Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Cameron R. Homeyer, Alexandre O. Fierro, Benjamin A. Schenkel, Anthony C. Didlake, Greg M. McFarquhar, Jiaxi Hu, Alexander Ryzhkov, Jeffrey B. Basara, Amanda M. Murphy, Jonathan Zawislak
Summary: Polarimetric radar observations from NEXRAD WSR-88D network in the United States have revealed three prominent microphysical signatures in landfalling tropical cyclones, including hydrometeor size sorting in eyewall convection, vertical displacement of the melting layer in the inner core, and dendritic growth layers in stratiform regions. These unique signatures provide greater insight into the physical structure and thermodynamic characteristics of tropical cyclones, which are important for improving rainfall estimation and modeling of tropical cyclones.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Dan Wu, Fuqing Zhang, Xiaomin Chen, Alexander Ryzhkov, Kun Zhao, Matthew R. Kumjian, Xingchao Chen, Pak-Wai Chan
Summary: Cloud microphysics play a significant role in tropical cyclone precipitation. Evaluating three double-moment microphysics schemes, the study finds discrepancies between model simulations and observations, primarily attributed to differences in microphysics parameterizations. This suggests that improper treatment of ice-phase processes and overactive warm-rain processes may be important error sources in these microphysics schemes.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Hepeng Zheng, Yun Zhang, Haoran Li, Zuhang Wu, Zeming Zhou
Summary: This study finds that there is an overestimation of axis ratios (ARs) for raindrops when using 2D images for parameterization, especially for large raindrops and 2DVD raw products. This overestimation leads to an underestimation of differential reflectivity (Z(DR)) in simulated data and results in an underestimation of more than 20% for heavy rain rate estimation using polarimetric radar. In precipitating systems with drastic changes in raindrop size distribution, it is important to consider more realistic ARs.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Kyle Chudler, Steven A. Rutledge, Brenda Dolan
Summary: Isolated warm-rain cells over tropical oceans can contain large raindrops. These cells are typically small and short-lived, and have higher differential reflectivity on the upwind side. Differential reflectivity tends to increase at lower altitudes.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
F. Tridon, A. Battaglia, A. Rizik, F. E. Scarsi, A. Illingworth
Summary: The WIVERN mission, part of the ESA Earth Explorer program, aims to provide new insight into the coupling between winds and microphysics by observing vertical profiles of horizontal winds in cloudy areas. The study shows that WIVERN has the potential to fill the wind observation gap inside tropical cyclones, providing a large number of cloud observations for better weather prediction and understanding of physical processes.
EARTH AND SPACE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Edwin L. Dunnavan, Jacob T. Carlin, David Schvartzman, Alexander V. Ryzhkov, Howard Bluestein, Samuel Emmerson, Greg M. McFarquhar, Gerald M. Heymsfield, John Yorks
Summary: This study compares snow mass-weighted mean diameter retrievals from different radar platforms and methodologies for the first time. The results show mean absolute errors of 0.49, 0.74, and 0.93 mm between each retrieval method, with the largest differences observed between ground-based and airborne retrievals. A triple-frequency analysis suggests that snow aggregates are generally composed of needles. These findings serve as a benchmark for comparing retrieval methodologies and highlight the ongoing uncertainty regarding the optimal approach for ice microphysical retrievals.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Noah S. Brauer, A. Addison Alford, Sean M. Waugh, Michael I. Biggerstaff, Gordon D. Carrie, Pierre E. Kirstetter, Jeffrey B. Basara, Daniel T. Dawson, Kimberly L. Elmore, Jeffrey Stevenson, Robert W. Moore
Summary: During Hurricane Laura's landfall, there were changes in precipitation patterns, with a decrease in collision-coalescence dominant precipitation and an increase in stratiform precipitation. Additionally, some differences were found in measurements, suggesting a need for improvement in the precipitation radar algorithm.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-ATMOSPHERES
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Subrata Kumar Das, Anupam Hazra, Sachin M. Deshpande, U. V. Murali Krishna, Yogesh K. Kolte
Summary: This study investigated a deep convective storm over southwest India on October 12, 2011, using ground-based X-band radar measurements and WRF model simulations. Different cloud microphysics schemes were utilized to simulate the storm, with the WRF Double-Moment 6-Class scheme showing better results in capturing the vertical structure of the storm. The study emphasizes the importance of microphysics in different parameterization schemes of WRF simulation for forecasting convective storms in southwest India.
