Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Ahmed Hassoon, Yasmin Baig, Daniel Q. Naiman, David D. Celentano, Dina Lansey, Vered Stearns, Josef Coresh, Jennifer Schrack, Seth S. Martin, Hsin-Chieh Yeh, Hadas Zeilberger, Lawrence J. Appel
Summary: The study found that AI coaching interventions, especially voice-assisted coaching through smart speakers, have the potential to increase physical activity in sedentary cancer survivors in a scalable and personalized manner. Further research is needed to replicate these findings in a larger population of cancer survivors and to explore the effects of these interventions in the general population.
NPJ DIGITAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Magdalena Dettlaff-Dunowska, Michal Brzezinski, Agnieszka Zagierska, Anna Borkowska, Maciej Zagierski, Agnieszka Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
Summary: The problem of overweight and obesity is increasing in the population and is associated with metabolic disorders and increased risk of death. This study assessed the changes in body composition and physical fitness in children participating in a weight-loss program and found a possible relationship between changes in body composition and improvements in fitness. Both BIA and DXA methods were equally useful for measuring body composition.
Article
Critical Care Medicine
Kimihiko Murase, Takuma Minami, Satoshi Hamada, David Gozal, Naomi Takahashi, Yoshinari Nakatsuka, Hirofumi Takeyama, Kiminobu Tanizawa, Daisuke Endo, Toshiki Akahoshi, Yasutaka Moritsuchi, Toru Tsuda, Yoshiro Toyama, Motoharu Ohi, Yasuhiro Tomita, Koji Narui, Naho Matsuyama, Tetsuro Ohdaira, Takatoshi Kasai, Tomomasa Tsuboi, Yasuhiro Gon, Yoshihiro Yamashiro, Shinichi Ando, Hiroyuki Yoshimine, Yoshifumi Takata, Akiomi Yoshihisa, Koichiro Tatsumi, Shin-ichi Momomura, Tomohiro Kuroda, Satoshi Morita, Takeo Nakayama, Toyohiro Hirai, Kazuo Chin
Summary: This study investigated the impact of expanding the scope of remote monitoring to include body weight, blood pressure, and physical activity on weight reduction in OSA patients receiving CPAP therapy. The results showed that multimodal telemonitoring enhanced weight reduction efforts, especially in promoting step counts.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Elena Gangitano, Noelia Martinez-Sanchez, Maria Irene Bellini, Irene Urciuoli, Stefania Monterisi, Stefania Mariani, David Ray, Lucio Gnessi
Summary: Sleep is important for survival, but the time dedicated to sleep has been reduced in industrialized countries. This reduction may contribute to the increase in obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Conversely, obesity is associated with sleep disorders. Understanding the physiological and molecular pathways involved in sleep regulation and metabolic homeostasis could improve metabolic health. Strategies aimed at weight loss may benefit both cardiometabolic risk and sleep quality.
Review
Health Care Sciences & Services
Olivia Patsalos, Johanna Keeler, Ulrike Schmidt, Brenda W. J. H. Penninx, Allan H. Young, Hubertus Himmerich
Summary: This systematic review found that calorie-restricted diets can reduce depressive symptoms in obese patients, with effect sizes ranging from approximately 0.2 to 0.6. However, the effects of dietary supplements on depression were less clear.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Bing Cao, Jiatong Xu, Ruonan Li, Kayla M. Teopiz, Roger S. McIntyre, Hong Chen
Summary: This study is the first attempt to comprehensively synthesize the literature on the effectiveness of interventions targeting obesity and depression comorbidity. The results show that the current research is insufficient to support evidence-based treatments. However, cognitive-behavioral therapy combined with lifestyle intervention, as well as some nutritional supplements, antidepressants, and anti-diabetic agents, show efficacy in targeting obesity and comorbid depression.
