Article
Engineering, Chemical
Chenghao Ma, Ru Qu, Changqi Zhu, Haifeng Liu, Tianmin Wang
Summary: In this study, the microstructural evolution of calcareous sand during compression was revealed using X-ray CT scanning technology. The findings indicate that particle morphology, relative density, and vertical stress have significant influences on the pore characteristics and deformation behavior of calcareous sand.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fan Yang, Yu-Hong Zeng, Wen-Xin Huai
Summary: Settlement of non-spherical particles in riverine ecosystems is commonly observed and influenced by both particle and fluid properties. By collecting and studying 828 settling data, a new drag law for non-spherical particles has been developed, allowing for the prediction of settling velocity for particles of various shapes and materials. Further applications in hydrochorous propagule dispersal and sediment transport are projected based on a deeper understanding of the settling process.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haishan Miao, Hao Zhang, Yuhang Wu, Yang Wang, Xizhong An
Summary: Particle-resolved direct numerical simulations (PR-DNS) are used to study the momentum and heat transfer of two interactive non-spherical porous particles. Various parameters of the leading particle, such as aspect ratio, orientation, and porosity, are shown to affect the drag coefficient and average Nusselt number of the trailing particle. The results reveal different trends depending on the specific conditions, such as the shape of the leading particle and the distance between the particles.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman, Dmitry Portnikov
Summary: Various experiments were conducted to analyze the acceleration of particles in different fluids. A simple exponential function was developed to describe the relationship between velocity and distance. This function depends on the initial acceleration and terminal velocity and can predict the velocity during acceleration with an accuracy of +/- 10%.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Chuanpeng Zhang, Renshuai Zhu, Yanpei Chen, Wei Wang, Tomohiko Furuhata
Summary: The configuration-dependent dynamics of non-spherical particles were experimentally investigated in a quasi-two-dimensional gas-solid fluidized bed. It was found that the vertical velocity profiles were sensitive to the aspect ratio at low gas velocity but not at high gas velocity. The velocity distribution, particularly the rotational velocity distribution, deviated from the Maxwellian distribution. The joint probability density distribution of vertical and rotational velocity was asymmetric. Two high-probability particle configurations, two particles in a parallel or vertical arrangement, were identified by calculating various functions. The cause of this order appearance was explained through entropy theory. The drag force of the particle configurations at different angles and Re was compared, demonstrating the necessity of considering configuration-dependent drag force for non-spherical particle fluidization.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhaohui Huang, Wei Deng, Ye Yuan, Lufeng Liu, Yutao Wang, Shuixiang Li
Summary: This study addresses the quantification of effective particle size in mixtures with different shapes and size dispersity in 2D space, providing a foundation for 2D polydisperse packings.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zongli Chen, Ying Zhao
Summary: This paper proposes a quasi-physical method for the random packing of spherical particles. The proposed model calculates the displacements of each particle to generate a feasible packing configuration. The predicted packing densities of the proposed method are in good agreement with other methods and experimental results.
Article
Thermodynamics
Chuan-Yong Zhu, Wen-Xin Yang, Hai-Bo Xu, Bin Ding, Liang Gong, Zeng-Yao Li
Summary: This paper investigates effective thermal conductivity models for particle reinforced composites, proposing a general and easy-to-use model by extending existing ones and validating it.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF THERMAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Analytical
Tohme Tohme, Pascale Magaud, Lucien Baldas
Summary: Understanding the behavior of particles in microchannels is crucial for designing efficient microfluidic devices. Most research has focused on the inertial migration of spherical particles, but behavior of non-spherical particles in microflows remains a challenge. Particle translation and rotation are coupled, with existing studies often decoupling rotational and lateral migration behaviors.