PURE AND APPLIED GEOPHYSICS
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Nicolas Reul, Bertrand Chapron, Semyon A. Grodsky, Sebastien Guimbard, Vladimir Kudryavtsev, Gregory R. Foltz, Karthik Balaguru
Summary: Decade-long satellite observations show that different intensities and moving speeds of tropical cyclones result in varying sea surface salinity changes on their left and right sides, with the most intense storms causing salinification and being influenced by the vertical salinity gradient in the upper ocean and barrier layers.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Noah S. Brauer, Jeffrey B. Basara, Pierre E. Kirstetter, Ryann A. Wakefield, Cameron R. Homeyer, Jinwoong Yoo, Marshall Shepherd, Joseph A. Santanello
Summary: Tropical Storm Bill brought over 400mm of rainfall to southern Oklahoma in June 2015, exacerbating the catastrophic flooding that had occurred in the region the month before. The unprecedented precipitation event in May and June resulted in high soil moisture and heat fluxes, increasing boundary layer moisture and leading to the formation of the tropical storm.
JOURNAL OF HYDROMETEOROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Ocean
Susana Jorquera, Felipe Toledo Bittner, Julien Delanoe, Alexis Berne, Anne-Claire Billault-Roux, Alfons Schwarzenboeck, Fabien Dezitter, Nicolas Viltard, Audrey Martini
Summary: This article presents a calibration transfer methodology that allows for the absolute calibration of a cloud radar by transferring it from another collocated instrument with known calibration. Comparable data is carefully selected to avoid disparities and a correction coefficient is derived to compensate measurement bias in the uncalibrated instrument. The methodology has been validated and the biases introduced by this method are found to be negligible. Rating: 9/10
JOURNAL OF ATMOSPHERIC AND OCEANIC TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Megan M. M. Varcie, Troy J. J. Zaremba, Robert M. M. Rauber, Greg M. M. McFarquhar, Joseph A. A. Finlon, Lynn A. A. McMurdie, Alexander Ryzhkov, Martin Schnaiter, Emma Jaervinen, Fritz Waitz, David J. J. Delene, Michael R. R. Poellot, Matthew L. Walker McLinden, Andrew Janiszeski
Summary: On February 7, 2020, two research aircraft sampled precipitation within the comma-head region of an extratropical cyclone, providing detailed observations of microphysics and radar measurements. The sampled region was divided vertically into distinct temperature layers and horizontally into stratiform and convection regions. The study found that precipitation formed near cloud top in the stratiform region and ice particle formation occurred in several layers in the convective region. The paper also presented a conceptual model of precipitation growth processes within the comma head.
JOURNAL OF THE ATMOSPHERIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Marie Mazoyer, Didier Ricard, Gwendal Riviere, Julien Delanoe, Philippe Arbogast, Benoit Vie, Christine Lac, Quitterie Cazenave, Jacques Pelon
Summary: This study investigates diabatic processes along the warm conveyor belt of a deep extratropical cyclone observed in the NAWDEX campaign, comparing the effects of two different microphysics schemes. The findings show that ICE3 scheme leads to more WCB trajectories and faster growth of upper-level ridges, with better representation of observed winds. Both schemes significantly underestimate reflectivity above the melting layer, but ICE3 performs better in this aspect.
MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW
(2021)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Zuhang Wu, Yun Zhang, Lifeng Zhang, Hepeng Zheng
Summary: In this study, a method was proposed to improve the forecasts of landfalling tropical cyclones by constraining the cloud physics with GPM satellite observations. The feasibility of this method was verified using eight well-observed LTCs in the Asia-Pacific region. It was found that this method significantly improved the structure forecast of condensed water and also showed improvements in the location and amplitude forecasts.
GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
K. Sunil Kumar, Subrata Kumar Das, Sachin M. Deshpande, Medha Deshpande, G. Pandithurai
Summary: The study examines precipitation characteristics in Tropical Cyclones (TCs) over the North Indian Ocean using GPM-DPR data. Results showed that the Eye Wall (EW) region of TCs has stronger, taller, and larger precipitation particles compared to the Inner Rain band (IR) and Outer Rain band (OR) regions. The characteristics of TCs in the Arabian Sea (AS) and the Bay of Bengal (BOB) differ. These findings have implications for cloud modeling parameterization schemes.
ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Feng Jing, Dongmei Zhou, Xiaomin Chen, Ruijuan Qu, Jianxin Tan
Summary: This study found that biochar can reduce the bioavailability of soil microelement zinc and limit its uptake by rice. Increasing application rate of biochar improves rice growth and soil electrical conductivity. Biochar can also limit the enrichment of DTPA-extracted zinc in <0.25mm soil aggregates and enhance the transformation of acid extractable zinc into reducible and oxidizable forms.
