Journal
NEUROLOGIC CLINICS
Volume 36, Issue 2, Pages 231-+Publisher
W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncl.2018.01.009
Keywords
Neuromuscular junction; Motor neuron; Muscle; Active zone; Acetylcholine receptors; MuSK; Voltage-gated calcium channels
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Funding
- NIH USA [1R01NS078214, 1R01AG051470]
- MEXT Japan [24390228, 25670437]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [25670437, 24390228] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) form between nerve terminals of spinal cord motor neurons and skeletal muscles, and perisynaptic Schwann cells and kranocytes cap NMJs. One muscle fiber has one NMJ, which is innervated by one motor nerve terminal. NMJs are excitatory synapses that use P/Q-type voltage-gated calcium channels to release the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Acetylcholine receptors accumulate at the postsynaptic specialization called the end plate on the muscle fiber membrane, the sarcolemma. Proteins essential for the organization of end plates include agrin secreted from nerve terminals, Lrp4 and MuSK receptors for agrin, and Dok-7 and rapsyn cytosolic proteins in the muscle.
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