Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yongrui Yang, Yang Wang, Yali Qiao, Yanlin Song
Summary: The application of metallic micro-nano architectures in flexible transparent electrodes offers advantages such as low cost, high transparency, and high conductivity, making them promising candidates to replace traditional conductive metal oxides in flexible electronics. The field is rapidly developing and poses significant potential for future advancements.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY C
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jie Gong, Xiao Fan, Zhangyang Zong, Mingyang Yang, Ya Sun, Guoqun Zhao
Summary: Flexible solar cells have the potential to be an ideal power source for future electronic devices due to their compact structure and adaptable shape. However, the limited flexibility of these cells is caused by the delicate indium tin oxide-based transparent conductive substrates. In this study, a flexible transparent conductive substrate made of silver nanowires embedded in colorless polyimide was developed using a simple and effective transfer method. The resulting substrate showed a well-connected silver nanowire conductive network with low sheet resistance, high transmittance, and smooth morphology. The perovskite solar cells fabricated on this substrate exhibited high efficiency and maintained their initial efficiency after numerous bending cycles. This research highlights the importance of suspension modification for the distribution and connection of silver nanowires and opens up possibilities for high-performance flexible solar cells for practical applications.
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shihui Yu, Junjun Li, Le Zhao, Muying Wu, Helei Dong, Lingxia Li
Summary: A Sb-doped SnO2 covering layer was introduced to enhance the performance of CuNWs on PET substrate, resulting in a novel TCE with outstanding chemical and thermal stability, high transmittance, and conductivity.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Xiaoli Duan, Yu Ding, Ruiyuan Liu
Summary: This article discusses the importance of flexible transparent electrodes in flexible organic solar cells and the advantages of using silver nanowires as an ideal candidate material. However, the stability of silver nanowires as transparent electrodes is a key limitation for their applications. The article provides a comprehensive analysis and summary of the failure mechanisms, reinforced materials, and stability enhancement strategies for silver nanowires, as well as surveys their application in flexible batteries.
MATERIALS TODAY ENERGY
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jifeng Zhai, Xin Yin, Lixin Song, Wei-Hsiang Chen, Pingfan Du, Jie Xiong
Summary: This study successfully prepared a flexible transparent electrode combining polyurethane/polyacrylonitrile nanofibers film with silver nanowire network, which has good flexibility and light transmittance. The perovskite solar cells were assembled with this electrode, achieving a conversion efficiency of 4.06% and maintaining over 85% of the original efficiency under a bending radius of 3 millimeters.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hyun Jeong Kwon, Geon-U Kim, Chulhee Lim, Jai Kyeong Kim, Sang-Soo Lee, Jinhan Cho, Hyung-Jun Koo, Bumjoon J. Kim, Kookheon Char, Jeong Gon Son
Summary: Recent advances in fabricating stretchable and transparent electrodes have led to the development of wavy Ag nanowire networks as promising platforms due to their high electrical conductivity and stretchability. However, there are drawbacks such as nonregular conductivity, surface roughness, and nanowire oxidation. To address these issues, composite electrodes with conducting polymers and ionic liquids are introduced, maintaining superior performance while improving overall conductivity, reducing roughness, and ensuring long-term stability. The composite electrode exhibits high mechanical stretchability and is applied to stretchable organic solar cells, resulting in a high power conversion efficiency of 11.3% and excellent stretching stability at 20% tensile strain.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shihui Yu, Junjun Li, Le Zhao, Baoming Gong, Lingxia Li
Summary: High-performance FTCEs with folding-insensitivity are achieved by embedding copper nanowires into polymethyl methacrylate, demonstrating high transmittance, low resistance, and stable conductivity after folding. The film shows excellent stability and has great potential for applications such as defrost, antifog, and LED devices.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yuheng Wang, Guodong Wang, Yi Xing, Muhammad Abdullah Adil, Waqar Ali Memon, Yilin Chang, Lixuan Liu, Chen Yang, Meng Zhang, Dongfan Li, Jianqi Zhang, Guanghao Lu, Zhixiang Wei
Summary: This study successfully developed high-performance large-area flexible semitransparent organic solar cells with transparency maintained at 16-24%, and even after 1000 bending cycles, still maintained 95% of their initial efficiency. The key factors are the unique top and bottom silver grid architecture, which enhances device performance while maintaining transparency.
