Article
Biology
Colline Brassard, Adrian Balasescu, Rose-Marie Arbogast, Vianney Forest, Celine Bemilli, Adina Boroneant, Fabien Convertini, Muriel Gandelin, Valentin Radu, Patricia A. Fleming, Claude Guintard, Tracey L. Kreplins, Cecile Callou, Andrea Filippo, Anne Tresset, Raphael Cornette, Anthony Herrel, Stephanie Brehard
Summary: Early morphological variability in dog mandibles in Europe existed before the Bronze Age, with lower intentional human selection compared to modern dogs, suggesting differences in the functional implications of ancient and modern dogs in areas such as diet, competition, or hunting.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Alvaro Avila-Diaz, David H. Bromwich, Aaron B. Wilson, Flavio Justino, Sheng-Hung Wang
Summary: This study investigates the extreme climate indices over the North American Arctic using various reanalyses, and finds that ASRv2 and ERA5 demonstrate the best performances. The results show a consistent decrease in frequency and intensity of cold extremes over the past two decades, along with an increase in daily precipitation intensity. The study also highlights the significant influence of North Atlantic Oscillation and Arctic Oscillation on extreme climate indices in the Arctic region.
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marcel Lucas-Sanchez, Jose M. Serradell, David Comas
Summary: Genomic data from North Africa indicate a complex demographic scenario with a gradual dilution of ancient autochthonous genetic components due to historical population movements. The comparison of ancient and modern genomes demonstrates genetic continuity in the region since Epipaleolithic times. Recent historical movements, such as Arabization, have further shaped the genetic landscape in North Africa.
HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Meg Critcher, Mia L. Huang
Summary: Proteoglycans play a crucial role in cell biology and their core protein and glycosaminoglycan chains contribute to their functions and interactions. New methods in chemical glycobiology are being used to uncover the fine-scale architecture of proteoglycans and provide insights into their functions. By producing chemically defined materials and capturing interacting proteins, we can better understand the structural heterogeneity of proteoglycans.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biology
K. Ann Horsburgh, Devri B. Beckett, Anna L. Gosling
Summary: This study investigates the genetic diversity of southern African sheep and reveals limited genetic diversity among them. Modern southern African sheep show close relationships with archaeological sheep, implying an ancestor-descendant relationship. Even the sheep that do not show a close relationship with archaeological sheep cluster closely together, indicating their descent from indigenous sheep rather than historic introductions of exotic breeds.
Article
Plant Sciences
Marino Palasciano, Diana L. Zuluaga, Domenico Cerbino, Emanuela Blanco, Gaetano Aufiero, Nunzio D'Agostino, Gabriella Sonnante
Summary: This study evaluated the population structure, genetic relationships, and cases of duplicate samples in a collection of 143 sweet cherry accessions. The results revealed four main genetic groups, including American varieties, the 'Germersdorfer-Ferrovia' cluster, the 'Burlat' group, and the group of Italian landraces. The findings provide valuable insights for conservation strategies and future breeding programs.
Article
Anatomy & Morphology
Jeffrey J. Schoenebeck, Sheila Hamilton-Dyer, Ian L. Baxter, Tobias Schwarz, Marc Nussbaumer
Summary: By analyzing the morphology of the Warmington Roman dog, its size, shape, and potential breeding purposes were revealed, shedding light on Roman life in one of the farthest outposts of the Roman Empire.
ANATOMICAL RECORD-ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE ANATOMY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Lauren A. Young, Peter Jeffrey Maughan, David E. Jarvis, Spencer P. Hunt, Heather C. Warner, Kristin K. Durrant, Tyler Kohlert, Ramiro N. Curti, Daniel Bertero, Gabrielle A. Filippi, Tereza Pospisilikova, Karol Krak, Bohumil Mandak, Eric N. Jellen
Summary: Quinoa, a pseudocereal from the Andes, became popular globally in the early 2000s due to its high protein quality, low glycemic index, and rich fiber, vitamin, and mineral contents. Its North American counterpart, pitseed goosefoot, grows in various disturbed and sandy habitats across North America. Apart from these two species, there are approximately 35 diploid varieties adapted to diverse environments in pitseed goosefoot's range. Phylogenetic analysis reveals the close relationship between these North American diploids and the American tetraploid goosefoot complex.
Article
Ecology
Kaarina Weckstrom, Jan Weckstrom, Juliane Wischnewski, Thomas A. Davidson, Torben L. Lauridsen, Frank Landkildehus, Kirsten S. Christoffersen, Erik Jeppesen
Summary: With the help of paleolimnology, the relationship between diatoms and environmental drivers in the Arctic lakes and ponds of Greenland was explored. The study found that climate and lake ontogeny were the main factors determining diatom communities. The species diversity declined towards the North, and diatoms were proven to be an excellent proxy for climate-mediated lake ecosystem change in the Arctic.
FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Jian Wang, Ian G. Main
Summary: We reassessed the historical archives of earthquakes in eastern China and identified candidate zones of current seismicity that may represent long-term memory of past historical events.
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Nan Zhang, Yawen Ge, Yuecong Li, Bing Li, Ruchun Zhang, Zhen Zhang, Baoshuo Fan, Wensheng Zhang, Guoqiang Ding
Summary: The study evaluated the pollen-vegetation relationships in the Taihang Mountains of North China, finding that the pollen spectra reliably reflect the vegetation landscape of different altitudinal zones. The estimated RSAP in the Taihang Mountains is approximately 600 meters, with the RPPs of dominant plant taxa ordered as Pinus > Hippophae > Caryophyllaceae > Betula > Quercus > Rhododendron > Artemisia > Asteraceae > Cyperaceae when using Poaceae as a reference taxon (RPP = 1). These results highlight the importance and complexity of RPP estimates in the Taihang Mountains, providing valuable implications for improving the accuracy of land-cover change reconstructions in the North China Plain.
ECOLOGICAL INDICATORS
(2021)
Article
Surgery
Sydney R. Horen, Shahina Gantiwala, Alireza Hamidian Jahromi, Petros Konofaos
Summary: Documented evidence of facial nerve paralysis (FNP) and its treatment has been found in ancient civilizations, laying the foundation for modern management options. Current management of FNP includes pharmacologic therapy, facial physical therapy, neuromuscular training, and surgical facial reanimation interventions. This review discusses the historical evidence and treatments of FNP leading up to current techniques and practices.
ANNALS OF PLASTIC SURGERY
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Nicholas P. Howard, Eric van de Weg, James J. Luby
Summary: This study describes two tests for resolving unordered parent-offspring relationships in pedigree reconstruction studies. These tests can determine the order of these relationships and provide valuable insights for future research.
HORTICULTURE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Forestry
W. De Jong, A. Flores Urushima, B. Jacquet, T. Takahashi
Summary: The article discusses the Kitayama sugi economic-socio-cultural-ecological complex in the region north of Kyoto and explores how it has changed over time and how it can be dealt with in advanced societies.
INTERNATIONAL FORESTRY REVIEW
(2022)
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Eymen Demir, Taki Karsli, Murat Soner Balcioglu
Summary: Native Turkish cattle breeds possess significant genetic diversity, but their population sizes have been decreasing since 1991 and they are being crossed with exotic breeds, leading to genetic erosion. It is believed that this crossbreeding is detrimental to the genetic diversity of native Turkish cattle breeds, and the declining population sizes will have negative impacts on genetic diversity in the future. Separating local cattle herds from exotic ones, with financial support from the government, may help prevent genetic erosion and allow local herds to thrive in naturally adapted regions.
TURKISH JOURNAL OF VETERINARY & ANIMAL SCIENCES
(2021)