Article
Environmental Sciences
Greg E. Bodeker, Stefanie Kremser
Summary: The National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research/Bodeker Scientific (NIWA-BS) total column ozone database has been updated to cover the period 1979 to 2019, and using a machine-learning algorithm to fill spatial and temporal data gaps. This filled database provides more complete wintertime changes in the ozone layer over Antarctica, with uncertainties on every TCO value.
ATMOSPHERIC CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Cybernetics
J. Buckley, D. Lottridge, J. G. Murphy, P. M. Corballis
Summary: This study explores the relationship between employees' sociodemographic, cyber security training, phishing email typology, information processing factors, and email security behaviors. The findings suggest that participants who have faith in their intuition and pay more attention to the sender's email address are less likely to click on phishing email links. Participants who received the 'Undelivered package' email are more likely to click on the phishing email link compared to those who received the 'Received PDF'. Participants who engage in more elaborate processing are more likely to report phishing emails than those who engage in less elaboration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMAN-COMPUTER STUDIES
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mi Young Byun, Dockyu Kim, Ui Joung Youn, Seulah Lee, Hyoungseok Lee
Summary: This study evaluated the effects of humic acids (HA) on the growth and photosynthesis of moss species, finding that increasing HA concentrations correlated with increased growth and photosynthesis in polar mosses. However, the efficiency for temperate mosses increased at lower concentrations but began to reduce at the highest HA concentration.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Wenbin Zhu, Wenbo Liu, Yuanchen Chen, Kaizhen Liao, Wenfei Yu, Hangbiao Jin
Summary: This study examined the abundance and characteristics of microplastics (MPs) in Antarctic krill samples. The results showed that MPs mainly existed in fiber form, with black, blue, and red as the predominant colors. The predominant polymer compositions were polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyester. This is the first study to investigate the occurrence of MPs in Antarctic krill samples and is important for evaluating the risks of MP exposure in Antarctic krill.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Macarena Toll-Riera, Miriam Olombrada, Francesc Castro-Giner, Andreas Wagner
Summary: Climate change can cause extreme heat waves exceeding the upper thermal limit of organisms. A study on Antarctic bacteria found that they can rapidly adapt to higher temperatures through genomic changes that mitigate protein misfolding. However, there is a physiological limit beyond which populations cannot survive.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nina Krebs, Jan Tebben, Christian Bock, Felix C. Mark, Magnus Lucassen, Gisela Lannig, Hans-Otto Poertner
Summary: We assessed a methodology to measure the in vivo protein synthesis rate in Antarctic fish. By injecting labeled phenylalanine into the eelpout species Pachycara brachycephalum and monitoring its incorporation into muscle tissue, we found a low protein synthesis rate for this species. The results were in agreement with previous studies that used radioactive labels, indicating the reliability of this non-radioactive method for studying growth in polar fish.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zhuangzhuang Wang, Nengyou Wu, Gaowei Hu, Changling Liu, Yizhao Wan, Qingtao Bu
Summary: This study used microscopic visualization experiments to observe the crystal growth behavior of methane hydrate and investigate the growth patterns and control mechanisms. Two typical hydrate growth patterns were identified: solution gas-water and free gas-water, which affect the crystal growth rate under different conditions.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Kyle S. Herman, Yeong Jae Kim, Soheil Shayegh, Jun Xiang
Summary: Green growth policies aim to address both climate change and economic growth, but quantitative and cross-country analyses are still limited. This study develops a classification framework to quantitatively analyze green growth and identifies key policy inputs and environmental/economic outputs. The findings suggest caution in drawing generalized conclusions about the effectiveness of green growth policies, even among highly developed economies.
SUSTAINABILITY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanni Qi, Limin Wang, Wenjuan Li, Yaping Xie, Wei Zhao, Zhao Dang, Wen Li, Lirong Zhao, Jianping Zhang
Summary: Flax is a significant dual-purpose crop, and this study analyzed the genetic characteristics between different generations through hybridization of wild and cultivated flax, identifying a quantitative trait locus related to growth habit and potential candidate genes through analysis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Tobias D. Weickert, Adam Joinson, Barnaby Craggs
Summary: The idea of forming positive security habits is gaining attention among security practitioners. The literature on habits in psychology has not been fully utilized in the context of security. Through analysis, it was found that habit construct is discussed in relation to other models rather than on its own, indicating limited depth of discussion. The lack of discussion on habit formation methods and the role of cues in triggering habitual behaviors in cybersecurity literature suggests a potential research avenue.
