Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jian Chen, Xingyu Liao, Jingguo Shu, Libo Zhou, Cong Li, Yanjie Ren, Yan Niu
Summary: The study systematically investigated the SLM of Ti-15Mo alloy, particularly focusing on densification, microstructure, and mechanical properties. The samples processed by SLM exhibit a greater combination of high tensile strength and elongation due to the retention of omega phase, high dislocation density, finer grains, twinning-induced plasticity, and changes in texture orientation.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Jincheng Wang, Yujing Liu, Chirag Dhirajlal Rabadia, Shun-Xing Liang, Timothy Barry Sercombe, Lai-Chang Zhang
Summary: This study investigates the microstructure and mechanical properties of a SLM-produced Ti-35Nb composite using elemental powder, revealing the benefits of solid-solution treatment in enhancing chemical homogeneity and bonding strength. Analyses of tensile fractures and shear bands confirm the correlation between different phases and the ductility of Ti-35Nb.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Ai-hua Yu, Wei Xu, Xin Lu, Maryam Tamaddon, Bo-wen Liu, Shi-wei Tian, Ce Zhang, Muhammad Arif Mughal, Jia-zhen Zhang, Chao-zong Liu
Summary: To improve the treatment effect of bone defect repair, researchers designed and fabricated titanium scaffolds with graded structures. Among them, scaffold P4 exhibited lower maximum von Mises stress, higher strength, a more matched elastic modulus to cortical bone, and permeability within the range of human bone. Therefore, scaffold P4 is a promising candidate for bone defect reconstructions.
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qimin Shi, Shoufeng Yang, Yi Sun, Yifei Gu, Ben Mercelis, Shengping Zhong, Bart Van Meerbeek, Constantinus Politis
Summary: This work compares the microstructure, mechanical properties, and wear performance of two Ti-Mo biomaterials prepared by Selective Laser Melting (SLM) with different synthesis mechanisms. The in-situ Ti-7.5Mo-2.4TiC composites show improved mechanical strength and wear resistance compared to Ti-7.5Mo alloys, despite having a higher elastic modulus.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Libo Zhou, Jinshan Sun, Xisheng Bi, Jian Chen, Wei Chen, Yanjie Ren, Yan Niu, Cong Li, Wei Qiu, Tiechui Yuan
Summary: The phase composition, dislocation density and crystallographic texture of Ti-15Mo alloys fabricated by selective laser melting with different scanning strategies were systematically investigated. The formation of the weak alpha' phase was observed in all samples, regardless of the scanning strategies used. Different scanning strategies resulted in changes in the texture orientation of the alloy. The rotation between layers led to the fragmentation of columnar grains into finer grains. The tensile strength of the samples varied with scanning strategy and grain size.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Ye Yuan, Yufeng Zhang, Yang Qiao, Jing Xie, Qingfeng Xu, Yuanshen Qi, Wangfeng Zhang, Pengwan Chen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of build orientation on the microstructure and macroscopic response of SLM Ti-6Al-4V alloy under varying strain rates. Compression tests at different rates were conducted on specimens with different build orientations. The results show that the yield strength and strain-hardening rate are influenced by both build orientation and strain rate. Fractographic examination reveals the coexistence of ductile and brittle fractures, with noticeable differences in fracture morphology for dynamically loaded specimens.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Hongjie Bai, Hao Deng, Longqing Chen, Xianbo Liu, Xiaorong Qin, Dingguo Zhang, Tong Liu, Xudong Cui
Summary: This study aimed to tailor the microstructure and improve the mechanical properties of titanium alloys fabricated through additive manufacturing by manipulating the post-process heat treatment. Results showed that heat treatment effectively tackled the non-equilibrium microstructure issue and significantly enhanced the strength and toughness of the alloys.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Abdulaziz Kurdi, A. K. Basak
Summary: The mechanical properties and deformation behaviour of SLMed Ti6Al4V alloy are influenced by the microstructure and loading direction, resulting in anisotropy. The alloy exhibits higher yield and ultimate compressive strength compared to mill-annealed alloy.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
X. P. Ren, H. Q. Li, H. Guo, F. L. Shen, C. X. Qin, E. T. Zhao, X. Y. Fang
