Article
Thermodynamics
Yanfeng Liu, Yingya Chen, Dengjia Wang, Jingrui Liu, Xi Luo, Yingying Wang, Huaican Liu, Jiaping Liu
Summary: The study investigates the structural layout and parameter optimization of a PV cooling system which effectively reduces the surface temperature, increases power generation efficiency, and achieves maximum conversion and exergy efficiencies through exponential relationships with mass flow rate. Economic calculations show that the PV cooling system can increase power generation by 7%-15% in typical cities in China.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Mohammed Alktranee, Bencs Peter
Summary: This study investigates the impact of rectangular aluminium fins (RAFs) and evaporative cooling represented by cotton wicks immersed water (CWWs) on the performance and thermal behavior of PV modules. The results show that evaporative cooling achieves better cooling potential than RAFs, reducing the PV module temperature by 22.3% and enhancing the output power by 73%. RAFs slightly improve PV module performance due to increased heat transfer area, reducing temperature by up to 6.7% and increasing output power by up to 21.3%. PV modules without cooling in hot climate areas may significantly deteriorate their performance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
P. Sudhakar, R. Santosh, B. Asthalakshmi, G. Kumaresan, R. Velraj
Summary: This study investigates the use of phase change material (PCM) and natural water cooling system for effective thermal management of solar photovoltaic (PV) panels. Experimental results showed that the top to bottom continuous water supply cooling technique significantly improved the performance of the PV panel.
Article
Thermodynamics
Hyun Sung Hwang, Sungho Yun, Jae-Chul Kim, Dongchan Lee
Summary: A photovoltaic noise barrier is a useful device for installing PV systems on a noise barrier. Investigation on the cooling performance of the PVNBs is essential due to the low thermal conductivity of the noise absorber, which significantly affects the electrical performance of the PV module.
APPLIED THERMAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Someshwar S. Bhakre, Pravin D. Sawarkar, Vilas R. Kalamkar
Summary: The study showed that front surface cooling can significantly reduce the temperature of photovoltaic panels and increase optical efficiency, while the use of water spraying cooling system can reduce the temperature of PV panels by 5-6 degrees Celsius. The photovoltaic thermal absorber collector system is the most economically viable system for electrical and thermal energy generation, and evaporative cooling using clay and cotton wick structure could be an effective solution for standalone PV systems.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yuanzhi Gao, Changling Wang, Dongxu Wu, Zhaofeng Dai, Bo Chen, Xiaosong Zhang
Summary: The study investigates the impact of operating temperature on the working performance of a novel bifacial concentrated photovoltaic-solar thermoelectric generator (PV-STEG) system, and selects a mini channel heat sink with superior heat transfer characteristics to lower the PV cell temperature. A three-dimensional numerical model is developed and compared with a conventional PV system. The study finds that the square mini-channel heat sink is more suitable and recommends maximizing power yield through stronger solar irradiance, higher Reynolds number, and lower inlet temperature. The use of nanofluids significantly reduces/improves PV temperature and power output, with a 14.59% increase in total efficiency and a 23.21% enhancement in exergy efficiency compared to the PV alone.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Filipe L. J. Diniz, Caio V. P. Vital, Luis A. Gomez-Malagon
Summary: This study investigates the influence of the optical and physical properties of nanofluids on the energy and exergetic efficiencies of a Photovoltaic/Thermal (PV/T) system. It proposes an optimized design for the PV/T system using nanofluids containing silver and gold nanoparticles.
Article
Thermodynamics
Nidal H. Abu-Hamdeh, Saleh Khorasani, Hakan F. Oztop, Khalid A. Alnefaie
Summary: A novel design of pyramid-shaped solar panel was simulated in this study, showing that increasing the air mass flow rate led to changes in airflow patterns and the creation of small vortices at the corners of the pyramid, resulting in enhanced heat transfer coefficients in those regions. Additionally, higher inlet air velocity increased the heat transfer coefficient by up to 1.9 times and led to a reduction in backside temperature difference by up to 29%.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
(2022)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ali Sohani, Hoseyn Sayyaadi, Mohammad Hossein Doranehgard, Sandro Nizetic, Larry K. B. Li
Summary: Numerical simulations of photovoltaic solar panels show that incorporating temperature-dependent layer properties leads to significant improvements in accuracy. The study also reveals that as the standard deviation of temperature distribution increases on the panel, the impact of temperature-dependent layer properties also increases.
SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Khushbu Mankani, Hassam Nasarullah Chaudhry, John Kaiser Calautit
Summary: This study analyzes the cooling performance of air-cooled heat sinks for the climate of Dubai, UAE, and improves the feasibility of photovoltaic technology by optimizing the temperature of solar panels.