COMPUTERS & SECURITY
(2023)
Article
Geography, Physical
Elizabeth Ruth Thomas, Guisella Gacitua, Joel B. Pedro, Amy Constance Faith King, Bradley Markle, Mariusz Potocki, Dorothea Elisabeth Moser
Summary: Despite their sub-Antarctic location, the surface melt is low at most sites, with melt layers accounting for around 10% of the total core thickness. The surface snow densities range from 0.47 to 0.52 kg m(-3), with little impact of meltwater percolation on undisturbed ice layers.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
James Brean, Manuel Dall'Osto, Rafel Simo, Zongbo Shi, David C. S. Beddows, Roy M. Harrison
Summary: Studies have shown that new particles can form rapidly in Antarctica during the summer, through the reactions of sulfuric acid and amines, where amines facilitate the formation of sulfuric acid nuclei. This mechanism is more efficient than the ion-induced sulfuric acid-ammonia pathway previously observed in Antarctica, and can occur quickly under neutral conditions.
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Wanying Zhang, Yi Jiao, Renbin Zhu, Robert C. Rhew, Bowen Sun, Haitao Dai
Summary: Antarctic tundra is an important source of CHCl3 emissions, with penguin activities playing a crucial role in promoting CHCl3 production. Temperature is a key factor influencing CHCl3 emissions. The strength of CHCl3 source is expected to change in response to Antarctic warming.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Agronomy
Yuanjin Fang, Xinyou Zhang, Hua Liu, Jihua Wu, Feiyan Qi, Ziqi Sun, Zheng Zheng, Wenzhao Dong, Bingyan Huang
Summary: QTLs for growth habit have been identified on Arahy.15 and Arahy.06 in peanut, and diagnostic markers have been developed and validated for marker-assisted breeding. Peanut has a unique growth habit where pods develop underground. The growth habit plays a role in determining pod number per plant and has four types. The study identifies the genetic factors influencing growth habit and develops diagnostic markers for distinguishing different types of peanuts.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2023)
Article
Agronomy
Srinivas Kunta, Ye Chu, Yael Levy, Arye Harel, Shahal Abbo, Peggy Ozias-Akins, Ran Hovav
Summary: The flowering pattern in peanut is controlled by a major gene which encodes a TFL1-like protein. This gene has undergone deletion events and changes in mRNA expression levels, partly explaining the evolution of flowering pattern in peanut. Additionally, a specific gene associated with flowering pattern was found on a certain segment of a chromosome, and a deletion in this gene was observed in the mainstem flowering subspecies, resulting in a truncated protein.
THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gar W. Rothwell, Ruth A. Stockey
Summary: This study utilizes anatomical analysis of fossils from Vancouver Island, Canada, to support the development of a whole plant concept for the Eocene species of Gleichenia and provide data for the first organismal concept of an extinct species of Gleichenia from the Cenozoic fossil record. The findings suggest that the characteristics of the Gleicheniaceae family were present during the Cretaceous and Paleogene periods, with modern species well-established and diversifying.
REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kathrin Ganz, Cesar Morales-Molino, Erika Gobet, Dmytro Kiosak, Nadezhda Kotova, Jacqueline van Leeuwen, Sergey Makhortykh, Christoph Schworer, Willy Tinner
Summary: This study presents a palaeoecological reinvestigation from the Kardashynskyi mire in southern Ukraine, reconstructing the vegetation dynamics, fire history, and land use for the past 8300 years. The results show that both climate and human activities have driven the vegetation changes, and the remaining special vegetation types are severely threatened under current conditions.
REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Willem O. van der Knaap, Bas van Geel, Jacqueline F. N. van Leeuwen, Frans Roescher, Dick Mol
Summary: Pollen analysis of fossilized teeth from a giant deer found in The Netherlands provides insights into the diet, landscape, and climate of the specimen. The study suggests that the giant deer most likely lived during the early Eemian or an early Weichselian interstadial.
REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yun Guo, Yu Zhou, Josef Psenicka, Jiri Bek, Jana Votockova Frojdova, Zhuo Feng
Summary: A new species of adpressed leptosporangiate fern, Szea yunnanensis sp. nov., is described from Yunnan Province, Southwest China. The fronds of this new species have unique characteristics such as fertile pinnules with triangular to falcate shape and abaxial sori arranged in one row on each side of the midvein.
REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Adele C. M. Julier, Glynis J. Humphrey, Caitlin Dixon, Lindsey Gillson
Summary: The relationships between woody vegetation cover and fire, climate, herbivory, and human activities in African savanna ecosystems are complex. Fire suppression policies implemented in a national park in northeast Namibia from 1888 to 2005 did not lead to noticeable decreases in fire or enhanced tree recruitment, suggesting that fire occurrence in savanna ecosystems is more closely linked to climate than management. Fire management should adapt to rainfall variability and integrate customs of early dry season burning.
REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Plant Sciences
Milan Libertin, Jiri Kvacek, Jiri Bek
Summary: This paper revises the genus Aberlemnia from the Early Devonian of Scotland based on its type-material A. caledonica and describes a new species, Aberlemnia krizii sp. nov, from the Silurian of Czechia. The study provides detailed diagnoses and highlights the differences between the two species. Aberlemnia is positioned on an evolutionary clade line leading to the Lycophytina.
REVIEW OF PALAEOBOTANY AND PALYNOLOGY
(2024)
