Preparation of hierarchically porous sulfur- and oxygen-co-doped carbon for gas uptake and lithium-ion battery

Heteroatom-doped porous carbons have attracted great concern owing to their enhanced physicochemical property. In this study, a hierarchically porous sulfur- and oxygen-co-doped carbon (PSOC) is obtained through direct carbon dioxide activation of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) with abundant sulfur and oxygen atoms in the polymer backbone. Both sulfur and oxygen heteroatoms are introduced into carbon matrix through a rational preparation approach. The morphology, microstructure, and chemical property of the as-prepared PSOC have been analyzed by using various characterization methods, including scanning/transmission electron microscopy, nitrogen sorption test, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. PSOC displays a high specific surface area (1160 m(2) g(-1)) and hierarchically porous structure (micropores, mesopores, and macropores). Owing to its excellent surface property and porosity parameters, PSOC exhibits a good gas adsorption capacity (carbon dioxide: 16.6 wt %; methane: 2.7 wt %) at 273 K under 1.0 bar when used as a gas sorbent. In addition, PSOC as an anode material shows a high reversible capacity of 931 mA h g(-1) at 100 mA g(-1) and excellent cycling performance (504 mA h g(-1) at 200 mA g(-1) after 200 cycles). As a result, the as-prepared PSOC demonstrates a promising potential in the fields of gas adsorption and energy storage.