Summary: The study provides a comprehensive benchmark comparison on the microstructure, mechanical properties, and underlying mechanisms of Ti-6Al-4V alloys processed through selective laser melting (SLM), electron beam melting (EBM), and millannealing. Different processing methods result in distinct microstructures and material properties, with potential for improving ductility in SLMed samples and enhancing strength in EBMed samples through post-annealing and process optimization.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Lei Huang, Shunli Zheng, Yue Qin, Jianyang Han, Yanxin Qiao, Jian Chen
Summary: The corrosion behavior of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy prepared using selective laser melting (SLM) in a 0.1 mol/L NaOH solution was studied and compared with a commercially forged Ti-6Al-4V alloy. The commercially forged alloy showed higher corrosion resistance, which can be attributed to the presence of more active spots on the alloy surface and more defects in the passive films.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yifeng Xiong, Faming Zhang, Ting Dai, Caiyun Shang, Qifa Wan
Summary: In this study, the microstructure and mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4 V alloy fabricated by SLM were investigated. It was found that high-speed laser scanning during solidification led to the formation of beta columnar grain and multistage acicular alpha phase. Higher energy density also resulted in increased size of these structures. Different crystallization types were observed in the molten pool due to varying temperature gradients and heat flow directions. Grain size and densification degree, influenced by energy density, had a significant impact on mechanical properties. The anisotropy of tensile characteristics was determined by the geometry of the molten pool boundary and growth direction of the microstructure. The optimal energy density of 74.07 J/mm3 resulted in the highest tensile strength and strain.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ming-Wei Wu, Kai Ni, Yang Lei, Xin-Xing Xiong, Yi-Ting Chuang, Quiao-En Lin, Pei Wang, Parthiban Ramasamy, Juergen Eckert
Summary: Selective laser melting (SLM) was utilized to produce CuZrAl metallic glass (MG) scaffolds with combined lattice structures of body-centered cubic and face-centered cubic (F2BCC), and the effects of lattice structures on mechanical behavior were investigated. The results revealed that curved struts remarkably enhanced compressive ductility by 122% and energy absorption by 106%. The presence of curved struts effectively prevented catastrophic shear fracture and delayed fracture occurrence due to the release of strain concentrations. This study demonstrates the potential of improving the ductility and toughness of SLM MG components through appropriate lattice structure design.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Unai Segurajauregi, Adrian Alvarez-Vazquez, Miguel Muniz-Calvente, Iker Urresti, Haydee Naveiras
Summary: This study investigates the impact of manufacturing speed and porosity on the fatigue behavior of a Ti-6Al-4V alloy, finding that the influence of laser velocity on fatigue performance is minor. Additionally, other factors such as roughness or surface defects from manufacturing conditions are identified as significant contributors to crack initiation and premature fatigue failure.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Hao Deng, Sheng Cao, James C. Williams, Longqing Chen, Wenbin Qiu, Lvjun Zhou, Jun Tang
Summary: This study investigated the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of a near beta alloy Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr-1Zr fabricated by additive manufacturing. It found that a graded hierarchical microstructure was formed in-situ from an alpha+beta lamellar microstructure at the specimen bottom to an alpha p+alpha s bi-lamellar microstructure at the specimen top, which resulted in a hardening effect attributed to the precipitation of fine secondary alpha.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Arseniy Repnin, Evgenii Borisov, Anton Emelianov, Anatoliy Popovich
Summary: This study investigates the fracture toughness of multi-material Ti6Al4V/Cp-Ti specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion. The results confirm the possibility of locally increasing fracture toughness through the creation of a multi-material structure.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Agnieszka Chmielewska, Ahmadreza Jahadakbar, Bartlomiej Wysocki, Mohammad Elahinia, Wojciech Swieszkowski, David Dean
Summary: Nickel-titanium (NiTi) alloys are promising for biomedical applications due to their unique properties, but machining bulk components is challenging. Powder bed fusion (PBF) additive manufacturing is used to fabricate NiTi medical devices, but leaves unmelted particles on external surfaces. Chemical polishing with HF/HNO3 solution can remove these particles, improving accuracy and mechanical stability for 3D printed NiTi devices.