MATERIALS CHEMISTRY FRONTIERS
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sang-Hwi Lim, Hae-Jun Seok, Min-Jun Kwak, Dong-Hyeok Choi, Su-Kyung Kim, Do-Hyung Kim, Han-Ki Kim
Summary: This study presents high performance semi-transparent perovskite solar cells with bidirectional transparent electrodes, showing significantly improved power conversion efficiency compared to typical PSCs. The fabrication of a transparent IZTO cathode through a two-step sputtering process demonstrates the feasibility of producing high-quality transparent top cathodes for semi-transparent PSCs. These results suggest that the FTS-based two-step sputtering technique has great potential for mass production of smart windows in building-integrated photovoltaics.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Yi Yang, Bowei Xu, Jianhui Hou
Summary: Organic solar cells have gained attention for their flexibility and semi-transparency, with silver nanowires being a promising candidate for transparent conducting electrodes. The review covers the properties, preparation methods, optimization approaches, and applications of AgNW-based TCEs in OSCs, as well as the challenges and guidelines for practical use.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Shugang Jiang, Lingdi Feng, Wenxiu Zhang, Haixu Liu, Hongyan Liu, Ye Liu, Bohong Li, Liping Wu, Xiaoyu Liu, Xinzhan Wang, Wei Yu, Wanbing Lu
Summary: The newly developed AZO/Cu/Ag/AZO multilayer transparent electrode shows excellent performance in flexible PSCs, being able to withstand significant bending and deformation while maintaining high efficiency.
SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Juanyong Wan, Yonggao Xia, Junfeng Fang, Zhiguo Zhang, Bingang Xu, Jinzhao Wang, Ling Ai, Weijie Song, Kwun Nam Hui, Xi Fan, Yongfang Li
Summary: The PEDOT:PSS flexible electrodes treated with CF3SO3H showed high electrical characteristics and stability, contributing to a suitable work function and an enhanced carrier extraction. The flexible organic solar cells achieved a record-high efficiency of 16.61%, along with high flexibility and good thermal stability, proving to be a promising solution for commercialization.
NANO-MICRO LETTERS
(2021)
Review
Energy & Fuels
Fen Qiao, Huaqiang Chu, Yi Xie, Zhankun Weng
Summary: Flexible transparent conducting electrodes (F-TCEs) are crucial for flexible solar cells, affecting the transmission of light and charge. Selection of appropriate characteristics of F-TCEs is essential for high-performance solar cells, and measures to obtain high transmittance and low resistance were discussed based on different solar cell structures and flexible substrate types.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Mengxi Bian, Yicheng Qian, Huanqi Cao, Tingting Huang, Zhixin Ren, Xiaodong Dai, Shifu Zhang, Yuan Qiu, Rongmei Si, Liying Yang, Shougen Yin
Summary: In this study, a simple room-temperature method was proposed to achieve precise welding of junctions in silver nanowires. The resulting flexible transparent electrodes showed high conductivity and stability, making them suitable for applications in transparent heaters and double-sided photovoltaic devices.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
In Su Jin, Hee Dong Lee, Seok Il Hong, Woosung Lee, Jae Woong Jung
Summary: The typical polyol-based synthesis of silver nanowires using insulating polymer as a surfactant limits direct contact between each nanowire, affecting optoelectronic properties. A simple solvent treatment effectively removes the insulating polymer, leading to decreased sheet resistance and increased transmittance. Transparent film heaters using the treated silver nanowire network rapidly reached 150 degrees C under a bias of 5 V, demonstrating great potential for flexible transparent electrode and film heater applications.