches for the resolution of neuropathic pain, including interactions with the gut microbiome.
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