3D PRINTING AND ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Bahaa Shaqour, Zaneta Gorecka, Agnieszka Chmielewska, Bartlomiej Wysocki, Marcin Heljak, Maarten Gernaey, Bart Verleije, Koen Beyers, Chris Vervaet, Emilia Choinska, Wojciech Swiezkowski, Paul Cos
Summary: This study proposes a method for designing and manufacturing a nozzle that can be fitted onto a 3D printer, enabling the production of scaffolds with hollow fibers. Numerical simulations and experimental analyses were conducted to study the melt flow behavior within the nozzle. This approach can be used to produce scaffolds that best suit the intended application.
ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Rafal Maksymilian Molak, Bartosz Moronczyk, Ewa Ura-Binczyk, Zbigniew Pakiela, Wojciech Zorawski, Krzysztof Jan Kurzydlowski, Seiji Kuroda
Summary: Aluminium (Al) and titanium (Ti) coatings were applied on AZ91E magnesium alloy using a low-pressure warm spray method with different nitrogen flow rates (NFR). The effects of NFR on coating microstructure and physical properties were systematically studied. The results showed that decreasing NFR resulted in denser and more compact coatings, but also increased powder oxidation. Al coatings exhibited lower hardness and wear resistance compared to Ti coatings, but were more suitable for corrosion protection due to their low porosity and high compactness.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Marta Dobrosielska, Renata Dobrucka, Dariusz Brzakalski, Milosz Frydrych, Paulina Kozera, Monika Wieczorek, Marek Jalbrzykowski, Krzysztof J. Kurzydlowski, Robert E. Przekop
Summary: Fractionation of diatomaceous earth allowed for obtaining a range of particle sizes, with modification using the smallest particles resulting in improved impact strength, melt flow rate, and elasticity of the PLA composite material.
Article
Polymer Science
Marta Dobrosielska, Renata Dobrucka, Paulina Kozera, Rafal Kozera, Marta Kolodziejczak, Ewa Gabriel, Julia Glowacka, Marek Jalbrzykowski, Krzysztof J. Kurzydlowski, Robert E. Przekop
Summary: Amorphous diatomite was used as a filler for polyamide 11 to produce biocomposites with improved mechanical properties. The diatomite particles were fractionated by sedimentation to obtain powders with different particle size distributions. Biocomposites with varied filler content were tested for mechanical properties and analyzed for particle size distribution, filler dispersion, and thermal parameters. The results showed that biocomposites modified with diatomaceous earth exhibited higher mechanical strength, especially with larger amounts of filler. The sedimentation process used in this study can be applied on an industrial scale for the production of biocomposites.
Article
Physics, Applied
Raghottam M. Sattigeri, Prafulla K. Jha, Piotr Spiewak, Krzysztof J. Kurzydlowski
Summary: This study demonstrates that the conducting edge states in 2D topological insulators can facilitate excellent catalytic response, opening up possibilities for high-performance and efficient catalysts.
APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Piya Roychoudhury, Aleksandra Golubeva, Przemyslaw Dabek, Oleksandra Pryshchepa, Gulyaim Sagandykova, Pawel Pomastowski, Michal Gloc, Renata Dobrucka, Krzysztof Kurzydlowski, Boguslaw Buszewski, Andrzej Witkowski
Summary: In this study, Pseudostaurosira trainorii mediated biosynthesized iron-oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) were used as nanostructures to assist ionization and desorption in laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). These biogenic IONPs showed high catalytic properties and sensitivity towards small molecules, demonstrating their potential application in future nanobiotechnology and preparation of NALDI plates.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Luana Bonnici, Joseph Buhagiar, Glenn Cassar, Kelsey Ann Vella, Jian Chen, Xiyu Zhang, Zhiquan Huang, Ann Zammit
Summary: This research investigates the effects of mechanical shot peening and TiAlCuN coating on additively manufactured 316L stainless steel. Shot peening increases surface hardness by 40%, and the combined effect with coating increases it three-fold compared to as-printed coupons. Shot peening also improves surface finish and induces compressive residual stress. Scratch testing shows better performance in hybrid treated samples, while corrosion tests demonstrate the superiority of the hybrid treated samples over other variables.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiyu Zhang, Zhiquan Huang, Kehua Wang, Jianming Wang, Ann Zammit, Joseph Buhagiar, Glenn Cassar, Mingyue Liu, Jian Chen
Summary: The erosion-corrosion behavior of high-speed steel (HSS) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN) coating in simulated seawater under different flow conditions was investigated. The TiAlN coating showed negligible failure on the front side, while clear erosion-corrosion marks were observed on the HSS. Unexpected failure features were identified on the back side of both specimens due to localized high-velocity water flow at the edge and high turbulence in the center. The HSS exhibited dominant corrosion in the center and dominant erosion at the edge, while the TiAlN/HSS coating showed layer-by-layer spallation instead of surface crack propagation.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Donald Dalli, Leonardo Fanton, Bertram Mallia, Pierre Schembri Wismayer, Joseph Buhagiar, Pierluigi Mollicone
Summary: This study evaluates four different theoretical wear models applied to a novel hip prosthesis design. The models showed high discrepancies when predicting the wear of the new unidirectional design, while providing a good indication for the conventional ball-and-socket design. The model considering friction-induced molecular orientation exhibited the closest agreement with experimental results.
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF BIOMEDICAL MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Kelsey Ann Vella, Joseph Buhagiar, Glenn Cassar, Martina Marie Pizzuto, Luana Bonnici, Jian Chen, Xiyu Zhang, Zhiquan Huang, Ann Zammit
Summary: The use of additively manufactured components made of titanium alloys has grown rapidly in aerospace applications. However, issues such as retained porosity, rough surface finish, and tensile surface residual stresses hinder their expansion to other sectors. This study investigates the effect of a duplex treatment, combining shot peening and physical vapor deposition, to improve the surface characteristics of the material.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Luke Saliba, Keith Sammut, Christabelle Tonna, Foteini Pavli, Vasilis Valdramidis, Ray Gatt, Ryan Giordmaina, Liberato Camilleri, William Atanasio, Joseph Buhagiar, Pierre Schembri Wismayer
Summary: Iron-based biodegradable metal bone graft substitutes have potential in filling bone defects after trauma and revision arthroplasty surgery, but further research on their biodegradability, cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and infection resistance is necessary before clinical use. In vitro experiments showed significant cytotoxicity caused by different Fe alloys, while in vivo experiments on rats demonstrated no adverse effects and minimal corrosion of FeMn, FeMn1Ag, and FeMn5Ag implants. All Fe alloys exhibited antibacterial properties, with the Ag-containing alloys showing the highest bacterial resistance.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mark Fedorov, Jan S. Wrobel, Witold Chrominski, Grzegorz Cieslak, Magdalena Plocinska, Krzysztof J. Kurzydlowski, Duc Nguyen-Manh
Summary: The relative phase stability of fcc and bcc Cr-Fe-Mn-Ni alloys was studied using density functional theory, cluster expansion (CE), and Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The CE models enabled the calculation of Gibbs free energies of formation for different compositions, and the MC simulations provided insights into the stability of these alloys at different temperatures. The results obtained were in line with experimental data and helped identify the alloys that are predicted to have a single fcc phase over a wide temperature range.
