Article
Thermodynamics
Firas Basim Ismail, Ammar Al-Bazi, Islam Gamal Aboubakr
Summary: Due to environmental concerns and limited fossil fuel resources, the automotive industry has prioritized the use of ethanol in gasoline. This study investigates the impact of different ethanol-gasoline blend ratios on engine performance and emissions. The results show that increasing ethanol concentration and engine speed lead to higher volumetric efficiency and brake-specific fuel consumption, but lower thermal efficiency. Furthermore, the addition of ethanol and increased speed result in reduced exhaust emissions.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Goksel Kaya
Summary: This experimental study investigated the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics of ethanol/gasoline blends in a two-stroke uniflow gasoline engine. The results showed that the addition of ethanol increased the burning velocity, delivery ratio, and scavenging efficiency, but decreased the break thermal efficiency and increased the break specific fuel consumption. The emissions of CO, HC, CO2, and NOx decreased with the increase in ethanol content.
Article
Polymer Science
Yanshuai Ye, Jingyi Hu, Zhiqing Zhang, Weihuang Zhong, Ziheng Zhao, Jian Zhang
Summary: This article optimizes the combustion and emission of gasoline-cassava bioethanol fuel blends in electronic fuel injection engines using response surface methodology. The findings show that by optimizing the mixture ratio, lower emission levels can be achieved, promoting the sustainable development of renewable energy and reducing pollutant emissions.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Haoye Liu, Rafiu Olalere, Chongming Wang, Xiao Ma, Hongming Xu
Summary: 2-Methylfuran (MF) is considered a promising second-generation biofuel for spark ignition engines due to its better anti-knock ability and close lower heating value to conventional fuels. The study investigates the effects of engine control parameters on MF combustion at typical DISI engine operating conditions, showing that MF has a wider achievable spark timing range and more robustness to lean burn compared to gasoline and ethanol at high load. The combustion characteristics and heat release of MF are less sensitive to injection timings variations, but longer injection durations are required compared to gasoline to achieve the same engine load.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Prafulla Hatte, Yogesh Bhalerao
Summary: The study demonstrates that mathematical equations can accurately and effectively predict the performance of gasoline engines, with dimensional analysis playing a key role in this process. The researchers used the Buckingham pi theorem to establish relationships between the parameters, ultimately deriving accurate mathematical correlations.
ENERGY SOURCES PART A-RECOVERY UTILIZATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Moloud Mardani, Jose Herreros, Athanasios Tsolakis
Summary: Thermochemical exhaust energy recovery in a gasoline direct injection engine was studied using ethanol-gasoline blend (E25) and gasoline as base fuel. The research aimed to reduce carbon emissions, improve thermal efficiency, and enhance fuel economy. The possibility of hydrogen production through catalytic reforming of the mentioned fuels using the actual exhaust composition was investigated. The results demonstrated that ethanol in the fuel mixture facilitated endothermic reactions and improved hydrogen-rich mixture, leading to reduced carbon emissions and increased efficiency compared to gasoline fuel.
TOPICS IN CATALYSIS
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lei Zhang, Qianhui Qi
Summary: A reduced mechanism consisting of 144 species and 653 reactions was developed to simulate the combustion and soot emission of gasoline-ethanol blends on advanced engine combustion modes. The reduced mechanisms for gasoline and ethanol were combined to predict ignition delay, laminar burning velocity, and PAHs formation, showing good agreement with experimental data. The fidelity of the combined mechanism was comprehensively examined under different blend ratios.
Article
Thermodynamics
Mortadha K. Mohammed, Hyder H. Balla, Zaid Maan H. Al-Dulaimi, Zaid S. Kareem, Mudhaffar S. Al-Zuhairy
Summary: The negative effects of traditional engine fuels on climate change have led to a high level of competition in finding alternative fuels that are more environmentally friendly. Alcohol fuels, particularly ethanol, have been found to be practical for blending with traditional engine fuels like gasoline. Research has shown that blending ethanol with gasoline can increase power, efficiency, and reduce harmful exhaust gases. However, ethanol may have a negative impact on volumetric efficiency, while also improving power and efficiency as its concentration increases.
CASE STUDIES IN THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Farhad Salek, Meisam Babaie, Amin Shakeri, Seyed Vahid Hosseini, Timothy Bodisco, Ali Zare
Summary: The study found that ammonia port injection significantly reduces NOx emissions, but has negative impacts on engine efficiency, CO, and HC emissions. It also decreases the minimum octane number required to prevent knock when added to the fuel mixture.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Megha Shriganesh Vichare, Mousumi Chakraborty, Arun Kumar Jana
Summary: Considering the reduction of fossil fuel resources and environmental issues, biodiesel-derived products have gained attention as fuel additives to enhance properties and reduce emissions. This study investigated the engine performance and emission characteristics of a fuel blend consisting of solketal and gasoline. The blending of additives affected the volumetric transport properties and combustion quality of the fuel.
