Review
Neurosciences
Yishu Liu, Chudong Wang, Zhiyun Pi, Tingting Wang, Changquan Zhang, Jifeng Cai
Summary: Reliable diagnostic methods for mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) are lacking, and researchers are searching for objective biomarkers to define and detect mTBI. This study analyzes the scientific development in mTBI diagnosis over the past two decades, including publication trends, authors, countries/regions, and molecular markers. The analysis of 1,023 publications from 2000 to 2022 reveals a continuous increase in the number of publications, with the majority of authors from the USA. Molecular markers are the most studied markers, accounting for 28.4% of all publications, and their research focus has sharply increased in the past 5 years, suggesting their potential as a future research trend.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Arina Ponomarenko, Anna Tyrtyshnaia, Darya Ivashkevich, Ekaterina Ermolenko, Inessa Dyuizen, Igor Manzhulo
Summary: The study demonstrates the neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects of synaptamide in mild traumatic brain injury. Synaptamide regulates astroglial activation, reduces nNOS production, stimulates neurotrophin secretion, and lessens the severity of brain damage consequences through antioxidant activity.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sara M. Lippa, Rael T. Lange, Clifton L. Dalgard, Anthony R. Soltis, Vivian A. Guedes, Tracey A. Brickell, Louis M. French, Jessica Gill
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time that APOE genotype is related to serum tau levels following mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), with APOE e4 carriers having higher levels and APOE e2 carriers having lower levels, suggesting a possible protective effect.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Melonie N. Vaughn, Charisse N. Winston, Natalie Levin, Robert A. Rissman, Victoria B. Risbrough
Summary: Exosomes, a form of extracellular vesicle, hold the potential to aid in the diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic brain injuries (TBI) by providing molecular insights into the brain's response to injury. Current evidence suggests that exosomes, particularly those derived from neurons and astrocytes, can be used to identify protein and miRNA biomarkers of injury severity, trajectory, and functional outcome. However, further research is needed to address limitations such as the small size and cross-sectional nature of current studies, as well as the standardization of exosome isolation techniques and identification of CNS-specific tissue sources.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chidozie C. Anyaegbu, Harrison Szemray, Sarah C. Hellewell, Nathan G. Lawler, Kerry Leggett, Carole Bartlett, Brittney Lins, Terence McGonigle, Melissa Papini, Ryan S. Anderton, Luke Whiley, Melinda Fitzgerald
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can cause structural, cellular, and biochemical changes in the brain that are difficult to detect and may persist chronically. Lipidomic analysis of blood samples, which can easily cross the blood-brain barrier, may provide valuable insights into the neuropathological state. This study used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to analyze plasma lipid concentrations after 11 days of sham, one (1 x), or two (2 x) mTBI in rats. They identified 18 lipid species that distinguished between different injury conditions and found that the changes in lipid concentrations varied depending on the number of mTBI, suggesting a balance of damage and reparative responses.
Review
Behavioral Sciences
Koen Visser, Milou Koggel, Jurre Blaauw, Harm Jan van der Horn, Bram Jacobs, Joukje van der Naalt
Summary: This systematic review summarizes clinical studies on blood-based inflammatory markers after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and identifies the value of inflammatory markers as biomarkers. The review suggests a distinct systemic inflammatory response following mTBI, quantifiable within 6 hours up to 12 months post-injury.