Article
Mechanics
Xin Yang, Matthew McGilvray, David R. H. Gillespie
Summary: This paper develops a two-dimensional framework to model the trajectory and melting behavior of rotating non-spherical ice crystals. The model is validated and compared with other methods, showing significant differences in particle behavior. The study highlights the importance of considering particle shape and porosity in understanding melting and impingement behavior.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIPHASE FLOW
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Haim Kalman, Erez Matana
Summary: The study reviewed empirical correlations and experimental works on the relationship between drag coefficient (C-D) of spheres with Reynolds number (Re) and Re with Archimedes number (Ar), and found the best-fit correlations for experimental results. New correlations for Re-Ha and C-D-Ar were also established, with the latter being easier to use than the common C-D-Re curve.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
M. Knoll, H. Gerhardter, P. Tomazic, C. Hochenauer
Summary: The study focused on predicting particle motion behavior in a fluid flow after injection, specifically the lateral distribution. Experimental and numerical analysis were conducted using a specially designed flow channel called the particle cross sifter. The results indicated that only combining LES approach with DPM could accurately predict the lateral particle distribution.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Juana Arias-Trujillo, Agustin Matias-Sanchez
Summary: The article introduces a mechanical stabilization technique based on repetitive recycling and recompaction without binder to improve poorly compactable sands, reducing construction waste and raw material consumption.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
S. Lain, C. Castang, D. Garcia, M. Sommerfeld
Summary: This paper proposes a novel set of correlations for the drag, lift, and torque coefficients of non-spherical particles with irregular shapes. These correlations are suitable for intermediate Reynolds numbers and have wide applications. By fitting the results of Particle-Resolved Direct Numerical Simulations, the proposed expressions describe the coefficients in relation to particle Reynolds number and sphericity. These correlations are simple, easy to implement, and can be used in a Lagrangian stochastic framework to track irregular particles.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
C. Castang, S. Lain, D. Garcia, M. Sommerfeld
Summary: In industrial processes, particles can take irregular non-spherical shapes, but numerical computations usually assume spherical particles due to limited understanding of the fluid dynamic forces acting on irregular particles. This study aims to generate new information about the flow resistance coefficients experienced by non-spherical particles with different degrees of sphericity in a uniform flow. Particle Resolved Direct Numerical Simulations are performed to compute the flow coefficients, and the obtained results show a scattering around the mean values with sensitivity to particle irregularity and aspect ratio.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Linghui Peng, Lingling Shen, Weiren Fan, Zichuan Liu, Hongbo Qiu, Aibing Yu, Xuchuan Jiang
Summary: The importance of outdoor thermal comfort due to climate change has led to the development of a smart thermal management film with an Ag/VO2/Ag sandwich structure. This film can reduce temperature by around 10 degrees C under intense infrared radiation and has potential applications in wearable devices, flexible electronics, medical monitors, and smart IR radiation management.
JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL TEXTILES
(2022)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Siddhartha Shrestha, Jin Xu, Aibing Yu, Zongyan Zhou
Summary: FLDS technology can effectively reduce fuel consumption and improve the quality of sintered products by evenly distributing heat patterns. Air velocity and bed height have significant influences on the operation, and sensitivity analysis can provide guidance for FLDS operation.
IRONMAKING & STEELMAKING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Qinwen Liu, Wenqi Zhong, Aibing Yu, Chi-Hwa Wang
Summary: With the improvement of the models for oxy-fuel co-firing, the adaptability of the models to the oxy-fuel atmosphere can be enhanced, and the accurate prediction of NO, N2O, SO2 emissions can be achieved. This study also provided valuable information for the design and operation control of oxy-fuel co-firing of coal and biomass in a fluidized bed.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Dianyu E, Peng Zhou, Suya Guo, Jia Zeng, Qiang Xu, Liejin Guo, Qinfu Hou, Aibing Yu
Summary: This study employed a multiscale method to investigate the evolution, microscale characteristics, coke temperature, and combustion in the raceway of a blast furnace under different operating conditions. The results showed consistent distributions of coke temperature, carbon loss, and diameter variation, and the carbon monoxide concentration was influenced by the oxygen concentration but not by changes in the inlet gas temperature and flow rate.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lingling Liu, Shibo Kuang, Lulu Jiao, Baoyu Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: This study presents a numerical investigation on the effects of pulverized coal injection (PCI) in an industrial blast furnace. The results show that appropriate oxygen enrichment and suitable burden distribution can enhance the maximum operable PCI rate, while excessive oxygen enrichment increases coke consumption. The integrated model used in this study can serve as a cost-effective tool to optimize PCI effects on blast furnace performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiwei Chu, Yanxing Chen, Li Ji, Zongqing Zhou, Aibing Yu, Jiang Chen
Summary: This study presents a numerical investigation of gas-solid flow in a gas cyclone using a coarse-grained combined Discrete Element Method (DEM) and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) model. The results demonstrate that the model captures the typical flow features in a gas cyclone and highlights the importance of including the van der Waals force for accurate separation efficiency prediction.
