Journal
SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH
Volume 33, Issue 4, Pages 387-396Publisher
TAYLOR & FRANCIS AS
DOI: 10.1080/02827581.2017.1418421
Keywords
drone; aerial survey; post-harvest; logging; wheel rutting; site impact
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Funding
- Norwegian Research Council project (TEDI SIS)
- TECH4EFFECT from the Bio-Based Industries Joint Technology Initiative under the European Union's Horizon Research and Innovation programme [720757]
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The effectiveness of generating virtual transects on unmanned aerial vehicle-derived orthomosaics was evaluated in estimating the extent of soil disturbance by severity class. Combinations of 4 transect lengths (5-50 m) and five sampling intensities (1-20 transects per ha) were used in assessing traffic intensity and the severity of soil disturbance on six post-harvest, cut-to-length (CTL) clearfell sites. In total, 15% of the 33 ha studied showed some trace of vehicle traffic. Of this, 63% of was categorized as light (no visible surface disturbance). Traffic intensity varied from 787 to 1256 m ha(-1), with a weighted mean of 956 m ha(-1), approximately twice the geometrical minimum achievable with CTL technology under perfect conditions. An overall weighted mean of 4.7% of the total site area was compromised by severe rutting. A high sampling intensity, increasing with decreasing incidence of soil disturbance, is required if mean estimation error is to be kept below 20%. The paper presents a methodology that can be generally applied in forest management or in similar land-use evaluations.
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