Journal
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
Volume 19, Issue 1, Pages 194-202Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1433948
Keywords
Small molecule solar cells; BTR; photobleaching; burnin; Raman spectroscopy; molecular conformation
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Funding
- EPSRC [EP/M025020/1]
- Welsh Assembly Government
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie [663830]
- National Research Network in Advanced Engineering Materials [NRN093]
- Welsh Assembly Government Ser Cymru II fellowship scheme
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61674109]
- EPSRC Supergen SuperSolar Hub for an International and Industrial Engagement Award
- EPSRC [EP/M025020/1, EP/N020863/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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Solution-processed organic small molecule solar cells (SMSCs) have achieved efficiency over 11%. However, very few studies have focused on their stability under illumination and the origin of the degradation during the so-called burn-in period. Here, we studied the burn-in period of a solution-processed SMSC using benzodithiophene terthiophene rhodamine:[6,6]-phenyl C-71 butyric acid methyl ester (BTR:PC71BM) with increasing solvent vapour annealing time applied to the active layer, controlling the crystallisation of the BTR phase.We find that the burn-in behaviour is strongly correlated to the crystallinity of BTR. To look at the possible degradation mechanisms, we studied the fresh and photo-aged blend films with grazing incidence X-ray diffraction, UV-vis absorbance, Raman spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. Although the crystallinity of BTR affects the performance drop during the burn-in period, the degradation is found not to originate from the crystallinity changes of the BTR phase, but correlates with changes in molecular conformation - rotation of the thiophene side chains, as resolved by Raman spectroscopy which could be correlated to slight photobleaching and changes in PL spectra. [GRAPHICS] .
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