Journal
PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS
Volume 46, Issue -, Pages S15-S18Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.07.021
Keywords
Biomarker; Parkinson Disease; Precision medicine; Pharmacogenomics
Categories
Funding
- NIA NIH HHS [P30 AG010124] Funding Source: Medline
- NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS082265, U01 NS082134, U01 NS097056] Funding Source: Medline
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First described 200 years ago, Parkinson Disease (PD) exhibits considerable heterogeneity in clinical presentation, as well as trajectory of motor and non-motor decline. This heterogeneity, in turn, complicates the planning of clinical research, particularly trials of disease-modifying therapies, as well as the care of PD patients. While clinical features have been used to delineate subgroups of PD patients, clinical subtyping is hampered by change in features over time, and clinical subtyping may fail to capture the biological processes underlying heterogeneity. In contrast, biomarkers - objective measures that serve as indicators of normal biological processes, pathogenic processes, or pharmacologic responses to therapeutic interventions have promise to delineate molecularly-defined subgroups of PD patients who may be most likely to benefit from specific therapeutic interventions. Here we review the present role of genetic and biochemical biomarkers in PD. Moreover, we highlight areas where the use of biomarkers may benefit clinical trial planning, as well as clinical care through the application of a precision medicine approach, in the near term. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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