JOURNAL OF SOILS AND SEDIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Liang'an Huo, Xiaomin Chen, Laijun Zhao
Summary: In the digital age, the widespread and fast spreading of rumors has led to social panic and instability. Effective control strategies are crucial to prevent the continued spread of rumors and avoid unnecessary harm. This paper presents a stochastic rumor spreading model incorporating time delay within the framework of event-triggered impulsive control (ETIC) strategies. The stability of the model is discussed and proved, and optimal ETIC strategies are explored through numerical simulations and the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. A real case is used to validate the model, and the conclusions drawn are that the stochastic model is feasible and consistent with actual rumor propagation trends, and ETIC strategies can effectively control rumors, with different strategies needed depending on the situation of rumor spreading.
JOURNAL OF THE FRANKLIN INSTITUTE-ENGINEERING AND APPLIED MATHEMATICS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Degang Song, Xiaomin Chen, Na Zhou, Yi Yuan, Shuo Geng, Cong Zhang, Zhe Zhao, Xingran Wang, Xinran Bao, Xifa Lan, Xiangjian Zhang
Summary: This study investigated the effects of low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) on vascular dementia (VaD) and its relationship with Fndc5/irisin. The results showed that LIPUS could increase the levels of Fndc5/irisin in the hippocampus and provide neurorestorative stimulation against VaD. Therefore, targeting hippocampal Fndc5/irisin signaling may be a promising strategy for VaD treatment.
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shaoyi Lin, Tingting Hu, Kaihan Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Yunyun Zhu, Xiaomin Chen
Summary: This study aimed to confirm the pathogenicity of the LDL receptor (LDLR) c.2160delC variant in familial hypercholesterolemia (FH). Three FH patients with the LDLR c.2160delC variant were identified in this family. Experimental results showed that the LDLR c.2160delC variant led to early termination of LDLR gene transcription and prevented LDLR from reaching the cell surface and internalizing LDL, playing a pathogenic role in FH.
LIPIDS IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Xiaomin Chen, Yufeng Lu, Mengtao Ning, Xiaojie Zhou, Jian Chen
Summary: Hot tensile tests were conducted on a Mg-9.1Y-1.8Zn alloy to study its microstructural evolution and fracture damage. The results showed that the flow stress decreased with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. The formation of discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) and particle-stimulated nucleation (PSN) induced by LPSO were crucial mechanisms for deformation and fracture. The fracture mechanism changed from intergranular to transcrystalline at temperatures above 250 degrees C, while the effects of strain rate were less significant.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Lanlan Zhang, Xiaomin Chen, Xiangchai Guo, Huajuan Shen, Danying Qiu, Weiqun Jin, Dongjie Hou
Summary: This study provides a comprehensive analysis of cell death-related genes in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using multi-omics data. The results reveal the relationship between mutations in cell death-related genes and clinical variables of HCC, and the significant impact of cell death-related tumor mutational burden (TMB) on pathologic stage and prognosis. Furthermore, a cell death-related signature of HCC is constructed using prognosis-related genes, and a nomogram is developed to predict the survival probability of HCC patients.
ADVANCES IN CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yidian Sun, Wanshun Zhang, Hong Peng, Feng Zhou, Anna Jiang, Xiaomin Chen, Hao Wang
Summary: Understanding the impacts of climate change on the water cycle is crucial for integrated watershed management, especially in the face of strong climate change impacts. The study analyzed the climatic change characteristics of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area based on precipitation and temperature data. The results showed inter-annual fluctuations in precipitation and increasing trends in maximum and minimum temperatures. The hydrological processes changed significantly at different spatial scales, with the most affected area being the middle and head of the reservoir area.
