Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Lin Yu, Qichang Mei, Liangliang Xiang, Wei Liu, Nur Ikhwan Mohamad, Biro Istvan, Justin Fernandez, Yaodong Gu
Summary: This study investigated the variances of GRFs in rearfoot striking runners across incremental speeds, finding differences between male and female runners in braking and propulsive forces, as well as timing of propulsion. The results may have implications for preventing sex-specific running-related injuries.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Kathryn A. Farina, Michael E. Hahn
Summary: Excessive movements or inadequate timing in movement patterns during running can lead to running-related injuries. Increasing step rate has been found to decrease peak rearfoot and lower leg rotation, which may be beneficial for the rehabilitation of some running-related injuries.
Article
Sport Sciences
Dongmei Wang, Shangxiao Li, Qipeng Song, Dewei Mao, Weiya Hao
Summary: This study proposed a simple method using factor loading to select input variables and applied them to a wavelet neural network model for predicting vertical ground reaction force (vGRF). Kinematic data and vGRF were collected from 9 rearfoot strikers at different speeds, and 9 kinematic variables were selected based on factor loading analysis. The results showed that the predictions of vGRF using this method were effective and accurate, with high correlation coefficients and low errors.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Aaron Uthoff, James Zois, Roland van den Tillaar, Ryu Nagahara
Summary: The study found that BR speeds were 29% slower than FR, and most step kinematics and kinetics were different between BR and FR. The slower running speeds in BR were primarily due to lower horizontal ground reaction force application, resulting in shorter stride lengths and decreased flight times compared to FR.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Leora A. Cramer, Markus A. Wimmer, Philip Malloy, Joan A. O'Keefe, Christopher B. Knowlton, Christopher Ferrigno
Summary: This study evaluated the validity and reliability of Insole3 as an alternative to force plates for measuring vertical ground reaction force (vGRF). The results showed that Insole3 had excellent agreement with force plates during walking and running in healthy adults, indicating its potential as a portable and reliable tool for vGRF assessment outside of specialized laboratories.
Article
Sport Sciences
Robin Trama, Yoann Blache, Frederique Hintzy, Jeremy Rossi, Guillaume Y. Millet, Christophe Hautier
Summary: The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of mountain ultramarathons on foot-ground impact and soft tissue vibrations. The results showed that only the soft tissue vibrations of the vastus lateralis muscle were affected after mountain trail running races, regardless of the running distance.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Physiology
Aurelien Patoz, Thibault Lussiana, Bastiaan Breine, Eliott Piguet, Jonathan Gyuriga, Cyrille Gindre, Davide Malatesta
Summary: This study investigates the impact of duty factor and step frequency on running patterns. The results show that lower duty factor and higher step frequency lead to a reliance on the optimization of the spring-mass model, while higher duty factor and lower step frequency promote forward propulsion.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Lucas Veras, Florencio Diniz-Sousa, Giorjines Boppre, Ana Resende-Coelho, Edgar Moutinho-Ribeiro, Vitor Devezas, Hugo Santos-Sousa, John Preto, Joao Paulo Vilas-Boas, Leandro Machado, Jose Oliveira, Helder Fonseca
Summary: This study developed accelerometry-based equations to predict pGRF and pLR during walking and running, and compared the predicted values with actual values, demonstrating high accuracy of these equations.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF SPORT SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biophysics
Allison H. Gruber
Summary: Some of the earliest biomechanics research focused on running and the ground reaction forces generated with each step. Research in running gait accelerated in the 1970s as the growing popularity in running increased attention to the musculoskeletal injuries sustained by runners. Despite decades of high-quality research, running remains the most common cause of exercise-related musculoskeletal injuries and rates of overuse running-related injuries (RRI) have not appreciably declined since the research began.
JOURNAL OF BIOMECHANICS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Anderson Souza Oliveira, Cristina Ioana Pirscoveanu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of different sample sizes and number of steps on data variability and statistical outcomes in running biomechanical variables. Results showed that some variables exhibited significant differences with a smaller sample size and number of steps, while others required more data to draw conclusions.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Toshiki Kobayashi, Mark W. P. Koh, Mingyu Hu, Hiroto Murata, Genki Hisano, Daisuke Ichimura, Hiroaki Hobara
Summary: Increasing step frequency can help reduce GRFs in individuals with unilateral transfemoral amputation, but it may also lead to increased gait asymmetry.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENGINEERING AND REHABILITATION
(2022)
Article
Sport Sciences
Jae Kim, Simon C. C. McSweeney, Karsten Hollander, Thomas Horstman, Scott C. C. Wearing
Summary: Footwear may moderate the asymmetry in lower limb loading during peak growth in adolescence. This study compared the effects of barefoot and shod running on vertical ground reaction force and loading rates in adolescents. The use of conventional running shoes resulted in lower loading rates but higher asymmetry compared to running barefoot or wearing partial-minimal shoes. These findings have implications for performance, musculoskeletal development, and injury in adolescents.
JOURNAL OF SPORTS SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Sihyun Ryu, Young-Seong Lee, Sang-Kyoon Park
Summary: This study compared the differences in acceleration during running depending on the positions of the accelerometer attachment to the tibia and found that acceleration at the distal tibia was greater and had a greater effect on predicting peak ground reaction force and loading rate. These findings suggest that carefully selecting the position of the accelerometer at the distal tibia would provide a better estimation of the measurement of impact during running.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRECISION ENGINEERING AND MANUFACTURING
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Hilary Mary Clayton, Sarah Jane Hobbs
Summary: This study measured ground reaction forces (GRFs) in horses performing the piaffe and found that hind limbs bear more weight in the movement, although peak vertical GRF is higher in the fore limbs. The variability of horizontal GRF components between steps is thought to reflect the challenge of balancing on one diagonal pair of limbs during the piaffe.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Anderson Souza Oliveira, Cristina-Ioana Pirscoveanu, John Rasmussen
Summary: From the point of view of measurement, footstep sounds provide a simple and inexpensive way to assess running biomechanical parameters. This study demonstrates the feasibility of using the sounds of footsteps combined with machine learning algorithms to predict the ground reaction force curves. The results show high accuracy in predicting the ground reaction force profiles, which is important for injury prevention and performance optimization for runners.