JOURNAL OF AFFECTIVE DISORDERS
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sasha Fenton, Tracy L. Burrows, Clare E. Collins, Anna T. Rayward, Beatrice Murawski, Mitch J. Duncan
Summary: This three-arm randomised controlled trial found that a multi-component weight loss intervention could effectively reduce total energy and sodium intake and increase fruit intake in adults at six months. However, at twelve months, the enhanced intervention group showed significant improvements in dietary intake compared to the traditional group.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Mousa Khalafi, Michael E. Symonds, Amir Akbari
Summary: The study compared the effects of exercise training (EX), caloric restriction (CR), and a combination of both on inflammatory markers in overweight and obese individuals. The results indicate that a combination of exercise and caloric restriction may be more effective at reducing inflammatory markers compared to caloric restriction alone in this population.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kate Sutherland, Julia L. Chapman, Elizabeth A. Cayanan, Aimee B. Lowth, Camilla M. Hoyos, Keith K. H. Wong, Brendon J. Yee, Ronald R. Grunstein, Peter A. Cistulli, Nathaniel S. Marshall
Summary: The study aimed to examine whether facial measurements could explain changes in OSA beyond weight loss and whether facial morphology related to the effectiveness of weight loss in improving OSA. The results showed that weight loss was moderately predictive of OSA improvement, and an increased maxilla-mandible relationship angle was weakly predictive of OSA response to weight loss, explaining a small percentage of the variance in AHI. The relationship between weight change and AHI was not affected by facial morphology.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Rhiannon Berry, Aikaterini Kassavou, Stephen Sutton
Summary: Digital self-monitoring of diet and physical activity is effective at supporting weight loss in adults with obesity or overweight, with tailored interventions showing significantly more effectiveness than nontailored interventions. Future studies should further explore the effectiveness of interventions to support weight loss.
Article
Psychology, Clinical
Meghan L. Butryn, Kathryn M. Godfrey, Christine C. Call, Evan M. Forman, Fengqing Zhang, Stella L. Volpe
Summary: The study found that interventions with an intensive focus on exercise in behavioral weight loss programs did not significantly increase participants' levels of physical activity or lead to greater long-term weight loss. However, participants engaging in relatively higher levels of physical activity did have better long-term weight loss outcomes. Further clinical innovations are needed to help participants in BWL programs adopt and maintain recommended amounts of physical activity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Spyridon Tsirigkakis, George Mastorakos, Yiannis Koutedakis, Vassilis Mougios, Alan M. Nevill, Zoe Pafili, Gregory C. Bogdanis
Summary: A study comparing two high-intensity interval training protocols on obese men showed similar effects in improving regional body composition and fat oxidation. Both training programs effectively reduced trunk fat and increased leg lean mass, while enhancing fat oxidation during exercise. HIIT also resulted in improved peak fat oxidation, VO2peak, and decreased blood lactate levels at submaximal intensities.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Simone Perna, Zahra Ilyas, Attilio Giacosa, Clara Gasparri, Gabriella Peroni, Milena Anna Faliva, Chiara Rigon, Maurizio Naso, Antonella Riva, Giovanna Petrangolini, Ali A. Redha, Mariangela Rondanelli
Summary: This meta-analysis study found that probiotic supplementation can significantly reduce BMI, waist circumference, and hip circumference in overweight and obese patients, but the effect on body weight is not significant. Although there is a positive trend, further research is needed before recommending probiotics as a therapeutic strategy for these patients.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Roosa Lintuaho, Mikhail Saltychev, Jaana Pentti, Jussi Vahtera, Sari Stenholm
Summary: This study examined the concurrent changes in physical activity and physical functioning during retirement transition among public sector employees. Four trajectories of concurrent changes were identified, with different patterns of physical activity and physical functioning. Single, women, obese participants, and risk-users of alcohol were more likely to belong to the group with low physical activity and declining physical functioning.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Scott Hagan, Karin Nelson
Summary: There is significant controversy surrounding the clinical benefits and risks of weight loss interventions for individuals with obesity. Traditional weight-centric approaches may increase weight stigma and cycling without sufficient evidence to support their purported clinical benefits. However, metabolic surgery and pharmacotherapy show clear benefits in certain cases.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Simone T. Camargo Silva, Patricia Duarte Freitas, Adriana Claudia Lunardi, Rafaella Fagundes Xavier, Renata Cleia C. Barbosa, Rafael Stelmach, Celso R. F. Carvalho
Summary: This study identified two clusters of subjects with asthma based on illness perception, with Cluster 1 showing worse perception in several domains compared to Cluster 2. Cluster 1 had more negative consequences of the disease, worse understanding, and higher emotional representation. Subjects in Cluster 1 also exhibited more severe asthma symptoms, poor clinical control, worse health-related quality of life, and more symptoms of anxiety and depression. No differences were found between clusters in terms of physical activity in daily life or self-efficacy.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Juliana Ruiz Fernandes, Thalyta Nery Carvalho Pinto, Lia Barbara Arruda, Cibele Cristine Berto Marques da Silva, Celso Ricardo Fernandes de Carvalho, Regina Maria Carvalho Pinto, Alberto Jose da Silva Duarte, Gil Benard
Summary: COPD patients exhibit abnormal immune response, while smoking has dual effects on immune response. Our study compared the phenotypes of T-cell subsets in COPD patients, smokers, and healthy individuals, and found significant alterations in COPD patients, while smokers were closer to healthy aged individuals.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho, Rodrigo Caruso Chate, Marcio Valente Yamada Sawamura, Michelle Louvaes Garcia, Celina Almeida Lamas, Diego Armando Cardona Cardenas, Daniel Mario Lima, Paula Gobi Scudeller, Joao Marcos Salge, Cesar Higa Nomura, Marco Antonio Gutierrez
Summary: A predictive clinical model based on CXR, mMRC, oximetry, and spirometry data has been proposed to accurately screen patients with lung lesions after SARS-CoV-2 infection. The model is simple, accessible, and low-cost, making it suitable for early detection of COVID-19 sequelae.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Sara Silva, Marie-Aude Genain, Sam Khan, Jessica-Robyn Gauton, Paul Freeman
Summary: This study compared the spinal cord-to-vertebral canal area ratios measured in CT between the cervical and thoracolumbar regions in French Bulldogs. The results showed a significant difference in the mean ratio between C5 and L1, with a lower ratio in the thoracolumbar region, suggesting a relatively larger vertebral canal in this region.
JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Natalia Febrini Passos, Patricia D. Freitas, Regina Maria Carvalho-Pinto, Alberto Cukier, Celso R. F. Carvalho
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of a behavioral intervention to increase physical activity on sleep quality in adults with asthma. The results showed that the intervention group had increased physical activity levels, improved sleep quality and asthma symptoms, and reduced anxiety symptoms.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Carlos Roberto Ribeiro Carvalho, Celina Almeida Lamas, Rodrigo Caruso Chate, Joao Marcos Salge, Marcio Valente Yamada Sawamura, Andre L. P. de Albuquerque, Carlos Toufen Jr, Daniel Mario Lima, Michelle Louvaes Garcia, Paula Gobi Scudeller, Cesar Higa Nomura, Marco Antonio Gutierrez, Bruno Guedes Baldi
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the long-term consequences of COVID-19 on the respiratory system of patients discharged from the hospital ICU and identify risk factors associated with chest CT lesion severity. The results showed that COVID-19 CT lesions were found in 81.8% of patients, and half of them exhibited mild restrictive lung impairment and impaired lung diffusion capacity. Male sex, ICU and invasive mechanic ventilation period, tracheostomy, and vasoactive drug need during hospitalization were identified as predictors of CT lesion severity.
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Fabiano Francisco de Lima, Adriana Claudia Lunardi, David Halen Araujo Pinheiro, Regina Maria Carvalho-Pinto, Rafael Stelmach, Pedro Giavina-Bianchi, Rosana Camara Agondi, Celso R. F. Carvalho
Summary: This study aims to identify the characteristics of adult responders and nonresponders with asthma to a behavioral intervention to increase physical activity and evaluate the functional and clinical benefits in the medium term.
JMIR RESEARCH PROTOCOLS
(2023)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Regina Maria de Carvalho-Pinto, Jose Eduardo Delfini Cancado, Lilian Serrasqueiro Ballini Caetano, Adelmir Souza Machado, Daniela Cavalet Blanco, Guilherme Freire Garcia, Ricardo Gassmann Figueiredo, Thiago Prudente Bartholo
REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA
(2023)
Article
Respiratory System
Tiago C. Endrigue, Adriana C. Lunardi, Patricia D. Freitas, Ronaldo A. Silva, Felipe A. R. Mendes, Andrezza Franca-Pinto, Regina M. Carvalho-Pinto, Celso R. F. Carvalho
Summary: This study aimed to determine the characteristics of individuals with asthma who respond well to aerobic training. Participants were categorized into better and worse responders based on their improvement in peak VO2 after training. The better responder group was found to be older, female, with higher BMI and higher cardiac reserve at baseline. They also had worse clinical control, quality of life, and lower physical capacity at baseline. After training, worse responders showed less improvement in peak VO2 and worse asthma control compared to better responders.
JORNAL BRASILEIRO DE PNEUMOLOGIA
(2023)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
E. Lopes, F. Folchini, T. Ishizaki, S. Tanni, E. Ferreira, J. M. Salge, W. Yamaguti, A. Albuquerque, E. Lopes
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Respiratory System
A. Albuquerque, F. Folchini, E. Bandini, T. Ishizaki, S. Tanni, E. Campos, J. M. Salge
EUROPEAN RESPIRATORY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Erika Christina Gouveia e Silva, Ana Carolina Basso Schmitt, Caroline Gil de Godoy, Amislaine Cristina Gambeta, Celso Ricardo Fernandes de Carvalho, Carolina Fu, Clarice Tanaka, Carlos Toufen Junior, Carlos Roberto Ribeiro de Carvalho, Jose Eduardo Pompeu
Summary: Decreased ambulation capacity, age, length of ICU stay, immunosuppression, and mechanical ventilation were associated with a high risk of in-hospital death due to COVID-19.