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Jing Li, Shibo Kuang, Lulu Jiao, Lingling Liu, Ruiping Zou, Aibing Yu
Summary: The study investigates the impact of hydrogen enrichment on a blast furnace, finding that as hydrogen content increases, the coke rate initially decreases before increasing, and productivity improves but slows down gradually. The optimal hydrogen enrichment can be determined based on the minimum coke rate. Overall, hydrogen enrichment enhances the energy efficiency of the blast furnace.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Jieqing Gan, Zongyan Zhou, Aibing Yu, Dean Ellis, Reece Attwood, Wei Chen
Summary: Multibody dynamics (MBD) simulation is a useful tool for analyzing the kinematic function of multibody systems, while discrete element method (DEM) is commonly used for simulating particle flows and overall processes. Combining MBD and DEM methods through functional mock-up interface (FMI) co-simulation can predict equipment performance by considering both material and equipment behavior. This study utilized Dymola software to perform MBD and FMI co-simulations, developing MBD models for a hydraulic excavator system and GPU-based DEM models for excavator digging cycles. The results demonstrated the significant impact of solid materials on excavator movement.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lingling Liu, Shibo Kuang, Baoyu Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: Optimization of ironmaking blast furnaces involves considering bottom and top operations. A recently developed integrated BF model and numerical orthogonal experiments are used to predict BF performance indicators and conduct multi-objective optimization and operatable zone identification.
CHEMIE INGENIEUR TECHNIK
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Lingling Liu, Shibo Kuang, Baoyu Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: Oxygen blast furnace (OBF) is a low carbon ironmaking technology that suffers from high gas flame temperature. Injecting COREX off-gas (CROG) into the industrial BF can improve coal combustion and overall performance. The optimum injection rate of CROG helps achieve better fuel economy by enhancing indirect reduction and coke combustion.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
E. Dianyu, Haihan Fan, Zhongfang Su, Guangtai Xu, Ruiping Zou, Aibing Yu, Shibo Kuang
Summary: This paper proposes a hydrocyclone with a tapered inlet design to reduce the influence of particles misplacement. The new hydrocyclone integrates the advantages of both spiral inlet and tangential inlet. Through the analysis of separation performance, flow characteristics, and volume fraction distributions, an optimum design is identified. Compared to a standard hydrocyclone, the new design significantly improves tangential velocities, expands the locus of zero vertical velocity, and achieves more stable air core, symmetric radial and axial velocity distributions, as well as reduced eddy flow and short-circuit flow. This study offers a new perspective for improving hydrocyclone flows and performance.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yang Zhang, Danjiao Zhao, Lei Cao, Lanlan Fan, Aiping Lin, Shufen Wang, Feng Gu, Aibing Yu
Summary: Flexible strain sensors are crucial for public healthcare as they can noninvasively monitor vital health signals. In this study, we developed structurally integrated 3D conductive networks-based flexible strain sensors using a droplet-based aerosol jet printing process and a transfer process. The sensors showed enhanced conduction and mechanical properties during stretching, and demonstrated effective responses to human movements such as finger bending and arm bending. Our findings highlight the potential of droplet-based aerosol jet printing for advanced flexible devices in optoelectronics and wearable electronics applications.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yifan Qin, Xiao Dong Chen, Aibing Yu, Jie Xiao
Summary: Mathematical modeling of mass transfer and absorption in the small intestine is challenging and requires a reliable and computationally efficient predictive model. This study derives an absorption model that considers the 3D intestinal inner wall structure and can be used in a 1D distributed model. Computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to quantify the mass-transfer coefficient. The model provides insights into the influence of intestinal morphology and motility on mass transfer and absorption.