Article
Neurosciences
Xiao-Min Chen, Ya Wen, Shao Chen, Xin Jin, Chen Liu, Wei Wang, Ning Kong, Dong-Ya Ling, Qin Huang, Jin-Er Chai, Xiao-Lei Zhao, Jie Li, Mao-Sheng Xu, Zhong Jiang, Hong-Gen Du
Summary: This study investigated the changes in regional homogeneity (ReHo) values and static and dynamic functional connectivity (FC) before and after Traditional Chinese Manual Therapy (Tuina) in patients with lumbar disk herniation (LDH) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (RS-fMRI). The results showed that Tuina can reshape the brain activity patterns and functional connectivity in LDH patients, which may contribute to the analgesic effect of Tuina in LDH patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiao-Min Chen, Meng -Tao Ning, Hong-Wei Hu, Yong-Cheng Lin, Xiao-Jie Zhou, Jian Zhang, Xian-Zheng Lu, Jian Chen, Yan-Xing Liu
Summary: The hot compressive behavior of GH4698 superalloy was studied in the temperature range of 950-1100 degrees C and strain rate range of 0.001-1 s-1. The results showed work hardening and dynamic recovery features at the beginning of deformation, followed by dynamic softening induced by dynamic recrystallization (DRX). An improved Zhu-Ou-Popov (ZOP) model was proposed to characterize the hot deformation behavior of the superalloy, which showed a high correlation coefficient of 0.9721. Processing maps were established based on the dynamic material model, and the microstructural evolution validated the feasibility of the maps. The maps revealed different regions with unstable, stable with low power dissipation, and stable with high power dissipation behavior, providing guidance for achieving desired performance in hot working.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2023)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Haoshu Zhong, Delong Huang, Junhao Wu, Xiaomin Chen, Yue Chen, Chunlan Huang
Summary: This study explored the utility of radiomics data derived from 18F-FDG PET/CT using multiple algorithms for prognostic prediction in multiple myeloma. The RSF and GBM algorithms significantly improved the accuracy and clinical net benefit of predicting prognosis. The combination of PET and CT with clinical parameters showed improved performance in various algorithms.
BMC MEDICAL IMAGING
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Lida Ketsbaia, Biju Issac, Xiaomin Chen, Seibu Mary Jacob
Summary: Social media has transformed global connectivity and information sharing, but it has also resulted in the widespread prevalence of cyber-hate, a worrisome issue that has gained attention from researchers. To address this problem, various solutions involving machine learning and deep learning techniques such as Naive Bayes, Logistic Regression, Convolutional Neural Networks, and Recurrent Neural Networks have been proposed. However, when dealing with sentiment-oriented data, a critical thinking perspective is needed for accurate classification, as it provides a more realistic representation of how people interpret online messages. This study conducted a literature review to explore efficient classification techniques and applied Multinomial Naive Bayes and Logistic Regression classifiers to four online hate datasets. Bio-inspired optimization techniques like Particle Swarm Optimization and Genetic Algorithms, combined with Fuzzy Logic, were utilized to optimize the classifier results and gain a deeper understanding of the text within the datasets.
Article
Biology
Guanqiong Hu, Risheng Huang, Luelue Lu, Qinshi Pan, Xiaomin Chen
Summary: This study finds that TGF-131 promotes the proliferation and migration of lung fibroblasts by upregulating the expression of RasGRP3. Vitamin D, on the other hand, antagonizes TGF-131-induced lung fibroblast activation by repressing the transcription of the RasGRP3 gene.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Shaoyi Lin, Yunyun Zhu, Tingting Hu, Kaihan Wang, Xiaomin Chen
Summary: This study elucidated the role of microRNA-219a (miR-219a) in atherosclerosis. The transfection efficacy of miR-219a mimics and inhibitor was tested in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC). The study found that miR-219a attenuated proliferative and migratory capacities in ASMC by binding to HOXA1. Overexpression of HOXA1 promoted the proliferative and migratory capacities in ASMC. Co-overexpression of miR-219a and HOXA1 abolished the inhibitory effects of miR-219a on ASMC capacities. MiR-219a is involved in the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating HOXA1.
SCIENCE OF ADVANCED MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaomin Chen, Tiange Lu, Yiqing Cai, Yang Han, Mengfei Ding, Yurou Chu, Xiangxiang Zhou, Xin Wang
Summary: The study reveals that m6A modification mediated by KIAA1429 plays a role in DLBCL progression by regulating CHST11 expression and inactivating the Hippo-YAP pathway. KIAA1429 has the potential to be a predictive biomarker and therapeutic target for DLBCL.
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Hui Wang, Xiaojun Huang, Shengkun Xia, Xiaomin Chen, Chunhua Chen, Yanli Zhang, Jianbo Xiao, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This study evaluated the functional activities of kale dietary fibers and kale flavonoids, as well as their combined use, and assessed their efficacy in alleviating colitis. The results showed that both kale dietary fibers and flavonoids alone, as well as their combination, had beneficial effects in reducing colitis symptoms. However, the combination of kale soluble dietary fiber and kale flavonoids antagonized their individual effects. Regulation of intestinal flora may be the underlying mechanism. This study provides new insights into the interaction among different food nutrients in intestinal inflammation.