ENERGY AND BUILDINGS
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Zeynep Ozcan, Miray Gulgun, Ecem Sen, Nezir Yagiz Cam, Levent Bilir
Summary: This study aims to achieve a cooling effect on solar panels by placing an air duct underneath, increasing efficiency. Results show that using finned cooling channels can effectively lower the temperature of PV panels, reducing CO2 emissions from coal and natural gas when using solar energy.
Article
Thermodynamics
Jiangjiang Wang, Yanbo Qin, Shuojie Huo, Kangzhen Xie, Yiming Li
Summary: This paper presents a novel hybrid cogeneration system based on a parallel-cooled photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) module. The parallel-cooled module achieves a more uniform temperature due to the parallel cooling fluid of air mixed with water or nanofluids. The results show significant improvements in both thermal and electrical efficiency with the use of nanofluids, particularly with Al2O3 nanofluid and air. The system achieves a maximum exergy efficiency of 11.74% under certain conditions.
JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Koorosh Khosravi, Hayder I. Mohammed, Jasim M. Mahdi, Mahyar Silakhori, Mohammadreza Ebrahimnataj Tiji, Arash Kazemian, Tao Ma, Pouyan Talebizadehsardari
Summary: A three-dimensional numerical simulation and optimization method were used to evaluate and improve the efficiency of photovoltaic solar modules connected with linear pipes for water supply. The study found that the thermal exergy effectiveness plays a crucial role in system performance. Single-objective optimization showed that maximizing heat transfer efficiency, whole energy effectiveness, or thermal exergy efficiency, or minimizing destroyed exergy, improved energy and exergy efficiencies. Multi-objective optimization indicated that the optimized results were within desirable limits. These findings provide valuable insights for designing high-efficiency photovoltaic/thermal systems.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ahmed N. Abdalla, Amin Shahsavar
Summary: By combining photovoltaic panels and solar collectors, photovoltaic/thermal hybrid collectors (PTHCs) are able to convert solar energy into both electricity and heat, with a better performance than separate panels and collectors. Researchers have found that using a rotary propeller type turbulator in a concentrating PTHC can further improve its energy efficiency. The optimal performance for PTHCs with a rotary turbulator occurs at a rotational speed of 5000 rpm.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Fahad Al-Amri, Farooq Saeed, Muhammad Abdul Mujeebu
Summary: One of the major challenges in the PV industry is to effectively cool the PV panel during its operation. This study introduces a dual-function PV panel racking structure that acts as both a mechanical support and a heat sink. Numerical analysis and field experiments validate that the modified structure can reduce panel temperature and increase panel efficiency, resulting in a lower levelized cost of electricity.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Cameron Bracken, Nathalie Voisin, Casey D. Burleyson, Allison M. Campbell, Z. Jason Hou, Daniel Broman
Summary: This study presents a methodology and dataset for examining compound wind and solar energy droughts, as well as the first standardized benchmark of energy droughts across the Continental United States (CONUS) for a 2020 infrastructure. The results show that compound wind and solar droughts have distinct spatial and temporal patterns across the CONUS, and the characteristics of energy droughts are regional. The study also finds that compound high load events occur more often during compound wind and solar droughts than expected.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Ning Zhang, Yanghao Yu, Jiawei Wu, Ershun Du, Shuming Zhang, Jinyu Xiao
Summary: This paper provides insights into the optimal configuration of CSP plants with different penetrations of wind power by proposing an unconstrained optimization model. The results suggest that large solar multiples and TES are preferred in order to maximize profit, especially when combined with high penetrations of wind and photovoltaic plants. Additionally, the study demonstrates the economy and feasibility of installing electric heaters (EH) in CSP plants, which show a linear correlation with the penetration of variable energy resources.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
M. Szubel, K. Papis-Fraczek, S. Podlasek
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
J. Silva, J. C. Goncalves, C. Rocha, J. Vilaca, L. M. Madeira
Summary: This study investigated the methanation of CO2 in biogas and compared two different methanation reactors. The results showed that the cooled reactor without CO2 separation achieved a CO2 conversion rate of 91.8%, while the adiabatic reactors achieved conversion rates of 59.6% and 67.2%, resulting in an overall conversion rate of 93.0%. Economic analysis revealed negative net present worth values, indicating the need for government monetary incentives.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Yang Liu, Yonglan Xi, Xiaomei Ye, Yingpeng Zhang, Chengcheng Wang, Zhaoyan Jia, Chunhui Cao, Ting Han, Jing Du, Xiangping Kong, Zhongbing Chen