NEUROSCIENCE AND BIOBEHAVIORAL REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rany Vorn, Maiko Suarez, Jacob C. White, Carina A. Martin, Hyung-Suk Kim, Chen Lai, Si-Jung Yun, Jessica M. Gill, Hyunhwa Lee
Summary: In chronic mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), dysregulation of exosomal microRNAs in plasma may indicate long-lasting neuronal inflammation, resulting in persistent post-injury symptoms.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Steven D. Hicks, John Leddy, Brooke P. Lichak, Cayce Onks, Michael Dretsch, Priscilla Tennant, Mohammad Nadir Haider, Robert P. Olympia, Scott L. Zuckerman, Jayson Loeffert, Andrea C. Loeffert, Chuck Monteith, Christina L. Master
Summary: This study used saliva micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) levels to stratify individuals with concussion into biological subgroups, and found differences in age, time since injury, prior concussions, and symptom reports among these clusters. The miRNAs also regulate multiple physiological pathways, suggesting that saliva miRNA levels could aid personalized, biology-driven concussion treatment.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2022)
Review
Neurosciences
Valeria Diaz-Pacheco, Javier Vargas-Medrano, Eric Tran, Meza Nicolas, Diamond Price, Richa Patel, Silvina Tonarelli, Bharathi S. Gadad
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is the most common type of TBI, characterized by a lack of noticeable changes in neuroimaging studies. Accurate diagnosis of mTBI is crucial due to its potential to cause post-concussion syndrome and cognitive impairments. This review focuses on the role of biomarkers in diagnosing mTBI, including protein-based markers, genetic markers, imaging markers, neurophysiological markers, and clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Charlotte Oris, Samy Kahouadji, Julie Durif, Damien Bouvier, Vincent Sapin
Summary: Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is a growing burden worldwide, accounting for approximately 80% of all TBI cases. In recent years, candidate biomarkers have been investigated to improve the management of mTBI patients. Blood biomarker measurement in the acute phase after a traumatic event helps reduce unnecessary CT scans and hospitalizations. S100B protein has emerged as the most widely studied and used biomarker for clinical decision making in patients with mTBI. Besides its diagnostic use, S100B plays a role in the molecular pathogenic processes accompanying acute brain injury, making it a potential therapeutic target.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Kai-Yun Chen, Tung-Yao Tsai, Cheng-Fu Chang, Ju-Chi Ou, Yan-Rou Tsai, Hon-Ping Ma, Wen-Ta Chiu, Shin-Han Tsai, Kuo-Hsing Liao, Jia-Wei Lin, Chien-Min Lin, John Chung-Che Wu, Yung-Hsiao Chiang
Summary: The study aimed to investigate the use of BMX serum concentrations for predicting outcomes in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). Results showed significant associations between BMX levels and dizziness symptoms, suggesting BMX as a potential candidate serum biomarker for exacerbating dizziness post-mTBI.
JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sima Azizi, Daniel B. Hier, Blaine Allen, Tayo Obafemi-Ajayi, Gayla R. Olbricht, Matthew S. Thimgan, Donald C. Wunsch
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) poses a significant burden on the economy and society, especially in the diagnosis and prognosis of mild TBI. Biomarkers play a crucial role in analyzing the brain condition after TBI.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Hazem S. Ghaith, Asmaa Ahmed Nawar, Mohamed Diaa Gabra, Mohamed Essam Abdelrahman, Mohamed H. Nafady, Eshak Bahbah, Mahmoud Ahmed Ebada, Ghulam Md Ashraf, Ahmed Negida, George E. Barreto
Summary: Research into TBI biomarkers has accelerated in the past decade, but there is still a need to develop novel biomarkers entirely correlating with TBI pathologies; extracellular vesicles and miRNA are considered as promising candidates to overcome the limitations of traditional blood and CSF assays.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Uma Maheswari Deshetty, Palsamy Periyasamy