Article
Energy & Fuels
E. Dianyu, Peng Zhou, Langyong Ji, Jiaxin Cui, Qiang Xu, Liejin Guo, Aibing Yu
Summary: In this study, a validated CFD-DEM model is used to investigate the dynamics, microstructure, and thermochemical behaviors in the raceway of a blast furnace with hydrogen injection operations. The effects of hydrogen injection concentration on raceway size, gas temperature, and components are studied.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Hao Miao, Ke Huang, Yingwen Li, Renjie Li, Xudong Zhou, Jingyu Shi, Zhenbo Tong, Zhenhua Sun, Aibing Yu
Summary: In this study, the LNP formulation, atomization methods, and buffer system were optimized to maintain stability and efficiency of mRNA encapsulated LNPs during the atomization process. A suitable LNP formulation for atomization, AX4, DSPC, cholesterol, and DMG-PEG2K at a 35/16/46.5/2.5 (%) molar ratio, was identified based on in vitro experiments. Soft mist inhaler (SMI) was found to be the most suitable method for pulmonary delivery of mRNA encapsulated LNPs. The physico-chemical properties of the LNPs, such as size and entrapment efficiency, were further improved by adjusting the buffer system with trehalose. In vivo fluorescence imaging of mice demonstrated the potential of SMI with proper LNPs design and buffer system for inhaled mRNA-LNP therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Ri Zhang, Shasha Zhang, Mengyan Ding
Summary: A thin liquid film method is proposed to evaluate sand erosion in annular flow. This method considers the direct interaction between the liquid film and gas core, as well as the entrainment and deposition of droplets. The erosion rate is calculated by considering the effects of liquid entrainment and particle velocity decay. The method is fully verified by comparing with experimental data.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Yu Suo, Xianheng Su, Wenyuan He, Xiaofei Fu, Zhejun Pan
Summary: This research investigates the mechanical properties of sandstone-shale composite through orthogonal experimental method and discrete element simulation. The results show that different lithologies and thickness ratios can affect the strength and fracture mode of the composite rock samples.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Maurizio Troiano, Andrea El Hassanin, Roberto Solimene, Alessia Teresa Silvestri, Fabrizio Scala, Antonino Squillace, Piero Salatino
Summary: This study investigates the potential of Fluidized Bed Finishing (FBF) for square flat AlSi10Mg specimens manufactured via Laser-Powder Bed Fusion (L-PBF) additive manufacturing technology. The results show that good finishing can be achieved using rotation-assisted tests, with a maximum reduction of surface roughness by 67%. Steel particles are found to be the most effective bed material.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Ningbo Song, Wanzhong Yin, Jin Yao
Summary: Seawater's dissolved salts and minerals have various effects on the flotation process, including influencing the characteristics and behavior of flotation factors, as well as affecting the surface of sulfide minerals. In most cases, seawater has adverse effects on the flotation of sulfide minerals, but these effects can be mitigated by adjusting the reagents.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kaiqiao Wu, Shuxian Jiang, Victor Francia, Marc-Olivier Coppens
Summary: In rectangular and cylindrical annular fluidized beds, pulsating gas flow can create regular bubble patterns, overcoming challenges seen in conventional units. This study provides new opportunities for modularization of fluidized bed operations.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Shuo Li, Huili Zhang, Jan Baeyens, Miao Yang, Zehao Li, Yimin Deng
Summary: The paper assesses the behavior of cohesive Geldart C-type particles when fluidized by air with the aid of vibration. It determines that mechanical vibration is a simple and effective method to improve the fluidity of cohesive particles during fluidization.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zhenfei Feng, Qingyuan Zhang, Shanpan Liang, Zhenzhou Li, Fangwen Guo, Jinxin Zhang, Ding Yuan
Summary: A new micro/mini-channel heat sink (MCHS) with a combined structure of longitudinal and transverse vortex generators is designed, using Al2O3 nanofluid as the working medium. The study explores the effects of transverse vortex generator shape and longitudinal vortex generator angle on the hydraulic and thermal characteristics, comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency. The results show that the triangular transverse vortex generator improves the comprehensive performance and exergy efficiency. Combined with the longitudinal vortex generator, the MCHS achieves the best comprehensive performance, entropy generation, and exergy efficiency when the Reynolds number is 742.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Kostas Giannis, Christoph Thon, Guoqing Yang, Arno Kwade, Carsten Schilde