CLEAN TECHNOLOGIES AND ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mert Gulum
Summary: This study investigates the effects of ternary blends of diesel fuel and corn oil mixed in an 80:20 volumetric ratio with dimethyl carbonate and gasoline on the performance and combustion characteristics of a diesel engine. The results show reductions in effective power, effective efficiency, cylinder peak pressure, and peak heat release rate for the blends compared to diesel fuel. Additionally, the ternary blends produce lower CO, HC, and smoke emissions.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Enrico R. Malheiro de Oliveira, Caio Henrique Rufino, Pedro Teixeira Lacava
Summary: This study provides an experimental analysis of spray guided direct injection with commercial fuels used in a consolidated market for the use of ethanol. The results indicate that lean combustion can lead to flame instabilities, increased unburned ethanol in exhaust emissions, and reduced engine performance. The study highlights the importance of considering the effects of commercial fuels with high ethanol content on engine performance and emissions.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Ahmet Yakin, Rasim Behcet
Summary: The study compared the effects of different fuels on a gasoline engine, finding that E20 blended fuel had higher torque compared to pure gasoline, while ES20 blended fuel had lower torque. However, both blended fuels showed lower engine power and higher specific fuel consumption compared to the pure gasoline engine.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Mingke Xie, Qingyu Li, Jianqin Fu, Huiyong Yang, Xun Wang, Jinping Liu
Summary: This study investigates the NOx formation mechanism and the influence of parameters in ethanol-gasoline blends used in a GDI SI engine through experiments and chemical kinetic simulation. The results show that in addition to the thermal pathway, pathways involving N2O and NNH have a significant impact on NOx emissions under high engine speed conditions. Initial temperature exacerbates NOx emissions, while initial pressure and ethanol fraction inhibit it. The equivalence ratio (ER) initially promotes NOx formation, but then resists it, with the highest emission occurring at an ER of 0.85. In lean burn conditions, the thermal pathway is highly inhibited, while the N2O pathway is accelerated.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Decheng Li, Xiumin Yu, Yaodong Du, Mingjia Xu, Yinan Li, Zhen Shang, Zhe Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different water ratios in hydrous ethanol on combustion and emissions of hydrous ethanol-gasoline. The results showed that hydrous ethanol prolongs flame development and propagation duration, decreases Tmax and Pmax, and improves torque and brake thermal efficiency. Increasing water content in gasoline/hydrous ethanol dual fuel also leads to higher HC emissions but lower CO and NOx emissions, as well as smaller particle size.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yui Kawasaki, Sayaka Nagao-Sato, Misa Shimpo, Kahori Fujisaki, Emi Yoshii, Rie Akamatsu, Petra Warschburger
Summary: This study qualitatively describes sustainable dietary behaviors (SDBs) that Japanese and German adults can implement in their lives, and quantitatively compares the similarities and differences in understanding SDBs between the two samples. The study found that Japanese participants were more focused on food waste prevention, while German participants were more focused on solving environmental problems.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kechun Chen, Yuan Ding, Liming Yang, Zhihao Wang, Haoxuan Yu, Difan Fang, Yufa Feng, Liying Hu, Chenxi Xu, Penghui Shao, Xubiao Luo, Liang Chen
Summary: This study proposes a targeted repair scheme for the recovery of graphite anodes from spent LIBs by systematically characterizing and analyzing the structure and composition of spent graphite (SG). The results show that the repair scheme achieves effective SG repair and the repaired graphite anode displays excellent lithium storage performance.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Takao Ueda, Shigeki Koyanaka, Tatsuya Oki
Summary: Fires caused by accidental crushing of batteries are a serious issue in the e-waste recycling process. A new in-line sorting system that uses X-ray scanning and deep learning has been developed to accurately detect batteries. Through a validation study, the system achieved higher accuracy compared to other existing programs.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hannes Geist, Frank Balle
Summary: Research on circular economy often lacks empirical data, especially in the theory of circular process design and design for remanufacturing. This study systematically collected and analyzed engineering data on seven remanufacturing processes in the European automotive remanufacturing industry for the first time, providing empirical support for circular engineering challenges, potentials, and solutions.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Xiaojing Li, Fan Lue, Nanlin Liao, Hua Zhang, Na Yang, Pinjing He
Summary: This study assesses and predicts the greenhouse gas emissions on the timeline as waste treatment technologies develop in Shanghai from 1991 to 2025 using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. The findings demonstrate that GHG emission has reached net-zero in 2019 owing to the application of alternative technologies and waste segregation.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Bingchun Liu, Haoyang Wang, Xiaoqin Liang, Yibo Wang, Zijie Feng
