Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Kenji Yamashiro, Yasuo Yanagi, Hideki Koizumi, Hidetaka Matsumoto, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Fumi Gomi, Tomohiro Iida, Akitaka Tsujikawa
Summary: Previous studies have shown inconsistent classification and understanding of pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). This study summarizes previous research and proposes a refined conceptual framework for future studies on PNV, PCV, and neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jiyang Tang, Xinyao Han, Ran Tang, Mengyang Li, Zongyi Wang, Mingwei Zhao, Jinfeng Qu
Summary: Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE) may transform into central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) during follow-up. Long-term regular follow-up is recommended for patients with PPE.
Article
Ophthalmology
Yuichiro Shimizu, Manabu Miyata, Sotaro Ooto, Masahiro Miyake, Yuki Mori, Hiroshi Tamura, Naoko Ueda-Arakawa, Akihito Uji, Yuki Muraoka, Ayako Takahashi, Tomotaka Wakazono, Kenji Yamashiro, Masayuki Hata, Akitaka Tsujikawa
Summary: The study found that anti-VEGF monotherapy had similar efficacy for pachychoroid and non-pachychoroid phenotype eyes with PCV over at least 5 years, though further research is needed for confirmation.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Timothy Y. Y. Lai, Ziqi Tang, Adrian C. W. Lai, Simon K. H. Szeto, Ricky Y. K. Lai, Carol Y. Cheung
Summary: The specific form of drusen, known as pachydrusen, is associated with pachychoroid eye diseases, such as central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) and polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). This study found that pachydrusen are more prevalent in PCV than CSC and may be linked to age and more extensive abnormalities in fundus autofluorescence (FAF).
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Janice Marie Jordan-Yu, Kelvin Yi Chong Teo, Usha Chakravarthy, Alfred Gan, Anna Cheng Sim Tan, Kai Xiong Cheong, Tien Yin Wong, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung
Summary: This study found that in PCV lesions, there is a significant linear increase in total lesion area and polypoidal lesion area with increasing subfoveal choroidal thickness.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Jia-Horung Hung, Chung-May Yang, Chang-Hao Yang, Tzyy-Chang Ho, Tzo-Ting Lai, Yi-Ting Hsieh
Summary: In exudative pachychoroid neovasculopathy (PNV), eyes with dilated choroidal vascular channels (DCVC) have a higher vascular density of macular neovascularization and poorer corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA) at baseline, and they also exhibit poorer visual and anatomical outcomes despite receiving more anti-VEGF injections.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Areum Jeong, Jinam Lim, Min Sagong
Summary: Using ultra-widefield ICGA, this study found that patients with PCV exhibit vortex vein engorgement and an increased choroidal hyperpermeability area. These results offer valuable insights into the pathogenesis and prognosis of PCV patients.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ophthalmology
Qiyu Bo, Min Zhang, Jieqiong Chen, Huixun Jia, Mengxi Shen, Mengsha Sun, Mengqiao Xu, Jingyang Feng, Quan Yan, Yang Yu, Peirong Huang, Tong Li, Fenghua Wang, Philip J. Rosenfeld, Xiaodong Sun
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the characteristics of the branching vascular network (BVN) and polypoidal lesions in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and determine near-term indicators that may predict exudative recurrence. The findings suggest that the growth of nonexudative BVN and progression of polypoidal lesions are associated with exudative recurrences, and the progression of polypoidal lesions may serve as an indicator for the near-term onset of exudation.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Jinzhi Zhao, Priya R. Chandrasekaran, Kai Xiong Cheong, Mark Wong, Kelvin Teo
Summary: This review summarizes the utilization of multimodal imaging modalities in differentiating PCV from nAMD and predicting disease activity and prognosis. OCT shows great potential in diagnosing PCV.
Article
Ophthalmology
Maria Vadala, Massimo Castellucci, Giulia Guarrasi, Giovanni Cillino, Vincenza Maria Elena Bonfiglio, Alessandra Casuccio, Salvatore Cillino
Summary: The study demonstrates that combined therapy with intravitreal Aflibercept and photodynamic therapy can significantly improve visual acuity and reduce intraretinal and subretinal fluid in PPCV, achieving therapeutic effects.
INTERNATIONAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xin-Yu Zhao, Ming-Yue Luo, Li-Hui Meng, Wen-Fei Zhang, Bing Li, Er-Qian Wang, Sheng-Zhi Liu, Wei-Hong Yu, You-Xin Chen
Summary: This study reviewed 722 PCV patients, of which 103 eyes had breakthrough vitreous hemorrhage. The study found that pars plana vitrectomy and proper interventions could significantly improve the best-corrected visual acuity, and patients with different types of PCV had different characteristics and prognosis.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2021)
Article
Biology
Kan Xing Wu, Natalie Jia Ying Yeo, Chun Yi Ng, Florence Wen Jing Chioh, Qiao Fan, Xianfeng Tian, Binxia Yang, Gunaseelan Narayanan, Hui Min Tay, Han Wei Hou, N. Ray Dunn, Xinyi Su, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Christine Cheung
Summary: Research on PCV patients discovered that blood endothelial cells react differently under different flow speeds, and that inhibiting elevated hyaluronidase-1 in PCV patients can improve cell mechanosensitivity and repair barrier permeability.
Article
Ophthalmology
Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Mark Yu Zheng Wong, Kelvin Yi Chong Teo
Summary: Choroidal vascular remodeling is common in both typical nAMD and PCV, suggesting different underlying mechanisms.
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Guangfeng Liu, Liang Han, Yao Lu, Changguan Wang, Lie Ma, Pei Zhang, Cong Liu, Xinrong Lu, Zhizhong Ma
Summary: The study investigated the pathogenic features of polypoidal lesions in polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy. The lesions were characterized by Bruch's membrane schisis and filled with serosanguineous materials. They were progressive and could contain inflammatory cells and blood vessels.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hidetaka Matsumoto, Junki Hoshino, Ryo Mukai, Kosuke Nakamura, Shoji Kishi, Hideo Akiyama
Summary: In this study, choroidal congestion in PNV patients was assessed using multimodal imaging. The findings showed an overlap between areas of choriocapillaris filling delay, dilated outer choroidal vessels, CNV, and RPE atrophy. The results suggest that chronic choriocapillaris ischemia due to vortex vein congestion may lead to CNV development and RPE atrophy in eyes with PNV.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Andreas Berlin, Ling Chen, Jeffrey Messinger, Daniela Ferrara, K. Bailey Freund, Christine A. Curcio
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Claudio Iovino, Adrian Au, Prithvi Ramtohul, Tommaso Bacci, Abdullah AlBahlal, Abdullah M. Khan, Abdulelah A. Al-Abdullah, Robert Wendel, Jay Chhablani, SriniVas Sadda, K. Bailey Freund, David Sarraf
Summary: This study analyzed the imaging characteristics and clinical course of patients with coincident lesions of PAMM and AMN in the same eye, and found that this phenomenon may be associated with retinal vein impairment and hypoperfusion in the deep retinal capillary plexus.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Xiaofei Wang, Stanley Chang, Jack Grinband, Lawrence A. Yannuzzi, K. Bailey Freund, Quan Hoang, Michael J. A. Girard
Summary: The axial length is longer in highly myopic eyes and the adjusted tortuosity of the optic nerve is lower, suggesting higher traction forces during eye movements. Optic nerve displacements differ significantly between adduction and abduction, with smaller displacements in highly myopic eyes. Additionally, posterior segment displacements are smaller in highly myopic eyes in both gaze directions, with larger displacements in the anterior-most segment during adduction.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Max Brinkmann, Tommaso Bacci, Deepayan Kar, Jeffrey D. Messinger, Kenneth R. Sloan, Ling Chen, Timothy Hamann, Maximilian Wiest, K. Bailey Freund, Sandrine Zweifel, Christine A. Curcio
Summary: This study evaluated the role of acquired vitelliform lesion (AVL) in age-related macular degeneration pathophysiology and analyzed the histological and clinical features of AVL. The results showed that AVL deposits have low levels of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) organelles and outer segments. The growth rates of collapsing and non-collapsing AVLs were different, suggesting dysregulation of lipid transfer pathways specific to cone photoreceptors and supporting cells in the formation of AVL deposits.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Ling Chen, Dongfeng Cao, Jeffrey D. Messinger, Thomas Ach, Daniela Ferrara, K. Bailey Freund, Christine A. Curcio
Summary: Melanotic cells with large spherical melanosomes, possibly originating from retinal pigment epithelium, were found in eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration. These cells exhibit molecular differences from RPE, suggesting a process of transdifferentiation. Studying detailed histology of eyes affected by nvAMD may lead to the development of new therapies for fibrosis.
EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Ophthalmology
Meira Fogel-Levin, SriniVas R. Sadda, Philip J. Rosenfeld, Nadia Waheed, Giuseppe Querques, Bailey K. Freund, David Sarraf
Summary: Imaging is crucial in the evaluation and management of retinal disorders, and different imaging modalities have unique capabilities to show different aspects of the disease. Multimodal retinal imaging provides abundant and insightful information, but integrating the complex data can be overwhelming. This article discusses the applications, strengths, and limitations of various retinal imaging tools, including color fundus photography, widefield imaging, fundus autofluorescence, near infrared reflectance, optical coherence tomography angiography, and en face optical coherence tomography, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of a multimodal approach.
SURVEY OF OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Marc J. Sirks, Elon H. C. van Dijk, Noa Rosenberg, Carla E. M. Hollak, Stamatios Aslanis, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung, Itay Chowers, Chiara M. Eandi, K. Bailey Freund, Frank G. Holz, Peter K. Kaiser, Andrew J. Lotery, Kyoko Ohno-Matsui, Giuseppe Querques, Yousif Subhi, Ramin Tadayoni, Charles C. Wykoff, Dinah Zur, Roselie M. H. Diederen, Camiel J. F. Boon, Reinier O. Schlingemann
Summary: Since July 2021, there has been a worldwide shortage of verteporfin (Visudyne (R)), which has had a significant impact on the care of ophthalmic patients worldwide and may result in serious and irreversible vision loss.
ACTA OPHTHALMOLOGICA
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
K. Bailey Freund, Giovanni Staurenghi, Jesse J. Jung, Sandrine A. Zweifel, Mariano Cozzi, Lauren Hill, Steven Blotner, Min Tsuboi, Shamika Gune
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Consensus on Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration (CONAN) Study Group classifications of macular neovascularization (MNV) and visual responses to ranibizumab therapy in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Results showed that the different lesion types had varying effects on best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) outcomes, supporting the use of an anatomic classification system to evaluate and predict visual responses to anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy for nAMD.
GRAEFES ARCHIVE FOR CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL OPHTHALMOLOGY
(2022)
Editorial Material
Ophthalmology
Prithvi Ramtohul, Diogo Cabral, K. Bailey Freund
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Prithvi Ramtohul, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli, K. Bailey Freund
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Riccardo Sacconi, David Sarraf, SriniVas R. Sadda, K. Bailey Freund, Andrea Servillo, Meira Miri Fogel Levin, Eliana Costanzo, Giulia Corradetti, Diogo Cabral, Dinah Zur, Omer Trivizki, Mariacristina Parravano, Francesco Bandello, Anat Loewenstein, Giuseppe Querques
Summary: This study investigated the association between nascent geographic atrophy (GA) and the development of exudative type 3 macular neovascularization (MNV) in patients with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The results showed that 22.7% of the patients had nascent GA preceding exudative type 3 MNV. Therefore, the detection of nascent GA in AMD patients may require closer surveillance to identify early exudative type 3 MNV warranting treatment.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2023)
Article
Ophthalmology
Prithvi Ramtohul, Diogo Cabral, Daniel Oh, Daniel Galhoz, K. Bailey Freund
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether noninvasive en face ultrawidefield (UWF) OCT can demonstrate distinctive features of choroidal vasculature in eyes with central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC). Patients diagnosed with CSC underwent UWF indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) and widefield OCT imaging. The results showed that en face UWF OCT imaging can show distinctive features of choroidal venous insufficiency previously identified with UWF ICGA in eyes with CSC.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2023)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Meira Fogel-Levin, Alice Wong, SriniVas R. Sadda, K. Bailey Freund, David Sarraf
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY-JOURNAL CANADIEN D OPHTALMOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Ophthalmology
Prithvi Ramtohul, Ariane Malcles, Edward Gigon, K. Bailey Freund, Ugo Introini, Francesco Bandello, Maria Vittoria Cicinelli
Summary: The study evaluated the clinical characteristics, multimodal imaging features, and long-term treatment outcomes of eyes with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and bacillary layer detachment (BALAD) treated with intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy. The findings showed that BALAD was associated with all types of MNV in nAMD patients, and there was a high risk of subretinal fibrosis leading to poor functional outcomes.
OPHTHALMOLOGY RETINA
(2022)
Letter
Ophthalmology
Yu Qiang Soh, Quan V. Hoang, K. Bailey Freund, Jesse J. Jung
RETINA-THE JOURNAL OF RETINAL AND VITREOUS DISEASES
(2022)