Journal
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
Volume 615, Issue -, Pages 1019-1027Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.09.112
Keywords
Brominated flame retardants; Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs); Chlorinated paraffins; Polychlorinated n-alkanes; Indoor contamination; Kitchen
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Fat obtained by wipe tests on the inner surface of 21 baking ovens from Stuttgart (Germany) were analyzed for halogenated flame retardants (HFRs), namely polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), decabromodiphenyl ethane (DBDPE), dechlorane plus (DP), short-and medium-chain chlorinated paraffins (SCCPs, MCCPs), as well as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). In similar to 50% of the samples chlorinated paraffins (CPs) were present in the mg/g fat range, i.e. three to four orders of magnitude higher concentrated than the sum of all other target compounds. In contrast the remaining similar to 50% of the samples were free of CPs, while the other HFRs were comparable in CP-positive and CP-negative samples. The exceptionally high concentrations and exclusive presence of CPs in half of the samples produced strong evidence that these compounds were released from the baking oven itself. This hypothesis was supported by detection of MCCPs at even higher concentrations in the inner components of one dismantled baking oven. The release of substantial amounts of HFRs from the oven casing during its use may contribute to human exposure to these compounds, especially MCCPs and SCCPs. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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