Summary: The expansion of the photovoltaic market has resulted in a significant increase in PV waste. Therefore, conducting scientific research to determine the importance of the circular economy for sustainable growth in the PV industry is essential. The study demonstrates that accurate prediction of PV installed capacity and quantifying the importance of recycling in balancing the supply and demand of raw materials can be achieved through a multi-factor installed capacity prediction model and recovery potential prediction.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Review
Engineering, Environmental
Chuanzhen Zhang, Baojing Gu, Xia Liang, Shu Kee Lam, Yi Zhou, Deli Chen
Summary: Reactive nitrogen is crucial for agriculture and human nutrition, but mismanagement can have detrimental effects on human health and ecosystem services, hindering the achievement of the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals. Progress towards nitrogen-related targets varies across countries, highlighting the need for integrated management to achieve overall synergies.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Alessandro Gatto, Marijke Kuiper, Corina van Middelaar, Hans van Meijl
Summary: This study examines the economic and environmental effects of transitioning towards more circular food systems in the European Union (EU27) by feeding animals with low-opportunity-cost feed and better utilizing local feed resources. The results show that providing subsidies for circularity and promoting the use of low-cost feed can increase animal production, but also have negative impacts on land use and emissions. On the other hand, promoting domestic feed sourcing through import tariffs can decrease animal production and greenhouse gas emissions in agriculture. However, complementary policies are needed to mitigate drawbacks and enhance benefits of a more circular agri-food system.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Jinbo Zhang, Liu Chen, Yulei Xie, Pingjian Yang, Zheng Li, Huaicheng Guo, Yang Zhang, Lirong Liu
Summary: This study examines the impact of carbon taxes on low-carbon development and climate change mitigation. By constructing a cross-system bi-layer model, the study finds that reasonable carbon taxes can promote the stability of the energy network, reduce carbon emissions and air pollutants, and optimize production efficiency and the structure of the energy system. This study contributes to a better understanding of the effects and implementation pathways of carbon taxes.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Konstantin Born, Mehmet Metehan Ciftci
Summary: Increasing recycling of metals is important for reducing reliance on mining, but it cannot fully meet future metal demand. Primary production of metals is expected to continue rising, highlighting the need for alternative circular economy strategies such as demand reduction and mitigating harmful impacts of primary metal production.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Yinqiu Ma, Lin Huang, Jiahui Li, Wei Cao, Yumei Cai
Summary: Afforestation and reforestation, such as China's Grain for Green Program, have shown to effectively mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and contribute to carbon sink capacity. This study highlights the significant carbon potential of the program and its potential application in other countries to reduce CO2 in the atmosphere.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Arlind Dervishaj, Kjartan Gudmundsson
Summary: This paper reviews digital tools for supporting the Circular Economy (CE) in the built environment and provides suggestions. The study identifies limitations in the functionalities of current tools, including a lack of representative data for LCA and underdeveloped circularity indicators. Further development is needed in terms of interoperability aspects, integration of more sources of data for LCA and circularity, and possibilities for a comprehensive evaluation of design choices.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Mohamadreza Y. Azarfam, Anuj Maheshwari, Frank D. Blum, Siddhesh Chaudhari, Clinton Switzer, Ranji Vaidyanathan, Jay C. Hanan, Sudheer Bandla
Summary: This study introduces a feasible method for manufacturing recycled composites using post-consumer carpets and recycled resin. The resulting composites have impressive strength and modulus, surpassing commercial thermoplastics and making them suitable for structural applications. This research presents a promising approach to address carpet landfilling and reduce reliance on additives.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Pujiang Shi, Tianle Huang, Hong Kit Lim, Chiew Kei Tan, Jong-Min Lee, Chor Yong Tay
Summary: This study developed a highly porous bioadaptive 3D sponge-like construct from plastic materials in discarded keyboards for advanced in vitro applications. The findings demonstrate the potential of using discarded keyboards as a waste-to-resource feedstock to achieve waste reduction and maximize value-capture.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Kuo-Jui Wu, Hailing Qiu, Caiyan Huang, Anthony S. F. Chiu, Ming-Lang Tseng
Summary: Government resource allocation practices for achieving carbon neutrality should be guided by dynamic system theory to identify potential dynamics. Carbon intensity control dynamics have a significant influence on other dynamics.
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
(2024)