Journal
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 86, Issue -, Pages 65-71Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.mcn.2017.11.014
Keywords
Doxorubicin; Chemotherapy; Brain aging; Peroxisomes
Categories
Funding
- University of Texas, McGovern Medical School at Houston, the Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy
- Integrated Microscopy Core at Baylor College of Medicine
- National Institutes of Health [HD007495, DK56338, CA109298, CA125123, 1R01NR014195]
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center
- John S. Dunn Gulf Coast Consortium for Chemical Genomics
- Blanton-Davis Ovarian Cancer Research Program
- Frank McGraw Memorial Chair in Cancer Research
- American Cancer Society Research Professor Award
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Doxorubicin, a commonly used anti-neoplastic agent, causes severe neurotoxicity. Doxorubicin promotes thinning of the brain cortex and accelerates brain aging, leading to cognitive impairment. Oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin contributes to cellular damage. In addition to mitochondria, peroxisomes also generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and promote cell senescence. Here, we investigated if doxorubicin affects peroxisomal homeostasis in neurons. We demonstrate that the number of peroxisomes is increased in doxorubicin-treated neurons and in the brains of mice which underwent doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. Pexophagy, the specific autophagy of peroxisomes, is downregulated in neurons, and peroxisomes produce more ROS. 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP beta CD), an activator of the transcription factor TFEB, which regulates expression of genes involved in autophagy and lysosome function, mitigates damage of pexophagy and decreases ROS production induced by doxorubicin. We conclude that peroxisome-associated oxidative stress induced by doxorubicin may contribute to neurotoxicity, cognitive dysfunction, and accelerated brain aging in cancer patients and survivors. Peroxisomes might be a valuable new target for mitigating neuronal damage caused by chemotherapy drugs and for slowing down brain aging in general.
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