Summary: This study presents a 3D convolutional neural network (3D-CNN) methodology for generating realistic 3D models of particles. The method trains on 2D projections of particle images to predict their 3D shapes, and evaluates the accuracy of the predictions using Fourier shape descriptors (FSDs). This methodology has wide applications in particle shape analysis.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Zheng-qing Zhou, Lu-jia Chai, Yu-long Zhang, Ya-bin Wang, Ze-chen Du, Tian-yi Wang, Yu-zhe Liu
Summary: The dynamic oxidation and shell-breaking processes of aluminum nanoparticles (ANPs) during heating were studied using in situ transmission electron microscopy. The results revealed that the changes in shell thickness can be divided into three stages, and the active aluminum content of ANP decreased before shell-breaking.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Fulei Chen, Huaqing Ma, Zihan Liu, Lianyong Zhou, Yongzhi Zhao
Summary: A particle breakage model based on the particle replacement scheme, using the polyhedral model to describe particles, is proposed in this work to accurately describe the breakage of a large number of particles. Additionally, a fast-cutting algorithm is proposed to reproduce the size distribution of progeny particles determined by the breakage model. The validation and simulation results show satisfactory accuracy, efficiency, and stability of the algorithm.
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Matteo Errigo, Christopher Windows-Yule, Massimiliano Materazzi, Dominik Werner, Paola Lettieri
Summary: Gas-solid fluidized-bed systems have advantages in terms of chemical reaction efficiency and temperature control, making them widely used in industrial applications. However, the design, scale-up, and optimization of these complex units are limited by the lack of deep physical understanding. Non-invasive and non-intrusive diagnostic techniques provide a way for researchers to study these systems without affecting the flow field or directly contacting the medium under study.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Saeed Fateh, Mohammad Behshad Shafii, Mohammad Najafi, Cyrus Aghanajafi
Summary: Applying a magnetic field to ferrofluids alters their flow characteristics and enhances heat transfer. Through visualization and quantitative investigation, it is found that the magnetic field influences the flow patterns and velocity profiles, improving fluid mixing and vorticity magnitude.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lei Gao, Bingbing Wei, Xiaochuan Hu, Zaifeng Yao, Yiwen Fang, Xuejian Gao
Summary: In this study, a numerical model of sand triaxial test was established using discrete element software PFC3D, and an indoor triaxial test was conducted to calibrate the numerical model. The influence of microscopic parameters on the macroscopic mechanical response of sand was analyzed. The results showed that the friction coefficient had the greatest impact on the peak strength and residual strength of the sand's stress-strain curve, and it was positively correlated. The normal tangential stiffness ratio was negatively correlated, while the porosity and boundary flexibility stiffness had minimal influence on it.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Xuan Liu, Jie Gong, Kai Jiang, Xiaojuan Lai, Yu Tian, Kang Zhang
Summary: This study aimed to improve the performance of lignite coal water slurries (CWSs) by synthesizing a series of three-arm amphiphilic block copolymers. By controlling the relative molecular weight, hydrophilic/hydrophobic ratio, and ionic group content, the apparent viscosity of CWSs was significantly reduced and the static stability was improved. Thermogravimetric testing and XPS analysis were conducted to reveal the mechanism behind the improved performance.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Lanka Dinushke Weerasiri, Daniel Fabijanic, Subrat Das
Summary: Fluidization at low pressure offers significant benefits for the fine chemical industry. This study investigates the behavior of bubbles and bed expansion under low pressure conditions. It is found that lower pressure leads to larger bubbles, increased bubble quantity, and higher aspect ratio. The predictability is affected by the inhomogeneous fluidization, but low pressure fluidization can generate similar bubble sizes with lower fluidizing mass compared to atmospheric pressure.