Summary: This study investigated the effect of using nanofiber membrane composites containing Prussian blue-like compound nanoparticles (PNPs) to relieve ammonia nitrogen inhibition of rural organic household waste during high-solid anaerobic digestion and increase methane production. The results showed that adding NMCs with 15% PNPs can lower the concentrations of volatile fatty acids and ammonia nitrogen, and increase methane yield.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhong Ge, Xiaodong Wang, Jian Li, Jian Xu, Jianbin Xie, Zhiyong Xie, Ruiqu Ma
Summary: This study evaluates the thermodynamic, exergy, and economic performance of a double-stage organic flash cycle (DOFC) using ten eco-friendly hydrofluoroolefins. The influences of key parameters on performance are analyzed, and the advantages of DOFC over single-stage type are quantified.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nicolas Kirchner-Bossi, Fernando Porte-Agel
Summary: This study investigates the optimization of power density in wind farms and its sensitivity to the available area size. A novel genetic algorithm (PDGA) is introduced to optimize power density and turbine layout. The results show that the PDGA-driven solutions significantly reduce the levelized cost of energy (LCOE) compared to the default layout, and exhibit a convex relationship between area and LCOE or power density.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Chunxiao Zhang, Dongdong Li, Lin Wang, Qingpo Yang, Yutao Guo, Wei Zhang, Chao Shen, Jihong Pu
Summary: In this study, a novel reversible liquid-filled energy-saving window that effectively regulates indoor solar radiation heat gain is proposed. Experimental results show that this window can effectively reduce indoor temperature during both summer and winter seasons, while having minimal impact on indoor illuminance.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Alessandro L. Aguiar, Martinho Marta-Almeida, Mauro Cirano, Janini Pereira, Leticia Cotrim da Cunha
Summary: This study analyzed the Brazilian Equatorial Shelf using a high-resolution ocean model and found significant tidal variations in the area. Several hypothetical barrages were proposed with higher annual power generation than existing barrages. The study also evaluated the installation effort of these barrages.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Francesco Superchi, Nathan Giovannini, Antonis Moustakis, George Pechlivanoglou, Alessandro Bianchini
Summary: This study focuses on the optimization of a hybrid power station on the Tilos island in Greece, aiming to increase energy export and revenue by optimizing energy fluxes. Different scenarios are proposed to examine the impact of different agreements with the grid operator on the optimal solution.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Peimaneh Shirazi, Amirmohammad Behzadi, Pouria Ahmadi, Sasan Sadrizadeh
Summary: This research presents two novel energy production/storage/usage systems to reduce energy consumption and environmental effects in buildings. A biomass-fired model and a solar-driven system integrated with photovoltaic thermal (PVT) panels and a heat pump were designed and assessed. The results indicate that the solar-based system has an acceptable energy cost and the PVT-based system with a heat pump is environmentally superior. The biomass-fired system shows excellent efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zihao Qi, Yingling Cai, Yunxiang Cui
Summary: This study aims to investigate the operational characteristics of the solar-ground source heat pump system (SGSHPS) in Shanghai under different operation modes. It concludes that tandem operation mode 1 is the optimal mode for winter operation in terms of energy efficiency.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
L. Bartolucci, S. Cordiner, A. Di Carlo, A. Gallifuoco, P. Mele, V. Mulone
Summary: Spent coffee grounds are a valuable biogenic waste that can be used as a source of biofuels and valuable chemicals through pyrolysis and solvent extraction processes. The study found that heavy organic bio-oil derived from coffee grounds can be used as a carbon-rich biofuel, while solvent extraction can extract xantines and p-benzoquinone, which are important chemicals for various industries. The results highlight the promising potential of solvent extraction in improving the economic viability of coffee grounds pyrolysis-based biorefineries.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Luiza de Queiroz Correa, Diego Bagnis, Pedro Rabelo Melo Franco, Esly Ferreira da Costa Junior, Andrea Oliveira Souza da Costa
Summary: Building-integrated photovoltaics, especially organic solar technology, are important for reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the building sector. This study analyzed the performance of organic panels laminated in glass in a vertical installation in Latin America. Results showed that glass lamination and vertical orientation preserved the panels' performance and led to higher energy generation in winter.
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Zhipei Hu, Shuo Jiang, Zhigao Sun, Jun Li
Summary: This study proposes innovative fin arrangements to enhance the thermal performance of latent heat storage units. Through optimization of fin distribution and prediction of transient melting behaviors, it is found that fin structures significantly influence heat transfer characteristics and melting behaviors.