Article
Crystallography
Kamil Majchrowicz, Agnieszka Chmielewska, Bartlomiej Wysocki, Sylwia Przybysz-Gloc, Mariusz Kulczyk, Halina Garbacz, Zbigniew Pakiela
Summary: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of manufacturing defects on the high-cycle fatigue life of a commercially pure Ti Grade 2 produced by a laser beam powder bed fusion (PBF-LB) process. The high-cycle fatigue performance of PBF-LB Ti Grade 2 was compared to its ultrafine-grained (UFG) counterpart processed by hydrostatic extrusion. Despite similar yield strength, UFG Ti Grade 2 exhibited a significantly higher endurance fatigue limit compared to PBF-LB Ti Grade 2, and the size of manufacturing defects greatly affected the high-cycle fatigue life.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Madhavi H. Dalsaniya, Krzysztof Jan Kurzydlowski, Dominik Kurzydlowski
Summary: Understanding the properties of molecular solids at high pressure is crucial for the development of new solid-state theories. This study applies a hybrid density functional theory approach to simulate the behavior of elemental bromine under high pressure. The results accurately reproduce experimental observations and provide insights into the metallic properties of different phases.
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mohammadreza Kasravi, Alireza Yaghoobi, Tahereh Tayebi, Mahsa Hojabri, Abdolkarim Talebi Taheri, Fatemeh Shirzad, Bahram Jambar Nooshin, Radman Mazloomnejad, Armin Ahmadi, Fatemeh A. Tehrani, Ghasem Yazdanpanah, Mohammad Hadi Farjoo, Hassan Niknejad
Summary: As a promising approach in translational medicine, the decellularization of discarded livers to produce bioscaffolds that support recellularization has potential in overcoming the limitations of conventional liver transplantation. In this study, the researchers investigated the use of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibition to preserve the extracellular matrix (ECM) during liver decellularization. The results demonstrated that the application of an MMP inhibitor significantly improved the preservation of ECM components and mechanical properties of the bioscaffolds, which supported cell viability and function in vitro. The study also confirmed that the MMP inhibition led to the inhibition of MMP2 and MMP9, providing a novel method to enhance ECM preservation during liver decellularization.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Mohammadsadegh Nadimifar, Weiguang Jin, Clara Coll-Satue, Gizem Bor, Paul Joseph Kempen, Ali Akbar Moosavi-Movahedi, Leticia Hosta-Rigau
Summary: This study presents a metal-phenolic self-assembly approach that can prepare nanoparticles fully made of hemoglobin. The nanoparticles exhibit good oxygen binding and releasing capabilities.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jyoti Kumari, Roel Hammink, Jochem Baaij, Frank A. D. T. G. Wagener, Paul H. J. Kouwer
Summary: Fibrosis is the formation of fibrous connective tissue in response to injury, leading to organ dysfunction. A novel hybrid hydrogel combining synthetic polyisocyanide with hyaluronic acid has been developed, showing strong antifibrotic properties.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Letter
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Melissa Machado Rodrigues, Cristian Padilha Fontoura, Charlene Silvestrin Celi Garcia, Sandro Tomaz Martins, Joao Antonio Pegas Henriques, Carlos Alejandro Figueroa, Mariana Roesch Ely, Cesar Aguzzoli
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Article
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Jessica Polak, David Sachs, Nino Scherrer, Adrian Suess, Huan Liu, Mitchell Levesque, Sabine Werner, Edoardo Mazza, Gaetana Restivo, Mirko Meboldt, Costanza Giampietro
Summary: Human skin equivalents (HSEs) play a crucial role in tissue engineering. This study introduces a 3D-printed culture insert to apply a static radial constraint on HSEs and examines its effects on tissue characteristics. The results show that the diameter of the culture insert significantly influences tissue contraction, fibroblast and matrix organization, keratinocyte differentiation, epidermal stratification, and basement membrane formation. This study provides important insights for the design of skin tissue engineering.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
Review
Materials Science, Biomaterials
Shiliang Chen, Tianming Du, Hanbing Zhang, Jing Qi, Yanping Zhang, Yongliang Mu, Aike Qiao
Summary: This paper reviewed the primary methods for improving the overall properties of biodegradable zinc stents. It discussed the mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and biocompatibility of various improvement strategies. Alloying was found to be the most common, simple, and effective method for improving mechanical properties. Deformation processing and surface modification further improved the mechanical properties and biological activity of zinc alloys. Meanwhile, structural design could endow stents with special properties. Manufacturing zinc alloys with excellent properties and exploring their interaction mechanism with the human body are areas for future research.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES
(2024)