Summary: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex disorder with significant global public health concerns. Effective therapeutic interventions for TBI are currently lacking. Experimental animal models are used to study TBI mechanisms and evaluate potential treatments, but no single model can fully mimic clinical TBI due to its heterogeneity and ethical considerations. Further research is needed to understand TBI mechanisms, biomarkers, treatment strategies, and optimize animal models.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Christian LoBue, Brendan J. Kelley, John Hart, Jessica Helphrey, Jeff Schaffert, C. Munro Cullum, Matthew E. Peters, Peter M. Douglas
Summary: This study found that mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may be associated with excessive tau protein in Alzheimer's disease (AD), indicating a potential pathway for increasing the risk of AD. Further research with larger samples is still needed to confirm these findings.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ronald Sahyouni, Amin Mahmoodi, Jefferson W. Chen, David T. Chang, Omid Moshtaghi, Hamid R. Djalilian, Harrison W. Lin
NEUROSURGICAL REVIEW
(2019)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ronald Sahyouni, Khodayar Goshtasbi, Amin Mahmoodi, Diem Kieu Tran, Jefferson W. Chen
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2017)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ronald Sahyouni, Amin Mahmoodi, Diem K. Tran, Peter Tran, Jefferson W. Chen
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2017)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Ronald Sahyouni, Khodayar Goshtasbi, Amin Mahmoodi, Diem K. Tran, Jefferson W. Chen
WORLD NEUROSURGERY
(2017)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ronald Sahyouni, Khodayar Goshtasbi, Amin Mahmoodi, Jefferson W. Chen
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY-SPINE
(2018)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jerusha Naidoo, Lisa M. Stanek, Kousaku Ohno, Savanah Trewman, Lluis Samaranch, Piotr Hadaczek, Catherine O'Riordan, Jennifer Sullivan, Waldy San Sebastian, John R. Bringas, Christopher Snieckus, Amin Mahmoodi, Amir Mahmoodi, John Forsayeth, Krystof S. Bankiewicz, Lamya S. Shihabuddin
Article
Clinical Neurology
Vivek Sudhakar, Amin Mahmoodi, John R. Bringas, Jerusha Naidoo, Adrian Kells, Lluis Samaranch, Massimo S. Fiandaca, Krystof S. Bankiewicz
JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY
(2020)
Article
Economics
Carole Roan Gresenz, Jean M. Mitchell, James Marrone, Howard J. Federoff
Article
Clinical Neurology
Brandon M. Lehrich, Jack L. Birkenbeuel, Kelsey Roman, Amin Mahmoodi, Khodayar Goshtasbi, Ronald Sahyouni, Frank P. K. Hsu, Edward C. Kuan
Summary: This study identified significant sociodemographic disparities in patient selection for undergoing active surveillance (AS) versus definitive treatment (DT). Older age, African American race, government insurance or being uninsured were more likely to undergo AS, while larger tumor size, treatment at academic facilities, and living in the West regions of the United States were less likely to undergo AS. These disparities may impact patient clinical outcomes.
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Justin Huynh, Samira Masoudi, Abraham Noorbakhsh, Amin Mahmoodi, Seth Kligerman, Andrew Yen, Kathleen Jacobs, Lewis Hahn, Kyle Hasenstab, Michael Pazzani, Albert Hsiao
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the potential of blood serum biomarkers BNP and BNPP as continuously valued labels for training a radiographic deep learning algorithm. The CNN achieved strong performance in inferring BNP and BNPP, as well as detecting pulmonary edema. Increasing image resolution had positive gains in AUC and larger image sizes resulted in increased attention in the lungs. Utilizing radiographs near native resolution is necessary for optimal CNN performance.
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Ronald Sahyouni, David T. Chang, Omid Moshtaghi, Amin Mahmoodi, Hamid R. Djalilian, Harrison W. Lin
LARYNGOSCOPE INVESTIGATIVE OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2017)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ronald Sahyouni, Amin Mahmoodi, Amir Mahmoodi, Melissa Huang, Diem Kieu Tran, Jefferson W. Chen
CLINICAL NEUROLOGY AND NEUROSURGERY
(2017)
Article
Otorhinolaryngology
Omid Moshtaghi, Yarah M. Haidar, Ronald Sahyouni, Ramin Rajaii, Afsheen Moshtaghi, Amin Mahmoodi, Yaser Ghavami, Harrison W. Lin, Hamid R. Djalilian
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY
(2017)